
J ^9 



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DEARBORN'S 

REMINISCENCES OF BOSTON, 

AND 

GUIDE THROUGH THE CITY 

AND 

ENVIRONS. 




BOSTON: 

PRINTED, PUBLISHED AND SOLD BT NATHANIEL DEARBORN, 

104 Washington Street. 



Sold also by Wm. D. Ticknor & Co. ; S. G. Simpkins ; 
and George Redding & Co. 



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Entered according to the act of Congress, in the yeai 1851, 

BY NATHANIEL DEARBORN, 

In the ckrk's office of the District Court of Mass. 



"^"^^ 



'^ 



The compiler of this little manual has long been aware 
that some similar work has been needed, for the ben- 
efit of strangers visiting the city, and as a compact record 
of the doings of its enterprising, philanthropic and politic 
citizens. 

Boston has been without such a publication for many- 
past years, and travelers have been anxious to possess 
something which in its local details, w^ould help them 
to see. study and understand, what sort of a people they 
are amongst, and what interesting objects here, maybe 
worthy of their first attention. 

The compiler of this Guide has aimed to make a suit- 
able record of every public city association, with every 
prominent object within and about its boundaries, and 
hopes he has now presented a work worthy of its labor 
and collation, and of the kindly notice of Bostonians ; yet, 
if any institution, having for its views and acts, the pro- 
motion of the best good of the people, may not be found 
recorded in these pages, if correct information of its do- 
ings or printed report will be forwarded to the publisher, 
for some future number, it will surely have a place 
therein. 

The present edition is less than one thousand copies, 
and if these may meet a ready sale, another will follow 
as the occasion may require. 



THESE PAGES 



ARE RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED 



HON. JAMES SAVAGE 



For his elevated character as a man, blended with 
the choice and bland proprieties of the gentleman ; 
for his talents as an interesting writer and historian, 
and for his usefulness in prominently aiding the phi- 
lanthropic and politic movements of his favored as- 
sociates, through a long vista of years. 

That his life may be continued in the enjoyment 
•of health and happiness, and eventually adorn our 
record as the ripest inhabitant on this probationary 
€phere, are the aspirations of his 

much obliged friend 

and very humble servant, 

Nathaniel Dearbohn. 



CONTENTS. 



Academy of Arts & Sciences, 49. 

Adams Samuel, 37. 

Adams J. and Beiij. West, 86. 

Alms houses, 74. 

American Auxil'y Educa'n So. 103. 

American Statistical Society, 121. 

American Peace Society, 126. 

Ancient & modern names of sts.172 

Ancient Building, 119. 

Ancient & Hon. Artill'y Com'y, 27. 

Artesian Wells, 70. 

Association for support of aged 

indigent Females, 106. 
Athenaeum Library, 45. 
Balloon ascension, 71. 
Band of Music, (first) 27. 
Baptist Missionary Union, 129. 
Battle with sword and broom, S3. 
Beacon hill tar barrell, 39. 
Beacon hill monument, 40. 
Beacon street fire, 155. 
Beecher's meetinghouae burnt, 156, 
Bewitched family, 84. 
Bible Society, 102. 
Blackstone Wm., 13, 14, 15, 25. 
Boston,-at its earliest date, 13, 18. 
Boston streets, 25, 
Boston streets, &c. 60. 
Boston Schools, 33, 34, 35, 36. 
Boston Library, 45. 
Boston Athenaeum, 45, 129. 
Boston free Library, 47. 
Boston Soc'y of iVatu'l History. 49. 
Boston Female Asylum, 53, 125. 
Boston Seaman's Friend Soc'y. 57, 
Boston Port Society, 59, 128. 
Boston East, 68. 
Boston South, 67. 
Boston Theatre, 76. 
Boston Phonographic Society, 105. 
Boston Aqueduct of 1795 : 116. 
Boston Stone, 117. 
Boston Emigrant Society, 120. 
Boston Academy of Music, 123. 
Boston Marine Society, 129. 
Boston Benefit Society, 130. 
Bowditch Library, 47. 
Bowen'a Museum, SO. 
Brattle st. Ch. cannon ball, 117. 



Brimmer Geo. W., 40. 

Bridges from Boston, 41 to 44. 

British Charitable Society, 124. 

Buildings erected in Boston, 140. 

Cambridge Bridge, 43. 

Cause of Amer. Independence, 86. 

Castle Island, 152. 

Charlestown settled, 13. 

Charlestown Bridge, 41. 

Chauncy Dr., 17. [68. 

Channel betw'n Boston & S. B. 18, 

Chauntry's Washington, 39. 

Chinese Museum, 82. 

Charitable Soc'y Mass., 130. 

Children's Friend Society, 132. 

Churches & Ministers in Bos. 134. 

Citizen Soldiers, 26. 

Circulating Libraries, 48. 

City Hall, 72. 

City Government History of, 92. 

City Lamps, cost of, 114. 

City Police, cost of, 116. 

Cotton Rev. John, 13. 

Common Boston, 14, 15, 16. 

Colburn Deacon, 25. 

Court House, 73. 

Colonization Society, 100. 

Cockerel vane, 117. 

Cow Pox, 153. 

Court street fire, 155. 

Cragie's Bridge, 43. 

Crescent pond, 17. 

Cupola or lanthorn. State House. 33 

Custom House, 73. 

Daily and other Newspapers, 88. 

Destitute children, (home for) 52. 

Distant from old State House, 133. 

Duel with swords, 17. 

East Boston, 68. 

Elm Tree on the Common, 17, 

Emigrant Society, 120. 

Exchange Coffee House, burnt, 142 

Exhibition of Fowls, 96. 

FaneuilHall, 29,30. 

Fatherless and Widows' Soc. 121 

Fence round the Common, 15. 

Female Samaritan Society, 131. 

Female temporary home, 52. 

Female Asylum, 53. 



VIII 



Female AToral Reform Soc'y, 55. 

Female Refuge ynciety, 54. 

Female Am. Educational Soc'y, 98. 

First Nevv.<paper in Boston, 87. 

Fires, 31, 32, 33, 154 to 164. 

Fire Department, 31j 115. 

Fire works, 2S. 

Flour Mill Suffolk County, 131. 

Fort hill, '20. 

Foreign Missions Soc'y, 127. 

Fort Independence, 152. 

Frog pond, 17. 

Franklin's birthplace, 22, 23, 140. 

Fragment Society, 123. 

Franklin Typygraphical So. 127. 

Free Boston Library, 47. 

Free Intelligence othce. 109. 

George's Island Fort, 152. 

Geneological Society, 49, 125. 

Granite Market House, 30 

Greenwood's Museum. 80. 

Grasshopper on Faneuil Hall, 152. 

Halls for concerts, 79. 

Handel and Haydn Society, 126. 

Hancock House, 117. 

Hills (Jeorge, 71. 

Historical anecdote, 8C. 

Historical Society, Mass. 44, 131. 

Horticultural Society, 96. 

Howard Benevolent Society, 109. 

Howard Athenaeum Theatre, 78. 

House for destitute children, 52. 

Home Missionary Society, 128. 

Humane Society, 51. 

Institution for the Blind, 129. 

Improvements in Boston, 140. 

Important fires in Boston, 31, 32, 154 

Jail (County,) 75. 

Johnson Isaac, 72, 

Johnson (Lady Arbella) 72. 

Keayne, Capt Robert, 31, 152. 

Jfilby street fire, 155. 

Kimball's Museum, 81. 

King's Chapel, 117. 

Lanes, Streets, &.c , 60. 

Ladies Home Education Soc'y, 52 

Ladies Soc'y for promotion of 

education at the West, 169. 
Land reclaimed from tide w. 115. 
Lawrence, Hon. Abbott, 37. 
Laws ag-ainst Quake vs. 176» 
Liberty Tree, 20, 21. 
Lion Theater, 77. 



Long Wharf, 152. 
Lying-in Hospiial, 130. 
.Market house Granite, 30. 
xMarine Society Boston, 129. 
Mariners House, 59. 
.Masonic Temple, 79. 
Alass. General Hospital, 41, 124. 
Mass Historical Library, 44. 131. 
Mass, Char. Mech- Asso,n. 51, 125, 
Mass. Humane Society, 51, 107. 
Mass. Fire Society, 52, 128. 
Mass. Sabbath School Asso'n, 99. 
Mass. Colonization Society, 100. 
Mass. Bible Society, 102. 
Mass. Anti Slavery Society, 125. 
Mass. Eye and Ear Infirmary, 128. 
Mass. Charitable Society, 130. 
Mass. Legisla. Temp. Soc'y, 132. 
Mayors of Boston, 95. 
^lech. Apprentices Lib'y, 48, 128. 
Melodeon Hall, 79. 
.Mercantile Library, 47, 130. 
Merchant s Exch. Building. 143. 
Miller Tabernacle, 164. 
Mt. Auburn Cemetery, 165. 
Museum and Theater, 79. 
Museums, 80. 
National Theatre, 77. 
Natural History, (Soc of) 49. 
Needle-womans Friend Soc'y, 129, 
New England Museum, 81. 
N. E. Geneological Soc'y 49, 125. 
N. E. Moral Reform Society, 55. 
Newspapers, ancient and mod. 87. 
Non-Resistance Society, 129. 
North end Total Ab. Society, 132. 
Officers of Horticultural Soc'y. 98. 
do. So. support aged Females, 106 
do. Howard Benev. Society, 109, 
Old Colony Railroad, 70. 
Old Slate House, 152, 109 
Old Exchange Coffee House, 142. 
Oliver, (Secretary) 19. 
Orthodox Sab. School Union, 122. 
Paving & Granite stonea. Sec, 116, 
Perry Arthur, 27. 
Perkins Thos. Handasyde, 46. 
Perkins, Hon. James, 46. 
Penitent Female Refuge So,, 54. 
Periodicals published in Boston, 83. 
Phonographic Association, 105. 
Places distant from o. Town h, 133. 
Plagiarist Preaclier, 137. 



IX 



Plymouth rock, 117. 

Port Societ}', Boston, 59, 129. 

Pnnters Union Society, 127. 

Primitive items, 177. 

J-'ropegating the Gospel, 127. 

Provnice House, Wbti, 41. 

Prisoners Friend Association, 122. 

Public Libraries, 48. 

Public Baths & AVash-house, 171. 

Public Houses in Boston, 138. 

Quochituat Fountain, 17. 

i^uiucy, Sen. Josiah, 30. 

Quakers, laws. against. 176. 

Railroads from Boston, 133. 

Record ot^ public events, 40. 

Reclaimed land at south end, 115. 

Ropewalks, 16, 17. 

Roxbury Cove, 19. 

Sabbath School Association, 99. 

Sailors burnt, 32. 

Savings Banks, 75. 

Schools in Boston, 33, 34, 35, 36. 

JSeaman's Friend Society, 57. 

Seaman's Home, 58. 

Small Pox and Cow Pock, 153. 

Smith Abiel, 37. 

Snow's Hist, of Boston, 19. 21. 367. 

Soldiers rights, &c., 26. 

Nouth Boston, 67. 

South Cove Corporation, 69. 

Soc'y for preveni'g Pauperism, 109, 

So. for education for Mmisiryj 103. 

Stale House, 37 



Stamp office ofl765, 19. 
State Library, 46. 
Strangers Retreat, 56. 
Streets, lanes, alleys, &c. 60. 
Stone Chapel, 117. 
Statistical As'so. (American) 121. 
St. Vin. de Pauls Or. Asyfni, 128. 
Sundry items, 114, 152. 
Support for aged Females, 106. 
Tablets of recorded events, 40. 
Tank, (water lor fire) 31. 
Tea and Stamp Tax, 20. 
riiorndike Augustus, 46. 
Theaters, 76. 

Total Ab. Society, Young men's 123 
Tremont Theater, 77. 
Trenionl Temple, 79. 
Triangular warehouse, 118. 
Two JJeaths by a N. E. storm, 167. 
Teaching Idiots, 132. 
Unitarian Association, 128. 
Various items, 114, 152. 
Warren st. Chapel, 113. 
Warren Biidge, 43. 
Washington st. Boston, 25. 
Washington Statue, 39. 
Washington Total Ab. Soc'y, 132. 
Webb Rufus, 37. 
vVhitfield Rev. George. 17. 
Winthrop Gov. John, 13- 
Widening streets, 25. 
Witchcraft in Boston, 84. 
Worcester Railroad, 70. 



OBJECTS IN AND ABOUT BOSTON WORTHY OF A 
STANOERS FIRST ATTENTION. 

The State House on the highest land in the City prop- 
er, northwest of the Common, in which is Chantry's Stat- 
ue of Washington, and from the lantern or observatory of 
the building, above its dome, a most magnificent pano- 
ramic view of all that is beautiful and grand in a picture 
can be enjoyed :— in the eastern portion of the State 
House are the stairs, free for all : for description, see 
page 37. Next west of the State House is the John 
Hancock residence, in its ancient habiliment. Then 
the beautiful and spacious Common grounds with the 
fountain of Quochituat, which ascends to the lofty 
height of 95 feet. See page 17. 



Faneuil Hall, the cradle of Liberty and Independence 
on Dock Square, and on the east of that, the Granhe 
City market house, 535 feet in length, will well reward 
a visitor. See page 29. 

The Literary Institution of the Boston Athenaeum on 
Beacon Street, with its library, paintings and statuary, 
within their new red stone classical edifice, is eminently 
entitled to a visit, and where strangers can be introduced 
by any of its numerous proprietors. See page 45. 

The Society of Natural History with its rich Cabinet of 
curiosities in their spacious building on Mason Street^ 
leading from West Street, is celebrated for the richest 
enjoyment to a virtuoso, or literary enquirer after gems in 
science. Open every Wednesday afternoon to the public. 
See page 49. 

Scientific or Literary Lectures are delivered during the 
fall and winter seasons under the authority of the Lowell 
InsUtute, every Tuesday and Friday, at Marlboro Chapel 
Place, Washington Street, at the Lowell Institute. 

The Mercantile Institution of Merchants' Clerks and 
Apprentices, also have a course of lectures at Tremout 
Temple, every Wednesday evening, during the winter. 
See page 47 and 130. 

The Mechanic Apprentices Association also have 
their scientific lectures at their Library Hall in Phillips' 
Place, Tremont street. See page 48 and 128. 

Boston Museum by Moses Kimball on Tremont Street, 
contains an immense amount of curiosities worthy of 
examination. Theatrical entertainments in the evening. 
See page 81. 

Harvard University, 3)^ miles west from Boston, with 
its Library Building, Observatory and Botanic Garden, 
are worthy of the best bow from a traveler ; Omnibusses 
from Brattle Street, every few minutes pass and repass 
to Cambridge for 20 cents each passenger ; and by Kail 
Road from Fitchburg station, at 15 cents. 

Mount Auburn Cemetery is 1 3-8 miles west of Harvard 
University, with its hundreds of monuments, some of 



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MAJ. GEN. JOS EPH WARREN. 

me mis sliin in r/u S,ia/e en AmJc^rSi// 

for Gods inalienatle riglits to luan. 

Ot31- fathers fouglit and lied! 
So glorious were those riglits, secured. 

The sons revere the dead. 



Snztmd aavrdm^ GfAU cf f' 



XI 

which are pre-eminently sculptured, affording pleasure- 
able and monitory instruction. See page 165. 

Fresh Pond is one half of a mile north of the Ceme- 
tery, where millions of tons of ice have been cut from its 
surface for transportation. 

Fresh Pond House is agreeably situated on the margin 
of the Pond. It has long been in the care and man- 
agement of Mr. Willard, and the pic-nic varieties there 
served up, has attracted large companies during the warm 
and sultry days of the season. Good sail-boats, nine-pin 
alleys, and swings are the concomitants of the house. 

Mr. Cushing's celebrated seat in Watertown, is about 
one mile in a westerly direction, from the Pond, where 
117 acres of choice land are cultivated in the Eastern 
style of magnificence and gorgeousness, and where per- 
sons of respectability are welcomed to view the beauti- 
ful grounds. 

Charlestown, on the north of Boston, separated only 
by the River Charles, has the spacious Navy Yard, its 
massive Dry Dock, its superior Ropewalk, with other 
important objects of interest, where visitors are politely 
received. Bunker Hill Monument is directly in its neigh- 
borhood, (of which we give an engraving,) and should 
not be slightly passed by. On the western point of 
Charlestown is the States Prison. 

The Harbor of Boston and the Bay of Massachusetts 
are studded with an hundred Islands, with innumerable 
water craft on the wing, or steaming a visit to its sea 
shore, and is ever interesting. From the dome of the 
State House it presents a beautiful view. 

Nahant, 9 j^ miles, north-east from Boston, is a cele- 
brated watering place ; its prominently rock-bound ledg- 
es, sixty and seventy feet in height, particularly mark it 
as a suitable place for a visit : good public houses may 
be found there, and at very many of the promontories on 
both sides of the bay, and plenty offish of various tribes 
may be caught from its bosom, by the wily fisherman. 



XII 

On a south-east direction, six miles from Boston, is 
Quincy, where a granite rock has grown (?) to a height 
of 500 feet, and where two Presidents of the U. States 
were born, viz. John Adams and his son, John Q. Adams. 

Nantasket Beach, the pleasant town of Hull, in sum- 
mer, 9X miles distant by water ; Hingham, 14 miles, 
and Cohasset, 20 miles, are interesting watering places, 
on the south-eastern coast of the harbor, and all with ex- 
cellent public accommodation houses : the new light- 
house on Cohasset rocks, supported with six iron pillars 
imbedded in the rock, having two rooms, each 12 feet 
diameter, 7 feet high, one above the other, with a lan- 
tern above, about 4 feet : the lower flooring of the room 
being 65 feet above high water line, the whole rocks 
with a high wind to such a degree and force, as to near- 
ly empty a standing bucket of water. 

Roxbury, adjoining Boston on a south-west line, with 
Dorchester on its south-east, and Brookline on its north- 
west, presents to the eye, every thing admirable and 
beautiful in the horticultural and floral departments, 
with almost every variety of country seats, cottages and 
hamlets, built and adorned with taste and beauty. 

Milton, adjoining Dorchester on its south, 7 miles 
from Boston, is a handsome village or town, and the ex- 
tended and varied yiews from its hills; its everlasting 
blue encircled hills, fullv compensate the visitor for as- 
cending to their topmost height. 

Brighton, famous for its Cattle shows and market, 5 
miles west from Boston : — Newton, 3 miles, and Water- 
town, 7 miles, adjoining, are all capable of arresting 
the visitors eye with a pleasurable compensation for 
the jaunt, and where famous public houses supply the 
inner man with inspirations, poetical and prosy. 







~JVal:/iiJ>€a '^oivi . ' 



MINOT S I,EDi;K LKniTHOUSE. 



p;ige 12. 




It was commenced building in 1847 ; in 1849 ii was 
completed, and Jan. 1, 1850, first lighted : it was sup- 
ported by 8 iron cylinder pillars, equa-distant from each 
other on a circle of 25 feet diameter, with an additional 
upright center shaft, each varying in length from 60 to 
,63 feet, all securely affixed in the drilled rock, at five 
feet depth. It is supposed that a wave 60 feet in height, 
on Wednesday night, April 16, 1851, struck the lower 
room of the two under-keepers, at about 10 o'clock, 
and swept them off with the whole superstructure, by 
breaking off the iron pillars at various distances, a few 
feet above the rock. This lighthouse was erected on 
the outermost of the Cohasset Rocks, 20 miles distant, 
S. E. from Boston — the cap of the lantern being about 
83 feet from the rock surface, at a cost of about !}?33,000. 
The propriety of economising on building a light- 
house, but illy contrasts with an expenditure of two 
millions for a Custom House. 



BOSTON. 

The Neck of land or Peninsula of Boston, comprising 
about 600 acres at its earliest date, was first occupi- 
ed by Wm. Blackstone, an Episcopal clergyman from 
England, in the year 1625 or 6 : he assumed about six 
acres of land at the western end of Beacon St., on 
Charles St. and cultivated the same for an orchard, &c. 

Gov. John Wjnthrop and party, commenced the settle- 
ment of Charlestown hi 1629, but on being invited by 
Blackstone, to cross the river Charles, for a better site for 
a town, they, all but seventeen persons, in 1630, left 
Charlestown and commenced this favored settlement ; 
the Indians had called it "Shawmut," for its good springs 
of water : the Europeans had named it " Trimount," 
for its three contiguous hills on Mount Vernon, and the 
new settlers named it for Boston, in Eng., being the 
original name fixed on in England by the emigrating 
party, and not as has been often reported, on account of 
the Rev. John Cotton ; for he did not come to New Eng- 
land, till 1633. Rev. John Wilson was their first pastor. 

The VVinthrop party (men and women) were all rigor- 
ously religious : dissenters from the thirty-nine articles 
of the English church : and on account of their aband- 
onment of all the pleasures of home, for the worship of 
God according to the principles of Calvin, in this wild 
Indian territory, they were called " Puritans : " their 
singleness of thought being centered in the observance 
of lire religious forms and belief in their secular creed, 
cramped their otherwise intelligent minds, and led them 
into similar errors, which they had deprecated in the 
principles and government of the Church of England : 
the tyrannic powers of bishop Laud, they had escaped by 
emigration, but by attempting by force of laws, to be a 
select puritan family here, they committed the same ei- 
2 



14 

cesse?, ihey had detested and abhorred, and fled from its 
midst in tlie parent countr}'. Mr. Blackslone soon began 
to expeiieuce the difriculiies, in embr)0, which at ma- 
turily might surround liim. This piobably determined 
him to remove from Boston, and foi; the purpose of plac- 
ing his property in the most correct way lor a disposal of 
it, in 1633, the inhabitants of Boston in Town meeting 
granted or confirmed to him, lifty ackiiiional acres of 
land (our present Common) near to his then garden and 
house on Beacon St. 

There has been a tradition handed down through 
past generations about the Common, that it was a be- 
quest from some legator, for the benelit of the inhabi- 
itants of tlie Town : on condition of its being kept free 
from building on : but the name of the donor has never 
been announced, or can any record be discovered to give 
the least credence to that report. 

That it was the fifty acre lot confirmed to Blackstone 
as his property in 1633, there is no doubt; and if seeking 
for a reason for that lot being located as a "Cow pasture 
and training ground ;"' as no vihei lot or square was ev- 
er reserved for the benefit of the inhabitants, or any wide 
Streets laid out, or public building erected by them, we 
may be permitted to surnd^e, at this day, for want of 
proof to the contrary, that their strong prejudices to the 
religious principles of the man, rendered it repugnant to 
the feelings of the Puritans to apportion the lot out to 
"people of quality, " and others of their clan, and they 
chose to lay it down as a Cow pasture, for a contemning 
memento to his memory. 

Mr. B. said that he left England, because he did not 
like the "Lord Bishops," and he would not join the 
church here, for he would not be under the "Lord's 
Brethren : " and as the Church of England could never 
be wedded to that of Calvin, or to its disciples in the 
bonds of friendship, he re-sold his 50 acre lot to the peo- 
ple of Boston, for £30; which they were assessed for, not 



15 

less than 53. each, in 1634; he then removed to Cumber- 
land, R. I. and there raised the first orchard of the yellow- 
sweeting apple ; cultivated a park, and named his fa- 
vorite spot " Study hill;'" on which he was buried, 
where a fiat stoue gives record of his death on the 2dJi 
of May, 1675: the place has since been knuwn as the 
^'Whipple farm;" aiid the canal from Worcester to Pro- 
vidence, called/by his name. JMr. Blackstone, was a 
gentleman of education and refinement : he often on 
the Sabbath, walked from his residence to Providence to 
preach ; and treated his young parishioners to his beauti- 
ful fruit, such as they had never before enjoyed; and 
when too far advanced in years for such a w^alk, as he 
never owned a horse, he rode on a tamed bull on his be- 
nevolent errand. 

As the party who first formed the settlement of Boston 
were mostly driven from their homes and paternal 
friends by the severe dealings of the Church of England, 
when they had become familiarly acquainted wiih the 
particularly religions piinciples of Air. Blackstone. it 
may readily be supposed that harmony could not exist 
between such opposite religious opinionists, and that their 
relative situalioiis would become extremely irksome, 
and in all probability would have resulted in a serious 
rupture by the year 1635, when Roger Williams was 
banished from the state, on the charge and conviction of 
heresy, for advancing the obnoxious sentiment that the 
disciples of the Saviour should be allowed to go down 
into the river and be there baptised. 

On the lOih of May, 1830, the City ^authorities, 
by resolve, forbade those grounds being used by the 
cows : a wooden two-rail fence surrounded the lot : 
in 1836 that fence gave way for the present imposing 
iron picketed enclosure, at a cost of $^82,159,85 ; its bor- 
der inhabitants paying 616,292,00, and the City the bal- 
ance : its length is 5932 feet; about one mile and an 
eighth : the area of the Common contains about fifty 
acres, and the garden west of Charles St. 24 acres : this 



16 

garden was formerly the site of " Fox hill," and flats of 
the Common, on which six ropewalks were built in 1794. 
Six ropewalks were burnt to the ground, located on 
a line with Pearl Street, on the 30th of July, previous, 
wdth nearly one hundred houses and stores, extending 
to the w^aters edge at Russia wharf : the sutfering own- 
ers of the ropewalks, by the kind feelings of the town 
authorities, were allowed to erect their rope walks there, 
without rent or taxes, which they gladly acceded to, and 
six w^ere built : on the 18th of Feb. 1806, they were 
burnt to the ground : then five were rebuilt, which were 
burnt down in 1819. They had then been in quiet pos- 
session of the land for twenty-five years ; long enough 
to sustain xhe just rights of a '■'squatter;''^ and those 
rights they assumed and intended to put in force, by a 
sale of the land for building lots. This excited the "Bos- 
toneers" to a blaze of fury, and they determined that 
not one stone should remain upon another on that cher- 
ished public spotf ihe squatters were thus induced to 
leave their claim out to referees, who awarded them 
fifty thousand dollars for their asserted title to the grounds, 
which the City authorities paid ; this was a severe pen- 
alty for a neglect of judicially holding on to the City's 
landed property. 

The Common previous to 1795, was fenced on three 
sides. North, East and South ; and its West was bounded 
by flats, and the waters of the Western bay and River 
Charles. It contained, accordino; to the vote of the in- 
habitants of the Town, in 1633, fifty acres; as the burial 
ground on its south line was not then part of the lot^ it 
would appear probable that the north line of that Ceme- 
tery, was the south line of the Common; for in 1787, 
Oct. 8, the Town then bought of Wm. Foster, two acres 
and an eighth of that section of the Common, bounding 
on Boylston Street. The size of the area as now fenc- 
ed in, contains about 50 acres ; subtracting 2 1-8 as the 
amount purchased, and then adding what upland was 
westerly, the amount of 50 acres may be made out, ac- 
cording to the vote of the citizens in 1633. The waters 



17 

from the West Bay flooded most of that length of Charles 
street, and the six rope walks there built in 1794, were 
propped up by spiles driven into the fiats, excepting at 
their southern front entrance, which was near the Boyl- 
ston street line : at that end, they rested on made solid 
ground. Nearly the whole area of the Public Garden 
has been reclaimed from tide water flats of the Common. 

The great Elm Tree near the "Frog^" '' Cresent," 
and now "■ Fountain Pond," was planted by Captain 
Danl. Henchman, in 1670, Under whose branches many 
sad fisty-cufF battles have been fought, and one with 
small swords took place between Henry Phillips and 
Beiij. Downing, which resulted in the death of the latter: 
Phillips was concealed for a time, and then smuggled 
3n board a vessel for France, in which country he died. 
Here too, it was, a captain of a militia company used to 
drill his men : with "eyes right: — eyes front; — heads 
up ;-^look like the debil : look like me ! " 

In 1740, Rev. George Whitlield preached his farewell 
sermon under this tree, to an audience of 30,000 persons. 
On his last visit to Boston, Dr. Chauncy, who disliked 
the man, went down Long wharf to see him land, and 
greeted him with '• Mr. Whitfield, 1 am very sorry to 
see you come back again ; " when Mr. Whitfield an- 
swered, -'So is the Devil !'' 

This tree in 1820, was fast decaying at its trunk, with 
an opening nearly to its centre, quite capacious; but time- 
Iv care, nutritious earthing, and a proper enclosing pick- 
elted fence, caused that aperture to become sound, and its 
large extending limbs have been braced wiihiron clamps. 
The '"FrojjPond" was a favorite place for the sports 
of youth, for sailing their miniature water-craft in sum- 
tner. and for skatinii in winter. When the City built a 
granite wall around its shores, it was named " Cresent 
Pond ; " on the 25th of October, 1848, when the grand 
and pure " Quochituat "'* flowed through viaducts of 

• In the Ancient Records of Massachusetts, the name of the Pond 
i« epcli (.iiinr;hiiii;U. which p«nains closer to the Indian dialect. 



m 

brick masonry, 18 miles west, fromFramiugharn to Bos- 
ton, and ascended from its centre, a perpendicular heiuht 
of 95 feet) all proclaimed it aloud, as "Fountain Pond; " 
so mote it be forever ! This glorious Fountain, — the 
best and purest quality of heaven's liquid blessing, with 
various apertures and lubes affixed in every anoular 
projection, distributes the main mass to fall in beautiful 
cascades, on a wide spreading willow-like water spout, at 
a height of 25 or 30 feet. The ground was first broken the 
20th of Aug. 1846 : a conduit of brick masonry laid in 
hydraulic cement, an extent of 15 miles, 6 1-3 j'eet high 
inside, and 5 feet wide, from the pond to the Brookline 
reservoir : and from thence by two ranges of iron tubes, 
30 inches diameter it is brought to the City ; one tube 
supplying the denizens direct ; the other to convey the 
water to a reservoir on Beacon hill, of a capacity to hold 
2,500,000 gallons, and pipes of different sizes to an ex- 
tent of 62 miles, guide it through the streets of the City-. 
There are 600 fire plugs at most suitable places and 733 
stop-cocks, to shut off the water w^hen alterations or re- 
pairs are needed : the inclined plane of the conduit \a 
three inches to a mile ; the Quochituat pond is 123 feel 
above a flood sea : its area 659 acres : greatest depth 69 
feet : length nearly 4 miles : Worcester railroad crosses 
its southern extremity : bv calculations it is expected 
to discharge lO/JOO.OOO gallons per day if required ; and 
its natural force, will reach the roofs of most of our 
buildings from the fire-plugs throuiih a hose. The 
expense of introducing water into Boston has been about 
S4,6<>0,OOO. 

THE PENINSULA OF BOSTON 

Was estimated to contain about 600 acres of land at 
the time of its stSttlement in 1630, and then South Boston 
was part of Dorchester, and the present ship channel, 
which divides the two segments, was fordable, dry shod, 
at low water; this was dug out in 1796 by a char- 
tered company for that purpose. — if the same could now 
all be filled in solid, for warehouse lotv'^, and a ship chan- 



19 

nel opened on the south of South Boston, into the south 
end cove to Roxbury, a large amount of fiats and land, 
useless now, would become of value in the market and 
afford great facilities for wharfage and for mercantile 
pursuits. Seven hundred acres of land have been re- 
claimed from the tide waters during the past sixty years : 
originally the narrow strip of land connecting Boston 
with Roxbury, at any hi^li tide, the waters from the 
west and east coves would meet, and cover it with a 
depth of three or four inches. It was there the Foi- 
tification-gates were planted for protection against the 
Indian forces, outside of which, was the gallows ; at 
this time there are four broad public roads, parallel to 
the first one, (Washington St.) and some few millions 
feet of land, made from the tide waters, now on sale 
by the City. About 70 acres of land were made on the 
north mill cove, where are now the Fitchburg, and Bos- 
ton and Maine Railroad Stations : and an equal amount 
on the south cove, at the Worcester, and Old Colony 
Railroad Stations, 

THE FAMOUS STAMP OFFICE OF 1765. 

An epistolary communication, some few months past, 
was addressed to the Mayor and Aldermen ot this City, 
by the owner of the building at the corner of Essex Street, 
wherein it represents that the obnoxious Stamp office of 
Secretary Oliver, was located in that neighborhood ; and 
that a mob collected there and de■^troyed the building, 
with a request, that the said communication may be re- 
c^arded in the city books. 

In Snow's History of Boston, page 109, it is thus re- 
recorded ; '■• Oliver's Duck, not many years since, 
oame up to Kilby street. On the side of the Dock stood 
the famous Stamp Otfice, occupied by Lieut. Gov. Oliver, 
{he was Secretary of the Province.) This small build- 
ing was tumbled into the icater by the patriotic mob of 
1765, and with it was overthrown the scheme of taxation 
which led to the revolution." 

On page 259 of the same work, is the following record ; 



20 

" As soon as it grew dark, the mob, which had been 
gathering all the afternoon (at Liberty Tree,) came down 
in procession to the Town House, bearing the efRgy of 
Oliver with them ; and knowing that the Governor and 
Council were in session, they gave three huzzas by way 
of defiance, and passed on toward Kilby street, where 
Mr Oliver had lately erected a building, which the peo- 
ple supposed was designed for a Stamp Office. That 
they instantly demoliehed. and bearing, each man, a por- 
tion of the ruins upon his shoulders, they moved in sol- 
emn pomp to Fort Hill, where they made a bonfire in 
view of Mr. Oliver's house, and burnt the effigy upon it.' 
That the Stamp office was on Oliver's Dock, Liberty 
Square, Kilby Street, there can be no doubt, and that it 
was demolished, and a bonfire made with its ruins on 
Fort Hill, in which an effigy of Secretary Oliver was 
burnt, all within sight of Oliver's house, at ihe head of 
Oliver Street, leading from Milk Street to Fort Hill, and 
after that, they took possession of his house, broke most 
of its windows, and prostrated his garden fences ; but 
why so many various accounts of its demolition should 
be made out, to be recorded as conflicting testimony, is 
quite an unsolved enigma. 

THE FAMOUS LIBERTY TREE. 

In Dr. Snow's History ot Boston, published in ^1826, 
page 258, it is recorded "Near the head of Essex Street, 
there used to be a grove of those majestic Elms, of the 
American species that form one of the greatest ornaments 
in the landscape of this country, which obtained for it the 
name of Hanover Square, or neighborhood of Elms." 
One of this grove or chister of Elms became a pet tree for 
the liberty boys to gather under, and there animadvert 
and commune together on their wrongs and grievarices 
inflicted by the Brifish government by various vexatious 
laws ; the Tax levied on Tea, and the Onerous Stamp 
I'ax on every piece of note paper or oblignl ion-bond, be- 
tween man and man ; a collection of mm would here 
be gathered of many hundreds or thousands of the inhab'* 
itanls of the Town and its \icinity. 



21 

On the 14th of February, 1766, the Liberty Tree was 
pruned in the best manner, agreeably to a vote of the 
true sons of liberty, and it became a rallying point and 
even an idol of the party: here they hanged the efhgy of 
an enemy to their country's welfare, and illuminated its 
branches with hundreds of lamps and made the can- 
non open wide its mouth, on any joyful occasion, under 
its umbrageous shadowing branches. On the 10th of 
May, cannon were fired under Liberty Tree for the 
repeal of the Stamp Act. 

From this description and uses of the Tree, we may 
readily suppose it must have been in some open, spacious 
publicly exposed situation ; probably in the centre of 
Hanover Square, as but very few buildings were then 
erected as far south as Essex St. At that day, the popu- 
lation of the Town was about 16,000 and those mostly 
residents at the north end. This Liberty Tree was cut 
down by the British army, under Lord Howe, in 1775, 
while he had possession of the Town, on the plea, that 
the refugees or Tories required wood for fuel ; and in its 
fall a British soldier was crushed to death. 

In Snow's History of Boston, at page 266, is an engrav- 
ed representation of this tree, as he may have then un- 
derstood its position, which engraving we have copied, 
to show that it is placed within a fence, on the line oi" 
Washington St., about 9 or 10 feet in front of the house, 
which house has a projecting F part from Essex Street; 
to the Washington Street line ; this Hhas one window in 
the middle of its southern side, and the space on either 
side of the window, appears about equal to the width of 
the window; then, allowing three feet for the width of 
the window, it will give about 9 feet projection from the 
main building. 

No one, on a careful consideration of these circum- 
stances, can suppose for a moment, that the famous Lib- 
erty Tree was worshipped in such a narrow, contracted 
spot ; for if it should have been illuminated, the project- 
ing r of the building would have concealed part of the 



22 

show, and the firing of cannon there, would have shat- 
tered the house windows, and 20 or 30 men would have 
been crowded on the small suiiace of yard room. 

The tree was a chosen, selected tree, from a grove of 
Elms^ near the junction of Boylston and Essex Streets, 
and its precise location, without doubt, could now be as- 
certained from some record of having excavated its trunk 
and roots from the public road, for laying drains or for 
other purposes. 

BIRTH PLACE OF FRANKLIN. 




23 

Opposite to the south front of the Old South Meeting 
House, on Milk St., stands a handsome granite business 
edifice, having on its upper front, •' The Birth Place of 
Franklin. " This spot was the location of the building, 
our cut truly represents ; which was occupied by Josiah 
and Abiah Franklin at the birth of their son, Benjamin, 
which occurred Sunday, Jan. 6, 1706, (old style,) an- 
swering to Jan. 17, (new style,) and on which day the 
little philosopher was chrislened at the Old South. 

Benjamin, at the age of 10 years, assisted in wicking 
the candle-moulds of his fathers manufactory, at the sign 
of the Blue Bell, on the corner of Union and Hanover St.; 
in which avocation he became uneasy, and was inclining 
to a sea fairing life, when his father bound him as an 
apprentice to his brother James, as a "printer's devil ;" 
James not being then married, Benjamin boarded out, 
and became a severe student. To obtain time and books 
for his improvement, he offered to take care of himself, 
for one half the amount James paid for his board : by 
that saving-habit he obtained something for a literary 
feast, being content to feast the body sparinaly, with a 
tart and a few plumbs ; the treasures of his mind accu- 
mulating with compound interest, at the age of 18 years, 
he re-issued its scrip, as editor of the fourth paper estab- 
lished in this country, entided the '-new England 

COURRANT." 

In 1723, a disagreement with his brother, prompted 
him to leave for Philadelphia: — the year following, he 
was in England, as a journyman Printer: — In 1726, he 
returned to Philadelphia, and soon after that commenced 
business with one Meredith: — In Sept. 1729, they joint- 
ly issued the Pennsylvania Gazette : — the next year, the 
copartnership was annulled, and Franklin alone continu- 
ed the Gazette : — and the same year became a profi- 
cient in the French, Spanish and Latin Languages, with- 
out any teacher: — In 17.32, his Poor Richard's Almanac 
was issued, to the calls for a third edition ; this work he 
continued for twenty-five years: — In 1737, at the age of 



24 

31 years, he became Post Master for Philadelphia, and 
in 1753, was Post Master General. 

In 1752, he received the honor of a diploma as Master 
of Arts, from Yale College, and in the following year, a 
similar honor from Harvard University : — he was unani- 
mously elected a member of the Royal Society of Lon- 
don, unsolicited on his part, the society waving the usu- 
al fee of 25 guineas for membership, accompanied with 
a presentation of the Society's gold medal, and an ad- 
dress of welcome from its president, Lord Macclesfield : 
Franklin's dress when young, was of a remarkably neat 
and fashionable style : — his temperance, industry, probi- 
ty and powers of intellect, carried him forward to a most 
exalted eminence in the respect and regards of his age 
and generation. When Plenipotentiary at the court of 
France, he was presented to five Sovereigns of different 
empires. 

While the Doctor was Minister in France, in company 
one evening with the aristocratic party of that country, 
the question of free suffrage was argued with great 
warmth; the majority asserting that America could 
never prosper under such democratic rule; for wisdom 
resided only in a very small minority ; after a lengthened 
dispute on that point, it was agreed to be disposed of by 
final vote, by the rising of all in the affirmative : the 
whole assembly, but one, stood up ; " it is a vote," said 
many voices. Franklin exclaimed, ''I rise gentlemen, 
upon your own asserted principle, as the wise minority^ 
to decide the question against you," 

His literary legacies to mankind, in moral Essays, 
extensive researches, with original thoughts and exper- 
iments in Electricity and the Mechanic Arts, are fraught 
with important, useful instruction ; and his life and at- 
tendant honors, should act as a powerful appeal to 
the rising generation, to husband their time, and devote 
it to some useful purpose, that life may be fruitful of 
happiness and honor. 

Josiah and Abiah Franklin came from England to Bos- 



25 

ton, in 1685 : seventeen children were born to them, 
who all grew up to manhood and were wedded, yet no 
one is now living to perpetuate its geneological record. 
The Doctor died April 17, 1790, aged 84 years and 
3 months. 

BOSTON STREETS. 

The uncommonly crooked and narrow streets of Bos- 
ton, is a constant theme for strangers; it seems singular 
that two years after the settlement of Salem and one af- 
ter that of Charlestown, that the authorities of Boston did 
not enter on the duties of the civil engineer, with more 
wisdom than their public avenues indicated. Washing- 
ton, the main street of the place, turned to the east, at 
Kneeland street to the shore, and followed that, as far 
fiouth as Castle street ; then it turned westerly, where 
another line of the street continued to the neck : in 1663, 
this street was continued in one line, after the decease 
of Deacon ColbErn, who had owned the land from the 
eastern to the Western waters. Not a spot did they pre- 
serve for any public square or walk, save that of the 
Common, and that, also, would probably have been ap- 
propriated, had it not have been owned and vacated by 
Wm, Blackstone, an Episcopalian clergyman. Some few 
of their records directed the "payles'^ (fences) to be 
ffnade straight, but their houses and shops, in general, 
were huddled together as if thorough fares and comforta- 
h\e avenues, were of not the least account among them ; 
the expences at this time, 1850, for widening and improv- 
ing the streets are exceedingly great, but in general, the 
amount will be returned by taxes, paid on superior 
touildings, erected on the sites of those removed : the 
^reat error now complained of, is, that the owners of the 
lands, derive more benefit from these improvements, 
^han is properly their share ; as they claim a full esti- 
imate of its present value, w^hen the lot remaining, is 
doubled or threebled in worth, by the improvementspro- 
<duced. 

3 



26 



CITIZEN SOLDIERS. 

The rational claims of the citizen soldier, to a fair and 
commendable position in the public mind, are many and 
M'eighty; it is they only, who can be depended on, at the 
uprising of any formidable body of men : when Wash- 
ington visited Boston in 1789^ in answer to the Govern- 
or's reception address, at the Town house, he remarked; 
"I have observed too, with singular satisfaction, so be- 
coming an attention to the Militia of the State, as pre- 
sents the fairest prospect of support to the invaluable ob- 
ject of national safety and peace ; long may these bless- 
ings be continued to the Commonwealth of Massachu- 
setts : " Whatever encouragement the wisdom of the 
Legislature of the State, may deem proper and prudent 
to be extended towards this '''right arm of our defences'' 
in troublesome times, and for the beauty of our processions 
and holydays, will be fully returned by a patriotic sup- 
port of tiie Laws, for the preservation of peace, and the 
adornment of our social festivities. 

To the young men, the soldier's drill and evolutions, 
are conducive to their own health, activity, manly bear- 
ing and precision ; and if military meetings can be di- 
vested of intoxicating drinks and unnecessary expenses, 
their assemblings would be of great advantage to each 
individual, in addition to its being a public benefit; and 
would become the best school for exercise and gymnas- 
tics ever patronised. 

The different fashions in the practice and details in 
military drill, in ancient and modern times, are exhibited 
by the following description of a military training, given 
in a letter from a Mr. Dunton, who visited Boston, about 
the year 1668, to his friends in England. 

''It is the custom here, for all that can bear arms to go 
out on a training day. I thought a Pike was best for a 
young soldier, so I carried a pike : 'twas the first time I 
ever was in arms. Being come into the field, the Cap- 
tain called us into order, in order to go to prayer, and 
then prayed himself, and when the exercise was done. 



27 

the Captain likewise concluded with a prayer. Solemn 
prayer on the Held upon a training day, I never knew 
but in New England, where it seems it is a common 
cus'jm. About three o'clock our exercise and prayers 
beiig over, we had a very noble dinner, to which all the 
clergy were invited." 

Arthur Perry, in 1640, was Town Drummer for all 
public purposes : there not being a meeting house bell 
in the^town, he supplied that office with his drum to 
collect the congregation together. He joined the An- 
cient and Honorable Artillery Company in that capacity, 
for which yearly services he received £5. The 2d ad- 
ditional musical instrument was a clarionet, performed 
on by a tall, strapping fellow with but one eye, who 
headed the Ancient and Honorables a few strides. A 
band of music was first used in Boston in 1790, at the 
funeral of Col. Joseph Jackson. 

The Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company was 
formed in 1637, and obtained their Charter in 1638, un- 
der the title of '• the Military Company of Massachu- 
setts;" their first Captain was a Bi»stonian ; 1st Lieut., 
from Dorchester: 2d Lieut., Charlestown, and Ensign, 
from Cambridge : the members are principally com- 
missioned officers of the various companies in, and 
contiguous to Boston ; their title has been changed by 
the people, during the 212 years of military duty; and 
the biographical lives of their members are interwoven 
with the historical events and glory of the State. The 
uniforms they appear in, are those of the particular corps 
for which they are commissioned ; their anniversary has 
been highly appreciated by the people, as a very pretty 
and interesting public holyday, for then, the Governor 
of the Slate with his aids, appear in public on the Com- 
mon, to receive the commissions of the officers of that 
company, for the year just passed, and invest those new- 
ly chosen, with a similar panoply for the year ensuing : 
their anniversary occurs on the first Monday in June, 
which has long been noted as a day for showers and 



2S 

mixed gunsliine, taking the starch from the dickeys of 
the boys, and flounces from the girls; it is now a pretty 
settled principle, that they must receive a good portion 
of " Heaven's liquid blessing,'' on that day, but on the 
4th of July, our great national jubilee, we generally 
have a choice day of fine weather. 

Some four years past, it was accounted an unnatural 
wonder, that on the eve of July 4th, an over-gorge of rain 
could descend just as the Fire works were behig let off 
on the Common, making splosh of all the ignitable qual- 
ities of their composition : the blaze and reveberations 
in the upper regions of space, displayed their terrific 
majesty, with zig-zag lightnings and re-echoing thunders; 
and soon the shrill cry of Fire, the rattling oi Engines, 
with blazing torch lights, lent their additional powers to 
make darkness visible, and give an impress to the 
tangled scene, dashing the pop-gun pyrotechnic exhibi- 
tion of man, far into the shadow, if not into the mud of 
the picture. Fault was found with the Clerk of the 
weather, it being rumored that merely on account of 
changing his crown beaver, at ihe last Pavilion Quadrille 
party, and a superior one could not be had of Cook, on 
Court Street, till the fifth, he became wondrous wrathy, 
and burst forth in this scabrous exhibition of ill humor ; 
but he promised to do better for the future, and to give 
through all time as good an element for the glorious 4th 
as he can scare up. 

July 4th, 1850, A% o'clock. Ye unsanctified Gods, 
Mars, Juno and Venus ! jiast as we were penning the 
above description of the disappointment on a previous 
4th, yet anticipating a glorious finish of this day's 
national jubilee, the envious Gods sent over us a mean, 
little, puny, black cloud, from the south, in shape 
something like a "Camel or a (J. C. C.) Whale," which 
poured its rebellious liquid over the Fire works on the 
Common, in gaunt spleen; converfing them into a mushy, 
soft water concoction ; while the pigmy, lilliputian, just 
born cities of Salem, Lowell, and Worcester exhibifions, 



24^ 



"vvere uninjured, and went off with a vivificating sizzle, 
■whizzle and a flam ! here, all our handsome city lads 
had no soul-winning sports, but to sigh, sigh with a-las ! 
■a-lass ! or throw off their own innate scintilations in spark- 
ings, to light up love's social fire works, to a blaze of 
fun, frolick and hilarity 5 they pray the " uncorked bot- 
tles of heaven's liquid blessing\^^ for the future, to be kept 
neck side up, on the fourth, uU the Fire works are over 
^' loves chorus." 

EAST VIEW OF FANEUIL IJALLj IN 1S50. 




The inhabitants of Boston were supplied with meats 
i*iid vegetables at their own doors, until 1734, when by 
3# 



30 

a rote of the towii, a south end, and a north end mar* 
ket, with one in Dock Square, were established ; but so 
dissatisfied were the people wiih this arrangement, that 
the centre market house was destroyed by a mob three 
years afierwardsj the south, altered iulo stores, and that at 
the north taken down, to build a work house with its ma- 
tetials. 

In 1740, Peter Faneuil offered to build a market house 
at his own expense, and present it to the town : his pro*- 
position, on being offered to the people at a public meet- 
ino-. there appeared 360 nays and 367 yeas, giving only 
seven voices majority, for the work to go on ; then, 
Faneuil hall was built of two stories, 40 feet wide, and 
100 feet in length: this was gutted completely by fire, 
Jan. 13, 1761, and repaired March 4, 1763, the expen- 
ses beino- defrayed by a Stale Lottery; in 1805, Faneuil 
hall building W"as enlarged to eiizhty feet in width, and 
twenty feet greater elevation : its length continued at one 
hundred feet. 

GRANITE MARKET HOUSE. 

Boston Granite Market House, at the eastern end of 
Faneuil hall, w^as commenced building Aug. 20, 1824 ; 
its site being reclaimed from the tide waters, at the sug- 
gestions and on the plans of the elder Josiah Qnincy : 
525 feet long ; 50 feet wide : with a center building 
surmounted with an elevated dome: the floor of the mar- 
ket is brick, laid in Roman Cement: occupied by 128 
stalls. Over the market, are two splendid halls : the 
whole expense of the building was upwards of a million 
of dollars: the rents accruing, have netted a full inter- 
est on the outlay, with a yearly overplus, which will soon 
liquidate the whole of the principal. 

Since that date, stores for market places have multi- 
plied in almost every section of the city, one on Beach 
street in the vicinity of the United States Hotel and 
Worcester railroad station, lately erected, ranks high iu 
public estimation. 



31 



FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

The first Conduit or Water Tank formed in Boston for 
holding water to be used in case of fire, was located 
nearly at the western entrance of Ann street, and that 
part of the street was then called Conduit street. This 
Tank was built by funds left by Robert Keayne, first 
commander of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery 
Company. He died March 23, 1656 : his will spread 
over 158' folio pages, in which he iilso bequeathed £500 
towards building a Town House, whichbequest was used 
for erecdng the noted building at the head of State street. 

In after times, wells for water were excavated, for fill- 
ing fire-buckets, to be passed through lanes of men, 
boys, and sometimes women, under the direction of Fire 
Wardens ; the full^ buckets on one side, returned empty 
on the other. In after times, one hundred and thirty-two 
reservoirs were built with brick laid in Roman cement, 
to hold from three to four hundred hogsheads of water 
each, and by a suction hose from a fire engine being 
dropt into it, the engine would supply itself as fast as it 
could play out; and after that date, lanes of men 3.iid fire- 
buckets became obsolete ; and now, since the grand Quo- 
chituat water supply, whose fountain head is 123 feet 
above flood tide ; its innate force and pressure sends forth 
a full stream to the roof of most of the buildings in the 
city ; consequently, the suction hose and reservoirs have 
nearly run their valued course. The city expenses of the 
fire department is rising $50,000 yearly. 

FIRES. 

* 

Boston has ofteri extensively suffered by fire : the first 
fire was March 16, 1631, the chimney of Mr. Thos. 
Sharp's house took fire, ''the splinters not being clayed 
at the top and taking the thatch burnt it down;" the wind 
carried the fire to Mr, Colburn's house which, was also 
burnt. April 17 of the same year, Wm. Cheesborough's 
honse was burnt, ^'all the people being present." 

In 1653, a large conflagration took place near State 
St. ; but this is all the records of that time annoiuice. In 



32 

1679, Aug; 8, 80 houses, 70 warehouses, with eeveral 
vessels were burnt, near the Town dock, on Ann Streetj 
valued at £200,000: in 1690, many buildings were burnt 
on Hanover, near Salem St.: In 1682, Dec. 18, the alms- 
house on Park St. was burnt : rebuilt on the same site, 
in 1686. In 1691, on the 19th of June, many buildings in 
the North Square and on Ann St, were destroyed : March 
11, 1702, an extensive conflagration on Dock Square was 
only stayed j by blowing up three warehouses : — in 1711, 
Oct. 2, a iire commenced in Williams' Court in an 
oakum pickers tenement, where the w^oman sufTered 
the fire •' to catch the oakum she was employed in pick- 
ing of;" all the houses and stores on both sides of Wash- 
ington St. between School St. and Dock Square were 
laid in ashes : the first meeting house : — Four sailors 
ascended the steeple of the church to save the bell : the 
stairs burnt away, the roof fell in, and they were all 
crushed to death : (the rubbish was used to fill up for the 
Long wharf,) ■ — the Town house was burnt out, with 
much damage to buildings on Pudding Lane^ ( Devon- 
shire St.) — Dec. 9, 1747, the Town house at the west end 
of Stale St. was again burnt out : it was rebuilt inside, 
the next year; 

1759, Nov. 14, a fire commenced south of Oliver's 
bridge, Water St. and swept off all the buildings east on 
that street and on Milk St.: about 20 in number. — I66O5 
March 20, A fire lit up on Washington St, where thred 
or four buildings were destroyed : it extended to Long 
wharf and to Fort hill, burning one large ship and eight 
or nine other vessels : the Quaker peeling house on 
Congress Sti 133 dwelling houses : 63 stores : 66 shopsj 
36 barns : a total of 299 buildings : loss estimated at 
£71.112 : 7s. and 3d. 

1791, Jan. 13. A fire burst forth from a shop north of 
Faneuil hall, consuming all the buildings eastward to thd 
dock, with that noble structure, which was a present to 
the town from Peter Faneuil, Sept, 10, 1742: the first 



33 

public use made of the hall was to pronounce a Eulo- 
gy on the character of the generous donor, who died 
about one month after its acceptance by the town. 

1769, Jan. 30, the Jail on Park St. was burnt out: all 
the prisoners being saved. 

1774, May 7. A barrack south of the Town dock took 
fire from cartridges, and devastated 3u buildings : some 
of them contained charitable donations of food, for the 
suffering inhabitants of Boston, while under the military 
power of Lord Howe with his 10,000 British soldiers in 
possession of the town. 

1774, Aug. 10. At 11 o'clock at night a fire com- 
menced in the lower part of a large brick house on Ann 
St., where three woman and two children were burned 
to death, 

1787, April 20. A fire commenced in a malt house 
on Beach St. the wind brisk from the north east commu- 
nicated the flames to many buildings at the same time. 
Hollis St. meeting house, fifty rods from its first eruption, 
was quickly in a blaze, and burnt to its foundation : 100 
buildiugst, 60 of them being costly mansions : on both 
sides of Washington St. from Eliot to Nassau Sts. were 
swept off. 

1794, July 30. The great fire of six rope walks with 
96 buildings on a line with Pearl St. consumed — this 
fire is alluded to on page 16. 

1803, Jan. 15. Daniel Bowen's beautiful museum at 
the corner of Tremont and Bromfield Sis, was consumed, 
and its flames extended to a height to be seen at Ports- 
mouth, a distance of 60 miles ; and in 1807, Jan. 16, 
Bowen & Doyles' museum, where the Savings bank 
building on Tremont St. now stands, next the Chapel 
burial ground, was consumed by fire : the southern wall 
being forced out by the flames, fell into the cemetery 
gcounds and crushed to death a number of young men. 

BOSTON PUBLIC SCHOOLING. 

In 1635, Philemon Purmont was intreated to become 
•an instructor to the young. In 1636, Daniel Mande was 



34 

regularly chosen for that office : and a voluntary sub- 
scription for its support was headed by " the Gov., Mv. 
Henry Vane, Esq., £10." Dep. Gov. John Winthrop £10; 
Mr. Rich'd, Bellmgham, £10. with 42 other names for 
4s. to 30s. each. — In 1641, the income from Deer Island 
W'as devoted to that purpose, and in following years, the 
rents of other islands were added : — £50 with a house, 
was voted to the master^ and £30 to an usher : — In 1647, 
the Gen. Court enacted, that every town with fifty house- 
holders should have a free school^ and if with one hun- 
dred, to have a Grammar school: — the Latin school of 
Boston was founded at this date : — Mr. Woodbridge was 
appointed a teacher in 1644 : Mr. Woodmansey 1650: 
Dan'l Henchman, 1666: — Benjamin Thomson, 1667: — 
Ezekiel Cheever, 1671 : so general an interest was elici- 
ted by the first settlers of Boston concerning free schools, 
that on a sale of a house and shop, by Leonard Buttall, 
(bricklayer) to Richd. Staines, (sailmaker) in 1656, one 
proviso was, '• that the said Staines pay into the school 
at Boston, 6s. 3d. yearly," 

In 1683, the town voted to have a second school : the 
first writing school was opened by John Cole in 1684 : 
a second Latin or grammar school (the Eliot) was opened 
on North Bennet St., Recompense Wadsworth, teacher. 
In 1717 a writing school (the Adams) was opened on 
Mason St., Amos Algier, master: — 1718 a free writing 
school was opened on Tileston St., with Jeremiah Condy 
as teacher : — thei->e five schools were the only public 
sources for education, previous to the revolutionary war ; 
during the sie^e of Boston, they were all closed but one, 
kept by Elias Dupee, who continued to instruct the youth 
gratuitously, which employment gave him peculiar de- 
light : — In 1776 the schools were re-opened : — In 1780, 
the school system was remoddled ; the north Latin school 
was discontinued as such ; the reading department, sepa- 
rated from the writing; the whole placed under the su- 
pervision of a school committee of above fifty persons, 
delegated from the different wards, annually to be chosen. 



35 

"The Board for Primary Schools," was established 
June 11, 1817, being composed of an equal delegation 
from each ward, chosen animally by the people. 

The English Classical, called the High School, com- 
menced in May, 1821, at the Derne St. school house : 
removed to their new edifice, corner of Pinkney and 
West Centre Sts., in 1824. 

All the schools are visited monthly by a sub-commit- 
tee, and semi-annually by the general committee ; the 
summer visitation is characterised as the City's School 
Commencement, when recitations in Latin and English, 
and original compositions are given as specimens of im- 
provement in oratory ; and every other department puts 
forth its worthiest claim, to gain the " Franklin silver 
medal; '' which is awarded to the best three, in every 
school ; and the girls vie with each other for a similar 
token, for the same number, from the City Treasury. 

The number of Primary Schools are 173, at a cost of 
about $60,000 for the teachers, per year. • 

At the period of establishing the College at Cam- 
bridge, a School for Indian children was opened, but the 
advantages of it were not accredited by them, and after 
a fair trial, it was abandor ed. 

The annexed schedule, gives a general view of the 
present situation of the facilities for a good education for 
the rising generation of Boston. 




36 



Returns from the Schools of Boston, July 31, 1850. 



i 1 

CO 5 


^5,204 00 

5,162 00 
6,100 00 
5,726 00 

5,700 00 
5,350 00 
5,346 00 
4,191 00 
4,924 00 
5,908 00 
4,800 00 
7,325 00 
5,934 00 
4,937 00 
5,312 00 
5.200 00 
6,345 00 
1,887 00 
5,000 00 
4,800 00 
6,272 16 
7,910 00 


i 


?2 


•1 s$v < '^'^^'^(^^'^'^'^ooco-^cot-jQD-^ooj^iOrfto 


s 


=" 


■Siaqsn 1 --1 (MfM -i^TH ^^C^^CJtH rH rHf^l^ 


■^ 


•^■qns 1- ^^ ^ ^ ^ojp 


?? 


•>jaisi?|V 1 " " ^' ^' ^ ^^ ^ c^ ^ - - -< ^ ^' =' - ^ ^"-' - ?^ ^ - - 1^ 


4> 


■"'™^|iillill iiiiis ii8i-iS» || 


i 


l^^lo^L 


COCOrr'*COCOTJ<Tl<C»lOrf<COr)<»LO^COCOO ^CO -1 


^ 

o 


rt 

^ 


O 




.t 


CO O}cor-<c)-*o< CO ojo»-*'^jcoo ,-, 


g 


g 


<« bo 


coiocOr-ioJoojt^cocooinOTr'rj^-^^ioGOi-. o 


'5 

i 

1 




llsjilllpliili^iliisl 

J g i S i S 5 . §^-."5 § 2 SS § g i.s^^ o s? ^ 




1 

o 
3 


o 

1 


'.'.'.'.'.','.'.'.'.'.'.'■'.'.'.'■'■'.'.'.'.'.'. 




^ 




15 


1 

.a 

c? 

f 


Suuigdo 
(0 aiT^ci 


CO CO 00 00 00 00 CO CfJ GO l^ 'OO 00 T3 GO CO aj 00 CO 00 CO '7J GO CO 





Deer Island has 68 Boys and 25 Girls. 
Relbrmation School has 117 Boys. 



37 

The best pupils in the High and Latin schools, re- 
ceive their " Commencement medals. " from a fund 
provided by the Hon. AbboV Lawrence, of 2000 dollars 
to each, the interest to be expended for that object. Dr. 
Franklin bequeathed 1000 dollars, the interest of which, 
to be expended for medals to the best pupils in the 
writing and grammar schools, 

$1000 was bequeathed by Rufus Webb : the interest 
of which to purchase books, &c., for the indigent pupils 
of the Franklin school. 

Abiel Smith made a donation of $4,700, the interest 
of which to be appropriated for the free education of the 
colored youths. 



uJ^m^ 



THE STATE HOUSE. 

On the 4th of July, 1795, the corner stone of this agree- 
able and sighdy building on Beacon street, was laid with 
great ceremony : it was drawn to its destined spot by 
fifteen w^hite horses, that being the number of the then 
confederated states; and was laid by his Ex., Gov. Sam'l 
Adams, the hero for liberty; on land formerly owned 
by Gov, Hancock. 

The building is 173 feet front length, and 61 deep; it 
appears externally to be of two stories ; the basement 20 
feet high, and the principal story 30 feet : this on the 
centre front, is continued with an attic, fiO feet front 
length and 20 feet high, covered with a pediment; over 
which is a dome, 50 feet diameter, and 30 feel high, ler- 
4 



38 

minating with a circular look-out-house-lantem, which is 
capped with a gilded cone : the basement story is liiiish- 
ed in a plain, neat manner, with a wing on each side of 
the centre compartments, 39>o feet front length ; the 
centre building is 94 feet, from which in fronr, it has 
a projection of 14 feet, supported by seven arches; af- 
fording support to 8 Corinthian stone columns of thirty 
feet in length, thereby forming a beautilul veranda or 
walk : the corner stone is laid 100 feet above the waters, 
and the cone being 250 feet, makes it the most promi- 
nent object on approaching the City by water or land 
in every direction ; and from its lantern, which is reach- 
ed by 170 steps, one of the most beautiful panoramas 
in the world, presents itself to the eye ; on the east, the 
spacious bay of the city and State, with its variegated 
shipping, water-craft and steamboats ; its hundred Islands 
and Rocks; the country around, filling up the rest of the 
circle; with cultivated farms, hamlets, cottages, splendid 
buildings and country seats, rivers and ponds diversify- 
ing the scene. On the north is Charlestown ; the Navy 
yard. Bunker hill monument. Mediord, &c. ; on the 
north-west, 31^ miles, is the city of Cambridge, with its 
many University halls, its superb and capacious Library 
building; Astronomical Observatory; Botanic garden, 
&c. ; — Watertown, 5 miles ; and Brighton, 7 miles, in 
the west and south-west: — the city of Roxbury, 2 miles, 
Dorchester, 4 ; and Milton, 7 miles, with its forever blue 
encircled hills in the south ; with Braintree and Quinc}', 
8 miles, on the south-east : add to which, seven railroads, 
and seven bridges from Boston, penetrating the adjacent 
country in every direction, rivals that most splendid of 
all panoramas, of nature combined with art, which trav- 
elers have so much lauded in past years as being in the 
bay of Naples : this sight is to be seen from the balcony 
at the top of the dome, free for all visitors who sign their 
name in a book for that purpose, at the foot of the stair- 
way, in the eastern wing. 

The open centre of the first story of the State House, 



BEACON AND MONUMENT ON BEACON HILL. Puffe 39. 




The Tablets bearing the Liscriptions here copied, with the Eagle which 
sunnouiUed the Monument, is preserved in the State Plouse. 



59 

is occupied bj a coiosal statue of Waphington, chiseled 
iVoni Italian marble by Chantry, at a cost of about 15,000 
dollars ; this is free to public inspection. 

A SKETCH OF CHANTRY's WASHINGTON. 




The western part of the first floor, with its basement, 
is improved by the Secretary of State and for the Adju- 
tent General's office : the eastern wing of the first story, 
with a finely lighted basement room, is improved with 
the Library belonging to the State : — the Land office and 
the State Treasurer's room, — the second story of the 
east wing is divided into convenient sized committee 
rooms, and over those rooms is the splendid Senate 
Chamber. Between the eastern and western wing is the 
Representatives Chamber, being about 55 feet square, 
and in height terminaUng with the dome of the build- 
ing : — in the western wing are numerous lobby rooms on 
the second floor, for committees. &c. On the third floor 
of the west wing, is the Governor's room and ante-cham- 
ber; the fourth story is divided into three large commit- 
tee rooms: the buildino- cost $ 133,333,33, and was first 
occupied in June, 1798. 

Beacon Hill was north-east of the State House, about 
200 feet ; its elevation was above the roof of that pub- 
lic building ; on top of the hill in 1635, was a beacon 
.Mipportina; a tar-barrel, to have been set on fire if Boston 



40 

should be attacked or beseiged : but the oocasion for 
this notice to the surrounding country never happened. 
The beacon was blown down in 1789, and in its 
place, a plain Doric column of brick and stone, encrusted 
with cement, with a large gilt Eagle at its top, was erect- 
ed ; its elevation 60 feet — diameter 4 feet — pedestal 8 
feet. The hill was 138 feet above high water mark, of 
a sugarloaf form ,• — on the four pedestal sides of the col- 
umn were statistical records of important events in the 
history of this country, — viz., on the south tablet, "To 
commemorate that train of events, which led to the 
American Revolution, and finally secured liberty and 
independence to the United States, this column is erect- 
ed bv the voluntary contributions of the citizens of Bos- 
ton, MDCCXC. 

On the west side : — Stamp Act passed 1765, repealed 
1766, Board of Customs established 1767. British troops 
fired on the inhabitants, March 5, 1770. Tea destroyed 
in Boston, Dec. \6. Port of Boston shut and guarded, 
June 1, 1774. General Congress at Philadelphia, Sept. 
4. Provincial Congress at Concord, Oct. 11. Battle of 
Lexington, April 19, 1775. Battle of Bunker Hill, June 
17. Washington took ■ command of the Army July 2. 
Boston evacuated. March 17, 1776. Independence de- 
clared by Congress, July 4, 1776. Hancock President. 

On the north side : — Capture of Hessians at Benning- 
ton, Aug. 16, 1777. Capture of army at Saratoga, Oct. 
17.' Alliance with France, Feb. 6, 1770. Confedera- 
tion of the United States^ formed, July 9. Constitution 
of Massachusetts, formed 1780. Bowdoin, president of 
Convention. Capture of British Army at York, Oct. 19, 
1781. Preliminaries of Peace, Nov. 30, 1782. Definitive 
Treaty of Peace, Sept. 1783. Federal constitution form- 
ed Sept. 17, 1787, and ratified by the United States, 1787 
to 1789. New Congress assembled at New York, April 
16, 1789. Washington inaugurated President, April 30. 
Public debts, funded, Aug. 4, 1790 : and on the east side, 
AMERICANS; while from this eminence^ scenes of 



4! 



lUXURIENT FERTILITY, OF FLOURISHING COxMMERCE, AND 
THE ABODES OF SOCIAL HAPPINESS MEET YOUR VIEW, 
FORGET NOT THOSE, WHO, BY THEIR EXERTIONS, HAVE 
SECURED TO YOU THESE BLESSINGS. 

At the cutting down of Beacon Hill for building lots, 
the four tablets w^ere preserved and are to be seen in the 
eastern v. ing of the State House, 

THE PROVINCE HOUSE, 1668. 

This is a large brick building in the rear of stores, 
opposite the western end of Milk Street; it is of three 
stories ] fifiy feet back faom Ne\vbury (Washington) St. ; 
it had a pretty lawn or garden-plat in front, with an iron 
rail fence ; at the gate of which, two large trees im- 
parted an agreeable shade and beauty to the place ; the 
house was ascer.^led by a flight of about twenty stone 
steps, a cupola surmounted the roof, which supported a 
bronzed figure of an Indian chief, with a Bow and Arrow 
as a vane ; who, 'Svhen he heard the bell ring for din- 
ner, invariably fired oif his arrow and came down for his 
lunch;" this was told to little men and icomen. many of 
whom have narrowly watched for that event, only to be 
grievously disappointed : the front of the house was dec- 
crated with the King's arms, richly carved and gih; this 
work is preserved in the hall of the Historical Society: 
the estate was a gift from the State, to the Massachusetts 
General Hospital, and the trustees of that institution leas- 
ed it for 99 years : places for trade and business, have 
been erected on its front garden-plat, preventing its be- 
ing seen, short of entering Province-house court : on a 
rail which surmounts the balustrade over the portico, are 
these letters and figures, 16. P. S., 79, which probably 
gives the date of its erection, 

CHARLESTOWN BRIDGE, 1786. 

The ever busy and enterprising people of Boston, not 
yet recovered from the dire effects of a seven years' war, 
which was but closed in 1783, undertook a remarkably 

4* 



42 

important and expensive public work, and one quite 
problematical as to its favorable results , — that of erecting 
a Bridge across ihe deep waters between Boston and 
Charleslown : it was the hrst ever attempted in America: 
John Hancock. Thomas llussellj Nathl. Gorham, Eben'r 
Parsons, and others, were incorporated for completing 
that grand project, March 9, 1785 ; and on the 17th of 
Jutie, 1786, it was completed and opened for passengers; 
salutes of 13 guns were fired from Bunker and Copp's 
hill at sum-ise : the eight bells of Christ's church gave a 
mierry peal with national airs ; and great preparations 
were made for a day of social joyful festivity; at one 
o'clock, the proprietors assembled at the Old Town 
House, and they, with the branches of the legislature and 
citizens, were escorted by the military, for a dedication 
of the bridge, when a salute was lired from the Castle : 
on their arrival at the bridge, the military opened right 
and left for the procession to pass through, as far as the 
drawoftlie bridge, which was up; the president of the 
corporation directed the draw to be lowered ; when a sa- 
lute from Copp's Hill, with shouts from 20,000 freemen 
made the welkin ring : the procession again formed, and 
ascended Breed's Hill, where another salute greeted 
them, and perhaps best of all, a plentiful dinner, "fit for 
the gods," on two tables of 220 feet length each : 800 
sat down to the feast and the flow of wit and sentiment 
closed the scene of festivity and sobriety at 6 o'clock. 

The abutment on the Charlestown •^ide, from the land- 
ing, was 100 feet: space to the first pier, 1G}4 leet : 36 
piers at equal distances to the draw, 622}^4 leet ; draw 
30 feet: 39 piers on Boston side (572 feet; space to the 
abutment lf)>< feet; from that to the landing 45)^ feet; 
whole length 1503 feet. 

The bridge is on 75 ranges of piers, each composed of 
seven heavy sticks of oak timber, united by a cap piece 
with strong braces and girts; the piers connected to each 
other by large string pieces and covered with four inch 
plank ; the bridge is 42 feet wide, with a railed foot pas- 



sage of 6 feet on each side ; the centre of the bridge is 
two feet higher than at the ends : the whole lighted by 
40 handsome lamps : four sti-bng stone wharves connect- 
inu' with three piers each, are built at the sides of the 
bridge, to add to its strenuth, and for a convenience in 
landing lumber, &c.: the floor of the bridge, at the high- 
est tide, is four feet above the water ; which generally 
rises, from 12 to 14 feet : the longest pier is 47 leet : the 
cost of the bridge about $50,000, divided into 150 shares: 
the tolls doubled on Sundays, and forty years allowed for 
the extent of the charter; paying yearly to the College 
at Cambridije, $666,66 in consideration of their income 
loss, from ferrage, which was in their own right. 

The forty years was subsequently extended to seventy, 
on account of buildins; Cambridge bridge, and the double 
toll discontinued : We have been thus particular in 
these details, considering the work at that time a great 
undertakmg, and presuming it will interest the sons, by 
showing the enterprise, foresight and public spirit of the 
father's- for that property has netted so large an income, 
that the shares have been sold from 2500 to 3000 dol- 
lars each. 

This bridge became unproductive in 1828, on account 
of building Warren toll-free bridge, and its draw was 
raised for a permanency. In 1839 a violent storm drove 
the ship Columbiana from her moorings in Charlestown, 
staving her through four ranges of the piers: in 1840, 
the Legislature of Mass. purchased the franchise and 
properties of the biidge, at 30.000 dollars, and " resolv- 
ed " that the two Bridges should be put in the best state 
of repair and a sufficient toll taken, to pay the cost of 
the old britige : the repairs on both, with an extra fund, 
the interest of which would forever keep them in good 
order; at this time both the Charlestown and Warren 
Bridges are free from toll. 

Cambridge Bkidge, built in 1793, and Cragie's 
BuiDGE to East Cambridge, in 1807, with an arm to the 
Slates Pri.-ron at Charlestown, have been purchased by a 



44 

company, to be made free Bridges as soon as the tolls 
taken, become ample to pay for their cost, with a capital 
in addition, the interest of which will keep them always 
in good repair ; w^hich grand desideratum may probably 
be accomplished by the year 1855, and then all the ave- 
nues from Boston will be free from toll, excepting the Mill 
Dam from Beacon Street to Brighton : the tolls taken at 
this avenue have been so little in amount, that on a prop* 
osition being made to the Proprietors at a regular meet- 
ing, but one or two votes have been the cause of that Av- 
enue not being free for some years past ] and when all 
other roads can be passed by travelei-s, without any tax 
or toll being required, the traveling there, will not be o.f 
sufficient amount to make the collection^ and of course 
that road must also be made free. 



Was incorporated Feb. 19, 1794; its library compris- 
es about 8000 volumes, and its museum is rich, exten- 
sive, and is highly valued as a medium of conferring a 
great amount of pleasure and happiness to its reading 
community. This society has published 22 octavo vol- 
umes of its transactions and original productions, which 
are valuable to the scientitic researcher: the hall for 
their meetings, with their library and museum, is ov6r 
the Savings bank, next north of the Chapel burial ground 
on Tremont St., in the building with the American 
Academy of Arts and Sciences. The number of the so- 
ciety (unfortunately for the public) is limited to sixty 
members: consequently the changes, and also, the im* 
provements made, are slow : the fee for membership is 
^8, with a yearly assessment of ^3. 

THE BOSTON LIBRARY SOCIETY, FRANKLIN PLACE, 

Was incorporated June 17; 1794. — The object of this 
association was to collect those works in general litera- 
ture and the sciences, which were at too much cost for 



45 

ndividual purchase, and their enterprise and diligence 
lave brought together rising 12,000 volumes, including 
1 good selection from French authors : the extensive 
•ange of literary produ'^tions in this library, amply sup- 
ply the desires and wants of every reading family, and 
here cannot be any richer fountain for enlightening in- 
■ormalion to be enjoyed, at so litde expense. 

Their building in the centre of the south range of 
iwellings, in FraiilJin Place, was a noble gift to this 
md to the Historical Society, unitedly; the late Chas. Bul- 
tinch, aiid other gi'-tleraen, who caused the Tontine 
buildings (Franklin Place) to rise up, on the basis of 
loseph Barren's pond of water, in 1793 ; thereby dating 
the first blocks of buildings, ever built in Boston : the 
building is now owned by the Boston Library Associa- 
tion, they having purchased the right of the Historical 
Society. 

, The shares in this library are held at S25,00, but are 
!)ften purchased of individuals at $15,00: there is then, 
|m annual assessment of S3 only, for the expenses and 
^Dreservation of, and for additions to be made to the col- 
lection of volumes. 

i BOSTON ATHENJEUM, BEACON STREET. 

I For several )'ears a literary periodical, entitled the 
jVlonthly Anthology, had been conducted with uncom- 
mon acumen by a society of gentlemen, who issued pro- 
)Osals in 1806, for establishing a public reading room at 
en dollars per year, to suL'Scribers ; this was so exten- 
ively patronised, they concluded to add a library thereto : 
n a little time they collected a thousand volumes, and 
hen elected trustees for their infant institution ; first lo- 
cated it on Congress St,: after a time, in ScoUay's build- 
ing : in 1810, on Common St., north of the Chapel bury- 
ing ground: in 1822 on Pearl St.. and in 1849, in their 
new edifice on Beacon St., where its favo'-able location, 
and conveniences of arrangement, must afford a most 
suitable retirement from the bustle and noise from public 



46 

business roads : and with a large open area of ground in 
its rear, covered with trees and foliaoe^ which will prob- 
altly be one monitory blank space in the topography of 
the ciry, even unto the end of generations to come, it be- 
ing a dormant cemetery. 

Hon. James Perkins in 1822, presented to the society, his 
princely' estate on Pearl Street, and the proprietors then 
raised ^45,000 fur building suitable halls tor an exhibition 
of paintings and statuary. Thomas Handasyde Perkins, 
brother of James, and James Perkins, Jr., with John 
Broinfield, were generous donors to this growing institu- 
tion, which is destined to be the pride of the City, in all 
that pertains to its Literature and fine arts. 

Augustus Thorndike presented a valuable collection 
of Casts, from celebrated Statues, and Geo. Watson Brim- 
mer, a magnificent collection of volumes on the Fine 
Arts. Their Library now contains 37.000 volumes and a 
choice and valuable collection of Statuary and Casts : 
their real and personal property is valued at $ 342,000 : 
Wm, Smith Shaw, deceased, was the most active pion- 
eer and importunate agent on commencing and advanc- 
ing this momentous and interesting undertaking. 

A share in the Athena3um is held at S 300. which is 
entitled to three tickets of admission ; a ticket for life is 
$ 100 ; and any number of strangers can be admitted to 
its privileges, if they reside 20 or more miles from Bos- 
ton, for the space of one month, by any holder of one of 
the above tickets : yearly subscribers pay $10 per year. 
The Library and Reading room is open from 8 A. M. till 
9 P. M., every week day, and on the eve of Sunday. A 
season ticket to their antmal exhibition of Paintings and 
Sculpture, for one person, is 50 cents, and for a single 
admission, 25 cents. This beautiful exhibition commen- 
ces in May and closes in September. 

THE STATE LIBRARY, 

Is in the eastern wing of the State House, occupying 
the well lighted basement and the story above it, com- 



47 



E rising 7.000 volumes: it is open during a session of the 
egislature; every week day, Ironi 9 A. M. till evening, 
except the afternoon of Saturday; expressly for the ben- 
etit of members of the Executive, Legislative, and Judi- 
cial branches of the government; and from 8 A. M, till 
;2 P. M. daily, when the Legislature is not in session. 

i BOWDITCH FREE LIBRARY, OTIS PLACE. 

The first free library ever known to be established 
in Boston, was founded in 1839, by Dr. Henry L Bow- 
ditch : free to all who will comply with the few simple 
regulations for its safety and perpetuity. It comprises 
about 3000 volumes, at the residence of the Dr.. No. 8 
Otis Place, and volumes are delivered every Friday, 
from 3 to 5 o'clock, P. M. 

THE MERCANTILE LIBRARY ASSOCIATON^ EROMFIELD ST. 

Was founded March 10, 1820, for mutual benefits 
imong Merchants' apprentices, and during its growth 
)f twenty-eiglit years, hundreds of its members have 
•cached manhood, ripened by its means and qualified 
"or managing a commercial trade. This association has 
•eceived a friendly aid and countenance from the mer- 
3hants, and at this date, is on a very respectable stand- 
ng : its library numbers about 9000 volumes, with about 
.^16,500 funded property. 

Merchants' apprentices, are all fair candidates for ad- 
nission, on the presentation of some useful volume to the 
. ibrary, and $2 per year, towards the expenses and sup- 
; )ort of the institution. Their rooms on Bromfield St. are 
i)pen every week day, from 1 till 10 o'clock, P.M. 
jcientific lectures are delivered to the Association, 
veekly, during the four winter months. 

FREE LIBRARY FOR THE CITY OF BOSTON. 

The City authorities have appropriated §2,500 for 
bunding a free City Library for the benefit of all the in 
labitants ; and some few volumes in the French lan- 
ruage have been presented for the same purpose, by Mr, 
i/attemaie. Our worthy Mayor, John P. Bigelow, (a, 

i 



48 

true chip from the old block — Hon. Timothy Bigelow, of 
Medford,) having suited the citizens exactly at the head 
of their municipal atfairs, they privately contributed 
one thousand dollars for the purchase of silver plate, to 
be presented to him : the affair early reaching his ears, 
he promptly declined accepting that specified donation • 
the amount then being tendered him for any other object, 
he generously added it to the commencing funds for the 
citizens public free library. 

There are a few noble souls yet of the old stamp, ca^ 
pable and willing, who, if they gave a thought to this 
subject, would come ft. .vavd and contribute to this litera- 
ry fund. Come forth, ye scions of a patriotic race — come 
forth ! and build a living perennial fount of knowledge 
and intelligence^ broad and expansive as your noble 
Quochituat, diffusing its invaluable and untold blessings 
through the perecraniums of the people, so long as the 
city may endure. 

MECHANIC apprentices' LIBRARY, PHILLIPS' PLACE. 

Was founded by Mr. Wm. Wood, Feb. 22, 1S20 : un- 
der the fostering wing of the Mass. Charitable Mechan- 
ic Association. This well conducted institution has been 
very serviceable in storing the mind of its young mem- 
bers with valuable knowledge and enlightening the craft 
on scientific subjects. 

Their library is on Phillips Place, Tremont St., and 
numbers 6,000 volumes; is open on Tuesday and Sat- 
urday evenings : and Friday evening is devoted to elocu- 
tionary exercises. Terms for membership, one dollar per 
year_, and membership of the Elocution school 25 cents. 
The periodicals of the day and newspapers are on file 
in their Reading room. 

CIRCULATING LIBRARIES, 

Are located as follows : H. G. Callender, 
"E. P. Peabody, Foreign Library, 13 West St. ; C. Moore, 



49 



436 Washington St. Thos. 0. Walker, 68 Comhill. T. 
Hiller, 123 Hanover St. Mary Ashly, 124 Charles St. 
Boston library, 111 Washmgton St. Burnham & Broth- 
ers, 60 Cornhill. 

The New England Geneological Society, was 
founded in 1845, and connected therewith, at No. 21 
Court square, is their library. The main purpose of this 
institution, is collecting for preservation, all old ancient 
records, maps, writings, &c., of the past and passing 
years, relating particularly to our State and country. 

They issue a valuable Historical and Geneological Reg- 
ister, quarterly, at two dollars per year; Samuel G. 
Drake, Esq. editor, which is worthy of extensive patron- 
age and support, and a place in every library. 

ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 

The American Academy of Arts and Sciences, was 
founded in 1779, and chartered ]\lay 4, 1780. Much 
public and private good has been effected by this an- 
cient literary and scientific instilution : the many quarto 
volumes issued of their doings and transactions, are mon- 
uments of learned achievements in the Arts and Sci- 
ences; iheir library numbers over 6000 volumes of choice 
productions on all the useful subjects they are bound to 
promote, which is located in the granite building, next 
north of the Chapel burial ground on Tremont St:, where 
the Society hold their meetings. 

BOSTON SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY, 

In the winter of 1830, a few gentlemen of scientific at- 
tainments conceived the design of forming a Society, in 
Boston, for the promotion of Natural History. After sev- 
eral preliminary meetings, and communicating their de- 
signs to others, who they supposed would be'favorably 
disposed toward them, a meeting was called on the 28th 
of April, 1830. It was organized by the choice of Dr. 
Walter Channing as Moderator, and Theophilus Parsons, 
Esq., as Secretary. Then they resolved to form them- 
5 



50 

selves into a Society under the name of the '^ Boston So- 
ciety of Natural History." On the 6.th of May, a Consti- 
tution and Bye-laws were adapted; and on the 13th of 
the same month, officers were chosen. An Act of Incor- 
poration was obtained at the next session of the Legisla- 
ture, and bears date, February 24, 1831. 

The great object had in view, in the formation of the 
Society, was to promote a taste and afford facilities for 
the pursuits of Natur?^ History by mutual cO'Opera*ion, 
and the collection of a Cabinet and Library. But it has 
always been understood, that special attention should be 
given to the investigation of the objects in our own im- 
immediate vicinity. 

This Institution is now permanently established in 
Mason street, having purchased the estate formerly own- 
ed and occupied by the Massachusetts Medical College. 
The building and necessary alterations to adapt it to the 
purposes of the Institution, cost about $30,000, which 
sum was obtained by subscription from the liberal citi- 
zens of Boston. 

Any one becoming a member of this association, is 
subjected to a fee of five dollars, and a yearly assess- 
ment of three dollars. Any member paying into the 
treasury, thirty dollars, will be exempted from annual 
assessments. Public lectures are annually given by the 
society, on the several branches of Natural History, which 
are free to the members of the association. 

Every Wednesday, all who desire it, have free access 
to the cabinet. Strangers visiting the city, who cannot 
conveniently come on that day, can obtain admission at 
any time, by application to any officer of the Society. 
There are nine rooms in the building, one of which is oc- 
cupied by the Library, and each of the others by objects 
of interest in the different departments of natural history. 
The Society has published five octavo volumes of the 
Boston Journal of Natural History, each illustrated by 
costly engravings. They have also published three vols, 
octavo, of proceedings at their semi-monthly meetings. 



51 

Both these publications contain contributions from our 
most distinguished naturalists. 

The officers elected at the last annual meeting in May, 
were as follows : 

John C. Warren, President ; C. T Jackson, D. H. Slorer, Vice Pres- 
idents ; J. Eliot Cabot. Corresponding Secretary ,• Samuel L. Abbott, 
Recording Secretary ; Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, Treasurer ; C. K. Dillaway, 
Librarian; C. C. Sheafe, Cabinet Keeper. 

C ORATORS — J. E. Teschemacher, ot" Botany ; Francis Alger, Miner- 
alogy: Samuel Kneeland, jun., Comparative Anatomy ; W. J. Burnett, 
Eulomolog-y ; W. O. Ayers, Icthyology ; Jeffries Wyman, Herpetology; 
T. T. Bouvie, Geology; Saml. Gabot, jun, Orinthology ; William 
Read, Conchology. 

PaBLisHixG Committee— D. H. Storer, Jeffries Wyman, C. K. Dil- 
away, S. L Abbott, Samuel Kneeland, jun. 



Was instituted March 15, 1795. This institution com- 
prises many hundreds of our most ingenious and respect- 
able mechanics, and as a society, has done miuch for their 
individual benefit in raising the various useful crafts to 
an honorable standing in the community, and achieved 
important results and advantages to the public at large, 
by a triennial concentration of the best productions of 
genius in every department of the useful and fine Arts, 
by a great and glorious Fair, which once in every three 
years, fills the eye with delight by its grandeur, and the 
heart with a patriotic impulse of gratitude, and their own 
coffers with a fair compensation; the last year, 1850, 
their seventh fair was opened with a generous display 
of the neat€st handy-work of artists and aitizans, in ev- 
ery department of choice work, accomplished by man or 
woman, in Faneuil and Quincy Halls. 

THE MASSACHUSETTS HUMANE SOCIETY. 

This Society was established Feb. 23, 1791. The ob- 
ject of its formation was to resusitate life in any person 
who, by any accident, may appear suddenly to be inert 
and lifeless; to encoarage all rational means for restor- 
ing them to animated life, and to award medals of silver 
or gold, to all persons who may be the cause of saving 
any of his fellow creatures from drowning or other sud- 
den death. See further remarks with a list of its officers. 



52 



MASSACHUSETTS FIRE SOCIETY. 

Was iucorpoiaied June 25, 1794. Its founders eslab- 
ished this society on the broad basis for affording relief 
to unfortunate sufferers by fire in any part of the State, 
and to reward the inventor of any useful machine for ex- 
tinguishing fires, and to patronise any one making ex- 
traordinary exertions in such a time of calamity. 

A HOUSE FOR DESTITUTE CHILDREN AND FEMALES. 

A Society for aftbrding a home to destitute children 
and females, supported by subscription, went into opera- 
tion in Jan. 1847: their house is 26 Albany Street ; Mrs. 
Gwynn is matron. From 12 to 20 have been there pro- 
vided for at a time, when from any sudden occurrence, 
they had been deprived of a home or shelter. It is un- 
der the government of 24 managers, and report speaks 
favorably of the aid and benefits conferred, having been 
judicious and opportune. Such a society must be deem- 
ed most worthy of support. 

ladies' home EDUCATION SOCIETY AND TEMPERANCE UNION. 

This Ladies' society was formed in 1835, for aiding 
indigent parents to give a proper education to their chil- 
dren, to provide them partially or wholly with clothes, 
food and schooling, and attend to their wants in sickness 
or in health. 

There are numerous widows, with one or more young 
children, whose means are not adequate to clothe, feed 
and send them to school, and if such sympathetic aid 
should be withheld, they surely would grow up with 
apparent neglect: in such sad cases, this notable Society 
of notable women, offer their services as far as in their 
power. 

They now have twenty-three chddren at their Home, 
11 Hudson street, under their immediate, especial care, 
support and protection, and if means could be realized 
for such a result, as many hundreds would partake of 
their bounties and receive instruction. The numerous 



4 




53 

laboring but ambitious mothers, who cannot gratify their 
hearts' best wishes for their offspring but in a very scanty 
degree, here can place their young in safety, for hours, 
■days, months or years, as the parent may choose, and the 
best care taken of them ; tho' if the parent can assume 
any part of the expenses, it will be received to be laid 
■out in aid to others who may be in equal need. 

Mrs. Ebenezer Hayward is President of the Institution, 
and has been in some official capacity since the formation 
of the Society in 1835, te the present time. The Society 
was incorporated 1^50, April 18. 

The kind attention of the patriot and philanthropist is 
claimed in their behalf, to the Governess and her charge, 
to strengthen the .power of the former, to save and pro- 
tect many, very many of the forlorn youths, and guide 
them in the paths of virtue, and nurture them with in- 
telligence and in the principles of morality ; if either 
'of the official agents — Mrs. L. Severance, or Mrs. P. 
Holway — offer for sale the periodioal of the Association, 
bearing their official title, be sure to buy that freely ; 
and if convenient, add another moiety, for the aid it will 
perhaps give to save some youth from ruin and disiirace, 
and convert him or her to the correct habits of social 
society. 

BOSTON FEMALE ASYLUM, 

Was instituted Sept. 25, 1800. This society was 
formed by a number of eminent ladies for the charitable 
and ennobling purpose of relieving, instructing, em- 
ploying, assisting and protecting female orphan chil- 
dren. They were incorporated ^Feb. 26, 1803-. their suc- 
cess in rescuing from ruin the fatherless childen of the 
city, has equalled the most benevolent expectations of 
its founders ; thousands of little parentless girls have 
heen protected and supported by them through the weak 
and helpless years of childhood, and placed honorably 
in society as worthy and valued members. Their as}"- 
fiuna was located at the corner of Lincoln Street, bttt ^^ 



54 

moved in 1846, to a spacious edifice on Washington St. 
built by their munificence and a determination to do 
their full share of good with the patriots of the day. 

On placing the corner slone of their new building on 
its allotted spot, an engraved plate with the following re- 
cord was imbedded there in proper from, viz. — 

l^o.sToN Femalk Asylum for Okphax\ Children, Founded A.D. 
1800 ;— Incorporated, 1803. This house was erected A. D. 1844, by aid 
of liberal contributions fron\ citizens of Boston, under the superintend- 
ence of Wm. Lawrence, Henry Hall, George C. Shattuck, and Thomas 
B. Wales. Architect, Isaiah Rogers. Present C)tlicers of the Society, 
Mrs. Wm. Prescott, 1st Directress. Mrs. Charles Tracy. 2d Directress. 
Mrs. Mary Otis, Treasurer. Mrs. Thomas B. Wales Sec'y- Mana- 
gers — Mrs. Amos Lawrence, Mrs. Isaac Mansfield, Mrs. B. T. Pick- 
man, Mrs. Wm. Reynolds, Mrs. Henry Hall, Mrs. Charles Barnard, 
Mrs. B. T. Reed, Mrs. J. K. Mills, Mrs. (J. C. Shattuck, Miss M. F. 
Lamb, Mrs. Albert Fearing, Miss Jane Wigglesworth. 

PENITENT FEMALE SOCIETY. 

A '^ Female Society for Missionary purposes, " for 
many years had been in operation^ and on account of the 
duties and wants appertaining to their field of labors, 
was formed a separate institution, undeV the title of the 
'^Auxiliary Society to the Penitent Female Refuge Soci- 
ety." This branch of the original Female Society com- 
menced their philanthropic labors in 1825, auxiliary to 
the gentiemen's " Penitent Female Refuge Society, " 
which was formed in 1821. Here Was an union of all 
that is great, good and beautiful, for the exertions of phi- 
lanthropic minds. For a number of years these two aids 
in the cause of moral training, by educational tasks and 
religious instructions, accomplished many uncommon 
reformations, steadfast and immoveable; but the field of 
duty rapidly extended beyond their- sustaining means; 
yet their hands were strengthened, aad their hopes crown- , 
ed with encouragement to go on, and save from polluted 
destruction, such as they could bring within their kind 
parental and purifying atmosphere of religious and mor- 
al instruction. 

The exertions made in behalf of the institution in 1845, 
enabled them to build a suitable edifice on land given 
by the city for that purpose, and since then their labors 



55 



ol Love and Meroy have been often met with a response 
from many who had a grateful sense of the commissera- 
tion and kindness extended towaitls, heretofore lost, but 
now saved sinners, in both a moral and religious sense. 

The anuual payment for membership to this Associa- 
tion of ladies, is one dollar, and twenty-tive dollars con- 
stitutes a membership tor life. 

Their new house is on Rutland Street, rear of the 
Stone Church; JNliss Rowland, Matron : there are about 
14 women now in charge of the establishment for a re- 
form. 

OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION. 
Mrs. Wm. Miiiot, President ; Mrs. Norman Seaver, Vice President ; 
Mrs. M. L. O'Brien, Secretary; Miss M. C. Smith, Treasurer; Miss 
Georgina Otis, Ass't Secretary. Managers- — iMrs. Daniel P. Parker, 
Mrs Nathan Guniey, Mrs. J. 0. Proctor, Mrs. Parker Fowle, Miss Sa- 
rah Slocker, Mrs. Eben. Smith. Mrs. 0. S. Drury, Mrs. Lemuel Shaw, 
Mrs. Richard E. Eddy, i\[rs. Edward S. Rand, Mrs. Samuel L. Gould, 
Mrs. Arthur Wilkinson, Mrs. H. B. Emerson, Mrs. Francis O. Watts. 

NEW ENGLAND FEMALE MORAL REFORM SOCIETY. 

In the year 1839 a number of ladies formed an associ- 
ation for the benevolent purpose of assisting and reclaim- 
ing from the paths of folly and vice, the many young and 
unprotected females who throng the city for employ- 
ment. There is generally in the youthful mind and 
feelingSj powerlul incentives to error ; to depart from the 
sober and steady course through life marked out by wis- 
dom and experience, and many are allured to participate 
in some present beckoning pleasure, which weakens the 
confidence of friends and the elevating, sustaining con- 
sciousness of innate innocence : the ladies moral reform 
ASSOCIATION, on all occasions of this nature, which may 
come to their knowledge, exercise their benevolent exer- 
tions for their reformation at their appropriated Reform 
house; afibrding them shelter and support, with mater- 
nal solicitude for their future rectitude of conduct and 
usefulness ; the number assisted by the society, the past 
year, was 257, and of that number, 117 are known lobe 
doing well in conduct ; some of whom have received 
protection and support at various times. 



That this society has done much jrood, there is abund- 
ant evidence in the change of habits and manners of 
many of the females ; thereby showing, that ttiey put a 
higher estimate on life and its uses, than to shorten it by 
intemperance and vice, and embitter its days with sad 
violations of the laws of God and man, of nature and of 
reason : when they seem also to realize, that the bodily 
system for a time, may seem to withstand the trials it is 
doomed to endure from reckless indulgences, yet, that 
the debtor and credit side of the account is being pretty 
regularly kept, and that a reckoning may, and will be 
called for, by sickness, a puined system, and perhaps by 
death. 

The noblest ladies of this democratic land, can never 
tlevote their time or their funds, for greater blessings 
to the community, or add more real dignity or honor to 
themselves, than in their holy, benificent exertions, m 
saving from total depravation, the younger members of 
their sex, who may have swerved, and perhaps with the 
strongest of temptations, in some instances, from the nar- 
row and strict moral path of purity and spotless inno- 
cence : "While there is life, there is hope," says the 
medical faculty, and the same must be tiue in all m^Dr- 
al philosophy^ 

The Ladies Moral Reform Association is governed by a 
President Mrs. John Kilton : — 25 Vice Presidents — 9 
Managers — an Executive Committee of 9 — Secretaries, 
'&c- : all acting under the influence of one of their beau^ 
tiful resolves, viz. " that would we raise the fallen we 
must sympathize with them." 

The Society's Reform building is No. 98 Tyler Street, 
Mrs. Blaisland, Matron ; and their office for help, is at 
13 Bedford Street, Mrs. H. B. Emerson, Agent: during 
the past year, 1169 families have been supplied with 
kelp through their office, and 1205 females provided 
with employment. 

THE STRANGERS RETREAT. 

This establishment is for the convenience and protec- 



57 



tion of females, coming to the city for employment, and 
where ladies, on business, may find a safe and quiet re- 
treat, at a reasonable charge. It was commenced and 
is yet governed by the m:w England female moral 
REFORM SOCIETY, and has been the means of doing much 
good, in protecting young females, destitute of the means 
of support and assisting them to situations where they 
can take care of themselves. The Strangers Retreat is 
at No. 6 Columbia Street; Mrs. Cummings, Matron; 
the asking price for board, , is" ^> 1.50 per week, for those 
having means to meet it ; yet its doors are freely opened 
to the seeker for protection^ during all the untoward cir- 
cumstances which may attend females in the pursuit of 
an honorable and moral lile — the insdlution is full wor- 
thy ot the confidence of those whose aid it is desirous of, 
and merits the benificent care and support from the af- 
fluent, religious, philandiropic and moral part of the 
community. 

BOSTON SEAMAN'S FRIEND SOCIETY. 

For nineteen years this society has continued to be- 
friend the seamen by acts of kindness and instruction : 
they commenced religious services in the arched build- 
ing on Central wharf in 1828, land built a mariner's 
Church on Purchase St. in 1830, size, 46 by 60 feet: 
this association for the benefit of the mariner, 'was but 
the second formed on this continent, and they have been 
the cause of great good to that portion of our Citizens : 
in 1845, they erected a stately edifice for boarding mar- 
iners, affording them as great conveniences and comfort- 
able lodgings, as is enjoyed by others . the house is at 
the corner of Belrnont and Purchase street : it contains 
91 rooms: Reading room. Dining room and parlors in- 
cluded : forty-three of the rooms have been furnished by 
ladies' associations or by individual ladies, and each is 
tided over the door, with a name given to it by the kind 
donor : on the top of the build inir is an observatory afford- 
ing a view of die harbor and of the surrounding country : 



58 



this is truly a comfortable house for the mariner, and 
the society must unavoidably be the means of accom- 
plishing a vast amount oi good in their day and genera- 
tion. IThe annexted cut gives a good view of the 

SEAMENS'S HOME, PURCHASE STREET. 




THE SEAMENS'S AID SOCIETY. 



This society is composed of about 500 Ladies v^hose be- 
nevolence and patriotism prompts them to a laborious 
and important undertaking for the welfare of seamen : 
this Seamans's Aid Society, aims to accomplish two im- 
portant purposes, viz. to give good, and fair priced em- 
ployment to seamsti-esses, who are in need Df it for their 
support, and to furnish the seamen with better made 
garments, and at as low a price as can be purchased at 
the slop-shops : at the Mariners' House in North Square, 
is a store well stocked by them, with every article of 
dress for a Sailor, manufactured and made in the most 
thorough manner; and if every reader of this article, who 
washes to befriend a sailor, will direct him to that estab- 
lishment for a supply of all his wardrobe, he will ac- 
complish thereby a double act of charity — benefit the 
poor widow, and do a fiiendly act to the sailor. 



59 



, THE BOSTON PORT SOCIETT 

. Was formed in 1828, for the benefit of the marine in- 
terests, and afford comfort and instruction to seamen : the 
society comprises about 200 of our most active mer*- 
chantsj and contributes its united and individual aid to all 
societies, auxiliary with them, for promoting the interests 
of seamen : their meeting house is in the North Square, 
"the Bethel of Father Taylor," and under the Bethel is 
a clothing store, for supplying seamen with every good 
article of clothing, made in the best manner and afforded 
at the same, or even at a less price, than the slop-gar- 
ments are sold, at the common plapes for such trade. 

mariner's house, NORTH SQUARE. 

This is a noble edifice of 4 stories, erected by the bos- 
ton PORT SOCIETY, and leased to the seamans' aid socie- 
ty : it contains 40 rooms over the basement story : the 
building is 40 feet square, with a wing extending 70 feet 
of three stories ; in the basement is a storage room for 
seamens' luggage, kitchen, laundry and bathing room : 
in the wing, is a spacious dining hall for seating an hun- 
dred persons : it has a chapel for morning and evening 
services and where social, religious meetings are held 
every Wednesday evening under the care of Rev. E. T. 
Taylor : a reading and news room, with a good library to 
which accessions are daily making ; and a store for the 
sale of sailors' clothing : the building and land cost 
about $38,000, and it has been furnished at a cost of 
about S21,000, by the generous contributions of the Uni- 
tarian Churches of Boston and vicinity ; a good supply 
of water is on the estate, and two force pumps supply 
each of the stories with hot or cold water, as required: 




60 



STREETS, LANES, ALLEYS, AND PLACES, IN BOSTON. 



A St, S.B. across 4th to Bosto.n whf. 
Acorn, Willow to W. Cedar st. 
Adams, Sudbury to Ivers st. 
Adams place opens 11 Bridge street 
Adams place, from E, near 3d, S.B. 
Adams court or lane, Wash near 732 
..'Elna place at 7 Kingston street 
Alba court, at 17 School street 
Albany, Beach to Troy streets 
Albion, Dover to W Castle street 
Alden court. W. of Alden street 
Alden. J 39 Court to Sudbury street 
Allju court, 37 Allen street 
Allen, Chambers to Brighton street 
Allen place, 39 Allen street 
Aliston, Bowdoin to Somerset st. 
Allston place, Aliston street 
Almont place, 18 Blossom street 
Andover, Causeway to Minot street 
Andover court, 6 Andover street 
Ann, Union to Commercial street 
Arch, Franklin pi. :28 Sunmier st. 
Arch place 113 Hanover street 
Arnold, Washington to Suffolk st. 
Ash, 6 Oak to Beime^jjfctreet 
Ashburton pi. 48 Bowdoin to Som. 
Ashland, Leveret lo Chambers st. 
Ashland av. 680 Wash. 319 liar, av 
Asylum, 570 Wash. st. 191 Mar. av. 
Atlantic, 4th to Telegraph Hill 
Athenaium court 72 Atkinson street 
Athens, 2d to Dorchester .street 
Atkinson, Milk to Purchase street 
Auburn. Brighton av. Livingst"e st. 
Auburn court, 70 Cambridge street 
Avery, 387 Washington to Mason st. 
Avery place N. side Avery street 
Avon, E street • 
Avon place, 2G4 Washington street 
B St. S.B. across B'way to the water 
Baker's alley, from 99 Broad street 
Baldwin place. 100 Salem street 
Barre pi. N. of Eliot, n. Tremont st. 
Barrett, 77 Ann to 6 Fulton street 
Bartlett. 187 Hanover to 304 Ann st 
Bartlett place, 82 Salem street 
Barton, Leveret lo Lowell street 
Bath, Milk, opp Pearl to Water st. 
Battery, 378 Com'l to 199 Hanover 
Ballerymarch, Liberty sq. to Broad 



Bav, at 62 Fayette street 
Beach, 410 Washington to Sea st. 
Beacon hill pi. Bowdoin to Mt Ver.' 
Beacon, Tremont to Western av. , 
Bedford, 290 VVash'n to Summer st., 
Bedford pLice N side Bedford st. 
Bedlord court, S.W. Bedford street' 
Becher lane, Fort Hill to Broad st* 
Belknap, Beacon to 56 Camb'ge st. 
Belknap place, 11 Belknap street 
Bel uont, Wash'n sq. Fort H wharf 
Belmont sq. Sumner to Marginal si. 
Bennet av. N Bennet to Prince st. 
Bennei, 462 Wash'n 91 Har'n av. 
Bennet (N) 208 Hanover 151 Salem 
Bennet place, 2 N Bennet street 
Bennet place, 20 Bennet street 
Beiniington place, Bennington st. 
Bennington, E. B. Central square 
Bessom court, Webster street 
Beverly, Causeway to Cha'stown st 
Billerica, Causeway lo Minot street 
fiillings court, 9 Friend street 
Bl ickstone, Clinton to Haym'kt sq. 
Blickstone sq , n. 773 Wash'n st. 
Blake's ct., 740 Wash. 405 Har. av. 
Bhuichard court, 705 Wash'n street 
Blanche court 38 Tyler street 
Blossom, 91 Camb"ge to Allen st. 
Blossom place, 15 Blossom street 
Bolton, 2d to Dorchester street 
F^ond, Milford to Hanson street 
Border, E.B. Sumner to Condor bt. 
Bowdoin, Cambridge to Beacon st. 
Bowdoin court, 57 Bowdoin street 
Bowdoin sq, Camb'ge and Court st 
Bowen court, 5 Belknap street 
Boylslon, Boylston mkt. to back bay 
Eoylston pi, 54 Boylston op. bury.g 
Boylsion sq. So. Boylston market 
(Bradford, Waltham to Medlord ct 
Bradford place, Mason street 
[Bradley place, Endicot, opposite 32 
JBr^cli av. Spruce to Charles street 
Brattle, Dock square to 77 Court st 
Brattle .square, Brattle to Elm st. 
[Bread, 88 Broad to 38 India street 
Bremen, from Sumner street 
Bridge, N. 115 Camb'ge st. tohosp'l 
Bridge st. court, opp. 20 Bridge st. 







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11 Masonu Temple 
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e l^ tVnetem F.R Depot 
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61 



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Bridge court, W Cedar n Camb'ge 
Brig-gs place, Suffolk n Dover street 
Brighton, Alleu to Lowell R.R. Sta 
Brighton st. av. Brighl'n Auburn st 
Brighton court, Brighton ne. Allen 
Brimmer place, 22 Essex street 
Broad, State to Sea, bottom Sum'r. 
Broadway, Turnpike to K Street 
Brorafield, 209 Wash'n to Tremont 
Brookline, 503 Harrisoe av. to Tre. 
Brooks, Condor to Border street 
Bulfinch, Bowdoin sq. to Allston st. 
Bulfinch pi. Bulfinch and Bowdoin 
Bumstead Ct, W end Boylston mkt. 
Bumstead place, Trem. n Bromfield 
Burroughs place, HoUis street 
Bussey place, opposite 5 Arch street 
Blutier square, Chatham street 
Butolph, 84 Camb'ge to Myrtle st. 
Buttrick place, N. Margin street 
Byron, River street to the water 
C street, 7th to 1st street 
Cambridge, Bowd'n sq to W.B b'ge 
Camden, 805 AVash'nto Tremont st 
Camden place, 808 Washington st. 
Canal, Haym'kl sq. to Causeway st. 
Canton, 483 Har. av. to Tremont st 
Canton st. court, 1 Canton street 
Canton st. place. Canton n Wash'n 
Capen place, 49 Hanover street 
Carlton place, 51 S side Eliot street 
Carnes court, S side 15 Hawkins st 
Carney place, 679 Washington st. 
Carroll place, 96 Salem street 
Carver, 73 Pleasant to 74 Boylston 
Castle, 161 Har. av. to Tremont st. 
Causeway, Leveret to Chart'n bdge 
Cedar (S), 104 Pleasant to the water 
Cedar (W), 57 Chesnut to Camb'ge 
Cedar st: place, 10 S Cedar street 
Central, 32 Kilby to 10 India street 
Central court, 240 Wash to Avon pi 
Central place, 15 Winter street 
Central sq. June Meridian Bening'n 
Centre, Orleans to Marginal st E.B. 
Centre (W), 122 Camb'ge 65 Pinc'y 
Centre (N), 85 Hanover to 78 Ann 
Chambers, 39 Camb. to Spring st pi 
Chambers st. court, 22 Chambers st 
Champney pi. W Centre, n. May st 
Change av. 54 State to Market sq. 
C banning. Federal to Atkin.son st. 
Chapel place, 231 Washington st 



Chapel place (N). 45 Friend street 
Chapman place, 34 School street 
Chardon, Bowdoin sq. to Hawkins 
Chardon st. place, Chardon street 
Chardon st. court, E side Chardon 
Cliarles, Boylston to W. B. bridge 
Charles (N), Livingstone to the w'tr 
Charlestown, Haym'kt sq. to Cause 
Charter. 230 Han. to Commercial st 
Chatham, 21 Merchant's row Com'l 
Chatham row, 12 Chatham to L wf 
Chauncey place 43 Summer street 
Cheever place, Sumner, abv. Cot'ge 
Chelsea, Tremont to Suffolk street 
Chelsea, Mav'k sq. to bridge, E. B. 
Cherry, from 663 Wash, to Suffolk 
Chestnut, S Walnut to Charles riv. 
Chestnut pi. 88 Mt Ver. 59 Chest'l. 
Chessman place, 170 Hanover st. 
Chester, 645 Har. av. to Tremont st 
Chilson place, Lyman place 
Choate, Pleasant st. n the Common 
Christian court. Canal street 
Church, Marion to Boylston street 
Church place, E side Church street 
Church av. Broadway btwn D & E 
City Slip, 157 Ann street. 
Claffen place, 40 Pleasant street 
Clark, 185 Hanover to 290 Com'l st. 
Clarke alley, 125 Hanover to Ann st 
Cleveland place, 19 Snowhill street 
Clifton av. Suffolk to Middlesex st 
Clifton place, 833 Washington st. 
Clnuon, Merch. row toCommercial 
College court, 8 Fruit street 
Colony, Swan street to the AVater 
Columbia, 75 Bedford to 62 Essex 
Commercial, L \vf. to C'townb'dge 
Commercial court, Com'l n. Foster 
Commercial st.av. Com'l op. Ripwf 
Commercial pi. 448 Commercial st. 
Common, 549 Wash'n. to Tremont 
Concord, cro.sses Washington at 787 
Condor, Border to Knox street 
Congress, 31 State to Milk street 
Congress sq. betw'n 31 & 9 Cong st 
Coolldge avenue, 34 Temple street 
Cooper, Cha'stown to 90 Salem st. 
Cooper st court, N. side Cooper st. 
Coral court, Andover street 
Corey avenue, Ash near Beimet st 
Corn court, S. side Faneuil Hall 
Cornhill, 23 Wash'n to Court street 
6 



62 



Cornhi II court, 77 Wash, to Court av 
Copp's Hill avenue 9 Prince street. 
Coltage, Marginal to Maverick st. 
Cottage place, G81 E. side Wash'n. 
Cottiug, 39 Lovi^ell to Leveret street 
Cotting court, 3 Coiting street 
Cotting place, 14 Chambers street 
Cotton place, 91 Purchase to Broad 
Court av. 87 AVash. to Court square 
Court, 09 Washington to Bowd'n sq 
Court sq. City Hall to Court street 
Cove, East to Lehigh street 
Cove place, Cove street 
Creek square, btw'n Union 8c Bkstn 
Crescent court, opens 8ii Friend st. 
Crescent place, opens 5 Green street 
Cross, Border to New, E. B. 
Cross, City Scales to 24 Coni'l st. 
Crnt't place, 30 Pearl street 
Curve, Harrison av. to Lincoln st 
Custom House st. 70 Broad to India 
Cyprus, from 119 Camb'dge to Fruit 
Cyprus st place, 1 G.Cyprus street 
D street, 1st to 7lh street 
Deacon, Portland to Merrimac st. 
Decatur, Wash. st. to liar, avenue 
Decatur, Liverpool to Orleans, E.B. 
Dedham, 403 liar. av. to Trernont 
]:)edluun court, E. Dedham street, 
Derne, Bow^doin to Hancock st. 
Devonshire, 25 State to Milk street 
Diliaway place, 65 Charter street 
Disiil-IIouse sq. Sudbury to Ivers 
Dix place, 501 Washington stree-t 
Doaue, 10 Kilby to 7 Broad street 
Dock square, Elm to Wash. op. F.H, 
Doherty court, Everett, n.Lanison 
Dorchester, 1st st. to Dorchester line 
Dove, Dorchester, near 2'd street 
Dover, S. B. old bridge to Trernont 
Dover place, Dover st. to Har. av. 
Dupee place, 13 Friend street 
E street, 8lh street to the water 
Eagle, Border to Chelsea street 
East, 36 South to Sea street 
East St. place, opp. 16 East .street 
Eaton, N. Russell to 46 Chambers 
Eaton place, 8 Gouch street 
Eaton court, 4 N. Bennet street 
Eddy, next 99 Tyler street 
Edinboro' E.ssex to Beach street 



1 

Eliot place, Eliot near Trernont st 

m, Dock square to 29 Hanover si 
Emerald, Dover to Castle street 
Emery place, E. side Warren st. 
EndicotjHan. & Salem to Ch't'nbdg 
Endicot court, Endicot street 
FiUdicot street place, 75 Endicot 
Krin alley, Liverpool to Border, EB. 
Essex, 378 Washington to South si 
Essex place, Essex, opp. Columbia 
Eutaw, Border to ^Vhite street 
Hverett, JeflVies to Orleans street 
Everett court, Everett st. E. B. 
Exchange, 36 State st. 30 Dock sq. 
Exeter place, Rowe street 
F street, 8ih street to the water 
Fabin, between Dedham & Canton 
l''ayette, 80 Pleasant st to the water 
Fayelle court. 403 Washington st. 
Federal. 77 Milk to Purchase street 
Federal court, at 45 Federal st. 
Federal court (N) 78 Hanover st. 
Ferry, .54 Fulton to 119 Ann street 
Fessenden court: Webster street 
Filth, Turnpike to S. B. Point 
First, Turnpike to S. B. Point 
Fleet 185 Planoverst. to E.R R.wf 
Florence, Wash. st. to Har. av. 
Ford place, Everett street 
F'ort avenue, Harr. av. to Wa.sh.sl. 
Foster, Charter to Commercial st. 
Foster place, 6 Foster street 
Foster pi. (S) W Tre. n Boylston 
Foundry, 4th st. to N. bridg*^ 
Fourth, S. bridg to D. heis^hts, point 
Franklin, 184 Washington to Fed. 
Franklin aveime, 81 Court 30 Cornh 
Franklin pi. Hawley stB. Theatre. 
Frauklin sq. Wash, n Cem & Bkline 
French place, 23 Essex street 
Freeman place, 15 Beacon street 
Friend, 62 Hanover to Causeway 
Friend st pi., W. Friend n. Causewy 
Fruit, 32 Blossom to Cyprus street 
Fruit street conn. Fruit n. Blossom 
Fuller, Church street 
Fulton, Clinton to Lewis street 
Fulton court rear 109 Ann street 
Fulton place, 76 Fulton street 
Furnace, Sea, near Kneeland streel 
G street S.B. n. Mt. Washhigton si 



Eighth, Turnpike st. to S. B. poim Garaux place, 17 Portland streel 
Eliot, Pleasant to 481 Washington Garden, Camb'ge to21 JJf. Myrtife 



63 



Garden ct. St., N. sq. to Fleet street iHavre. Sumner to Bennington st. 
Garden si. ct.. Garden n. May st. Havre'place, Havre street 
Gardner, Tremont to Emerald st. (lavves, 50 Congress to Kilby st. 



Gardner place, 124 Broadway 

Garland, 083 Washington to Suffolk 

Gates, Mercer to Sth street 

Genesee, 238 Harrison av toAllvny 

(iilman place, W. side Friend st. 

Gold, Dorchester to A street 

Gorham place, 741 Washington st. 

Gouch, 11 Green to Merrimac st 

Gouch place, 10 Gouch street 

Graphic court, 219 Washington st. 

Gray place, 8 Portland street 

Green, Bowdoin .sq.to 43 Chambers 

Greenough av. 25 Charter to Com'l 

Gridiey,"High to Purchase .street 

Groion, 711 Wash, to Tremont st. 

Grove, 138 Cambride-e to May st. 

Grove (N) 127 Camb"ge to Med. Col. 

Grove ct. or pi., head of Grove st. 

Grove place, near 27 Grove street 

H street, South Boston next to G 

Halt-Moon place, 123 Broad street 

Hall place, 137 Hanover street 

Hamburg, 748 Wash.st toHarr.av. 

Hamilton, Batterymarch Wash.sq. 

Hamilton pi. Tremont opp Prk. st. cli 

Hamilton alley, Hamst n. Bat'marcl 

Hamilton court, N side Ham. street. 

Hamlen place, 142 Pleasant street, 

Hammond av. 99 Chambers to Lev. 

Hancock Mt. Vernon to Cambridge, 

Hancock, av. Beacon to Mt. Vernon 

Hancock row, Marshl.st. Creek sq. 

Hanover, Court to Winnisinmietfry 

Hanover court (IV.), 152 Hanover st. 

Hanover court (S.), 15 Hanover st. 

Hanover place, 140 Hanover street 

Hanover av. , 191 Han. to Ann st. 

Hanson, Suffolk to Tremont street 

Harding court, 5ih between A & B 

Harlem place, 347 Washington st 

Harmony court, S. side Canal street 

Harrison aveime, Essex toRox'y line 

Harrison place, Friend, n Causeway 

Hartford place, S. High,n. Fort Hill 

Harvard, 443 Wa.sh. South street 

Harvard court, opp. 10 Harvard st 

Harvard place. Wash opp Old South 

.Halters' .sq. Ann to Marsh.-ill street 

liaveji, Suffolk near Rutland street 

Haverhill, Warren bri'e Hayinkt sq;Kingston, 57 Summer to Beach st 



Hawkins, Sudbury to Ivers street 
Hawley, Trinity ch. Sum'r. to Milk 
Hawley place, 170 Washington st. 
Hayina'rket sq. N.E. City Scales 
laymarket place, Avery street 
Hayward place, 348 Washington st. 
Head place, Boj'lston street, N. side 
Henchman lane, 35 Cbnrter to Coin. 
Hersey place, opp. 12 Essex street 
High, Summer st. to Fort Hill 
High street court, 87 High street 
High street place. 40 High n. Atknisn 
Highland place, Sumner n. Cottage 
Holden place, 21 & 23 Belknap street 
H(4Iis, 517 \\ ash. to Tremont St. 
Hollis place, Hoilis street 
(looton court, Everett street 
Hotel, Maverick sq. to Paris street 
Howard, Court loBulfinch .street 
Hudson (N.) Hull to Snowliill street 
Hud.son, trom Beach to Curve street 
Hudson place, 27 Hudson street 
Huff place, Tyler n. Curve street 
Hull, 104 Salem to Commercial st. 
Hull street court. Hull n. Salem st. 
Humphrey place. E. side Hamilton 
[ street. South Boston, next to H st 
India, Long wf. to India wf. 
Indiana, 548 Wash, to Ilarr. avenue 
Indiana place, opens 611 Wash. st. 
Iron, N to S. bridge. South Boston 
[vers, Hawkins to Merrimac street, 
.lackson place, 14 Winter street 
.lackson avenue. Charter to Com'l 
.Jackson court, rear school h N Marg 
.lames place, W. side W Centre st. 
.lasper place, 1.57 Ann street 
.lefferson, Fayette to Tremont st. 
.fefferson place, 17 Bennet street 
leffries. Marginal to Maverick .st. 
lenkins pi. Com'l opp Bartlett's wf. 
Toy pi. Belknap, btw Beacon & Mt V 
K street, next to I .^t. South Boston 
Kellam place, 667 Washington st. 
Kelley place,' Everett street 
Kennard av. 321'oplarto Allen st. 
Keimard court, 1 Kennard av. 
Kentle, Suffolk to Tretn. n Iloxline 
Kilby, State to Milk street 



64 



Kingston pi. or ct. Kingston street 
Kneeland, 432 Wash, to sea st. 
Kneeland pi. Kneeland street 
Knox, rear 25 Fayette street 
Khun place, 74 Treniont street 
L street, next to K st. S. Boston 
La Fayette av. 77 Prince to Eudicot 
La Grange place, 451 Washington 
Lamson, Belmont sq. to Everett st. 
Lamson court, Lamson street 
Lancaster, Merrimac to Causeway 
Lancaster ct. S. side Lancaster st. 
Lane pi. Belmont, n. Wash, square 
Langdon place, 179 Ann street . 
Langdon coun, W. sid Langdon pi. 
Lathrop place, 155 Hanover street 
Lawrence place, 105 Cambridge st. 
Lee place, Southac, n. W. Cedar si 
Lehigh, S. end Albany to Cove st. 
Lenox, 817 Wash, to Suffolk street. 
Leveret, 29 Green st. to Cragie's b. 
Leveret lane, 67 Leveret street 
Leveret court, 26 Leveret street 
Lewis, 95 Commercial to Ann st 
Lewis, E. B. ferry lo Sumner st. 
Lexington place, Lexington street 
Lexington, Border to Eagle .^•treet 
Liberty sq. June Kilby, Water, Batry 
Lime, Charles, to water [march sis 
Lime alley. Charter to Coinmerciai 
Limerick place, 217 Hanover street 
Lincoln, 65 Summer to Lehigh st. 
Lincoln court, 39 Fayette street 
Lindall, Congress to Kilby street 
Lindall place, 154 Cambridge street 
Linwood place, 10 South street 
Liverpool, Sumner st.lo Central sq 
Livingston, Brighton to the river 
Livingston place, 15 Livingstone 
London, Sumner to Bennington E.B. 
Louisburg sq. betw. Pink'y & Mt. V. 
Lovett place, 84 Poplar street 
Lovis, Gold to 5th near E street 
Lowell, Causeway to Lowell R.R. S 
Lowell court, Lowell place 
Lowell place, S. side Boylston st 
Lucas place, 661 Washington street 
Lyman place, 17 Leveret lo 15 Green 
Lynde, Cambridge to 3S Green st. 
Lynde place, 9 Lynde street 
Lyndeboro' place, 84 Carver street 
M street, next to L street S Boston 
Madisou place, 150 Pleasant street 



Mahan place, opp. 142 Pleasant st. 

Maiden, 742 Washington to Maldn. 
Maiden place, Maiden street 
Maple place, 123 Harrison avenue 
Margaret, 27 Prince to Sheafe st. 
Margin (N) 52 Salem to Eudicot st. 
Margin (S) Pills to Prospect street 
Marginal Lewis to Jeffries street 
Marion, 98 Pleasant st. to the water 
Marion, Chelsea to While st. E. B. 
Market, Portland to Canal street 
Market (N) N. side Quincy market 
Market (S) S. side Quincy market 
Market sq. S.W. & N. sides F. Hall 
Market place, 415 Washington st. 
Marshall, 24 Union to Hanover st. 
Marshall place, 76 Charter street 
Marston place, 71 Chambers street 
Mason, West to Avery street 
Maverick, Jeffries to New street 
Maverick sq. June. Lew. Chel. Sum. 
May (S.) 712 Wash. 355 Harr. av. 
May, S. Russell to Charles street 
May court. May, n. W. Cedar st. 
May plaoe, rear 12 Oak street 
May St. pi. May, near West Cedar 
McLean, Chambers to Blossom st. 
McLean court, 8 McLean street 
Mechanic, 115 Hanover to Ann st. 
Medtbrd, Charlestown to Causeway 
Medtbrd court, 721 Washington st. 
Melrose place, 56 Poplar street 
Melville place, 22 Spring street 
Merchants' row, 90 State lo27Ann 
Mercer, Dorchester street 
Meridian, Maverick sq. to Condor st 
Meridian court. Meridian, n London 
Merrimack, Haym'ktsq. Causeway 
Middlesex, Castle to Suffolk street 
Millbrd, S. Suffolk to Tremont st 
Milk, Old South to 24 India street 
Milner place, 45G Washington st. 
Milton, Spring lo Brighton street 
Milton place, 59 Federal to Fed. ct. 
Minot, 61 Leveret to Andover st. 
Monmouth, Meridian to Brooks st. 
Montgomery place, 96 Tremont st. 
Moon, North sq. to Fleet street 
Moon St. court, S. side Moon street 
Morton, 44 Salem to Eudicot street 
Morion place. Milk, nearHawley 
Morton court, 11 Morton place 
, Mount Vernon, Beacon to Charles 



65 



Ui. Ver. av.l03 Mt. V.to Pinckney Orleans, Marginal to Behnington s 
Ml. Ver. pi. Hancock av. to Belknap Osboru place, 30 Pleasant street 
Mt. Warren, 4lli to the beach Oswego, 228 Harrison av. to Albany 

Mulberry place, 2.5 Portland street Otis place, Summer, opp Kingston 
Murray place or court, 3S Prince st. Oxford, 41 Essex to Beach street 
Murray court. Orleans street Oxford place, IS Harrison avenue 

Myrtle, Hancock to Centre street P street, across 4th st S. B. Point 
Myrtle court, W. end Myrtle street Page's court, 312 Ann street 
Mystic, Maiden to Brookline street Page's court, Broadway, btwD&E 
N street, next to M St.. S. Boston ^Panie place, 47U AVashinglon street 
Nashua, Causeway toMinot street Paris, Sumner to Bennington street 
Nashua court, Nashua street Paris court, Paris, near Decatur st. 

Nashua place, Nashua, n. Causeway Paris place, 27 Merrimac street 
Nassau, 103 Harri.soii a^. to Ash si. Paris place, Paris opp. Hotel st. 
National, 4th near Dorchester street" Park, Tremont to Beacon street 
New, Sumner to Maveric^treet ;Park place. Hanov. it ii. Board alley 
Newbern place, 61 i arvei^treet 'Parknian's place. 144 Hanover st. 
Newbury place, 3Gi Washington st Payson court, Broadway, btwDfc E 
Newland, btwn Suflblk 6c Tremont Pearl, 97 Milk to Broad .street 
New Prince, Hanover to North .sq. .Pearl place. E. side Pearl .street 
Newton, Tremont to 537 Harr. av. Pemberlon sq. Tremont to Somerset 
Newton court, Tyler, near Oak st. Pembroke, W. side Suflblk street 
Newton place, opens 5 Beach street Phillips place, opp. Chapel, Trem. 
Noble place, N. side Sumner street Phipps place, 48 Charter, n. Foster 
■Norlblk avenue, 185 Washington st Piedmont, 112 Pleasant street 
Norfolk place. .3-30 Washiusrton st. Pike's alley, 52 Poplar street 



Northainpton. SOI Washington st. 
North Federal court. Union street 
North sq. btwn. Han., Fleet & Ann 



Pinckney, (53 Belknap street 
Pincknev'lane. Pinck'vto Mt. Vern. 
Pine, 520 Wash, to 1.39 Harr. av. 



-North Hanover court, 152 Hanover jPine place, opp. 1 Pine street 



North Hudson, Snowhill to Hull st. 
North Margin, 74 Salem to Endicot 
-North Margin place, 29 N. Margin 
North Market, N. side F.H. market 
North Russell, 65 Cambridge street 
Norwich, first south of Maiden st. 
Noyes place, 110 Salem stseet 
O street, next to N street, S. Boston 
Oak, 514 Washington to Lincoln st 
Oak place, S. side Oak, opp. Ash st 



Piits, Green to Merrnnac street 
Pitts court, 4 Pitts street 
Pitts place, G Pitis street 
Pleasant, 80 Boylston to 589 AVash. 
Pleasant st. court, 140 Pleasant st. 
Plea.sant st. place, 133 Pleasant .st. 
Plymouth, Northainpton,opp Har av 
Plymouth place, 47 Harrison avenue 
Plympton court, Lenox street 
Pond .street place, 75 Endicot street 



■Ohio place, 603 Washington street Poplar, 60 Chambers toChs. river 
Old Harbor, Dorchester near 4th st. 'Poplar court, opp. 54 Poplar street 
Old Road, 3d street to Point Poplar place opp. 24 Poplar street 

Olive Place, 732 Washington street Porter, W. Pleasant st. n. Tremont 
Oliver, 105 Milk street to Wash. pi. [Porter, Chelsea st. to Central square 
Oliver place, S. side Essex st op 3S Portland, .38 Hanover to Causeway 



Oneida. 218 Harr av. to Albany st. 
Ontario, Swan st. to the water 
Orange, 625 Washington street 
Orange (E.), 192 Harr. av. to Lehigh 
Orange lane. Wash, to 157 Harr. av 
Orange avenue, 46 Orange to Castle 
'Grange court, rear Plymouth street 
6* 



Portland place, 19 Portland street 
Post Office avenue. 20 Congress 
Powars court, 32S Ann street 
Prescott, Chelsea to White street 
Prince, Hanov to Charlesl'n bridge 
Princeton, Meridian to Chelsea st. 
Prospectj^l Lyman pi. to Merrimac 



66 



Prospect court, South Margin st. 
Providence, Pleasant to the water 
Province, 30 School, 25 Bromfield 
Province House court, 1G5 Wash. 
Purchase, Summer to Broad street 
Purchase place, 8S Purchase street 
Putnam, Cottage to Condor street 
Q street, next lo P st. S. Boston 
Quiet place, 77 Purchase street 
Quincy, D and E street 
Quincy place, N. side High street 
Revere place. 14 Charter street 
Richardson place. SI Tremoni street 
Richmond, 87 Salem 57 Commercl. 
Richmond place, opp. 17 Riciimonii 
Ridgeway lane, Cambridge toDerne 
Ringgold, South Lowell street 
River, 69 Beacon to foot of Mt. Ver. 
Robinson alley, 2'20 Hanover street 
Rochester, 248 Harr. av. to Albany 
Rollins place. May, n. Garden st. 
Rowe, S. side Bedford to Essex st. 
Rowe place, 14 Rowe street 
Russell (N.) Cambridge to Eaton 
Russell (S.) Cambridge to Myrtle 
Russell court, 20 N. Russell street 
Rutland, 785 Washington street 
Salem, 104 Hanover to Charter st. 
Salem place, 24 Salem street 
Salem court, Salem, n. Tiieston st. 
Salt lane, 29 Union st. to Creek sq. 
Salter place, 56 Prinee street 
Salutation, 195 rianover to Comm'l. 
Saratoga, Central .sq. across Chelsea 
School, 137 Wash, to Tremont st. 
Scott court, 8 & 9 Union street 
Scott alley, Creek sq. to Aim street 
Sea, Summer to North Free Bridge 
Seabury place, 33 Blossom street 
Sears' place, W. Centre, near May 
Seaver place, 68 Tremont street 
Second, 67 Leveret street 
Second (2d) Turnpike to K .street 
Second street place, 11 Second st 
Seneca, Har. Av. to Albany st. 
Seventh (7th) S. B. Point Turnpike 
Sewall place, Milk street 
Shawmut, 116 Pleasant io Church 
Shawmut place, 826 AVashington 
Sheafe, Salem to Suowhill street 
Sherman place, May street 
Shoe and Leather, Ann to Fulton 
Short, 13 N. Beniiet to Tiieston st. 
Short Second, Second to Brighton 



Sigourney pi, Hanov. N. of Com'?, 
si ver. Turnpike to G street 
Sister, Williams to Channing st 
Sixth, (6) Turnpike to Dorchester 
Smith court, 25 Belknap street 
Smith place, 15 Belknap street 
Snelling place, 2 Pliill street 
Snowhill, 21 Prince to Charier st. 
Suowhill court, 10 Snowhill street 
SnoM'hill place, S Snowhill street 
Snowhill avenue, 7 Snowhill street 
Somerset, Beacon to Howard street 
South, Summer to Lehigh street 
South St. ct. South, opp. Essex st. 
South SI. place, W. side South st. 
Soutlmc, Butolph to SI W. Cedar 
Southm; court, W. end Southac st. 
Souihac place, 6 Sonthac street 
South Margin, Pitts to Prospect st. 
South Market, S. side F. H. markt. 
South Russell, 78 Cambridge street 
South Suffolk Dover st. to Roxbury 
South Williams, Wash, to Suffolk 
Spear alley, 83 Purchase street 
Spear place, Pleasant n. Wash. st. 
Spring. 61 Leveret to 44 Allen st. 
Spring St. court, 59 Spring street 
Spring St. place, 18 Spring street 
Spring lane, 134 Wash, to Devonsh. 
Springfield, Tremont st. to Harr. av. 
Spruce. 32 Chesnut to 40 Beacon 
Siandish place, 7 Pitts street 
Staniford, 13 Cambridge to 28 Green 
Staniford court, Stanirord place 
Slanilbrd place, 11 Staniford st 
State, 68 Wash, to Long wharf 
Steele's court, (see Hammond av.) 
Stillnian,46 Salem to Cha'stowii st. 
Stilinian pi. Stillman to Cooj)er st. 
Stoddard, Howard to Court street 
Story place, 27 State street 
Strong place, 126 Cambridge street 
Slurgis place, 40 Pearl street 
Sudbury, Court to 30 Portland st. 
Sudbury square, N. end Sudbury st 
Suffolk, Castle to Dover street 
Suffolk (S.) Dover st. to Roxbury 
Suffolk place, 300 Washington st. 
Sullivan place, 39 Federal street 
Summer, 226 Wash. st. to the water 
Sumner, Marginal to New st. E. B. 
Sumner place, Sumner street 
Sun ct. street, North sq. to Ann st. 



67 



Swan, Turnpike to the water 
Svveetser court, 340 Washington st 
Taylor, Groton'to Mih'ord street 
Telegraph, Dorchester to Tel. Hill 
Temple, 26 Cambridge to Mt. Ver. 
Temple place, Masonic Temple 
Temple avenue, 307 Washington si 
Terrace place, Webster street 
Thatcher, 71 Prince, to Cha'stown 
Thatcher avenue, 34 Thatcher st. 
Thatcher st. court, 29 Thatcher st. 
Theatre alley, Milk st, tor. Theatre 
Third (3d), 2d to K street 
Tileston, 214 Hanov. to 161 Salem 
Tileston place, 6 Tileston street 
Townsend pi. (N.), Commercial st. 
Townsend place (S.), 6 Carver st. 
Tram's alley, 153 Ann street 
Travers, Merrimac to Cha'stown st 
Tremont, Court to Roxb'y by Com'n 
Tremon* place, r. Tremont House 
Tremont row, Beacon to Court st. 
Trenton, Meridian to Eagle street 
Troy, 258 Harr. av. to Albany st. 
Trumbull, Newland to Tremont st. 
Tyler, Beach to Curve 
Tyler court, Harr. av opp. Pine st. 
Tyler place, Tyler, n. Kneeland st. 
Turnpike, N. Free Bridge, S. Boston 
Union, Dock sq. to Haymarket sq. 
Unity, Charter to 14 Tileston street 
Unity court, 3 Unity street 
Utica, south from South st. place 
Utica place, Utica to South street 
Vernon, 89 Leveret to 70 Lowell st. 
Vernon place, 23 Charter street 
Village, opp. 27 Dover street 
Village place, W. Castle to Orange 
Vine, N. Russell to Cyprus street 
'Walnut, 33 Beacon to 28 Mt. Ver. 
Wall, Minot to Colting street 



Waltham, Tremont to 395 Harr. av. 
Warren, 581 Washington to Eliot 
Warren pi 54 Warren 69 Pleasant 
Warren sq. Merrimac to Friend st. 
Washburn place, 74 Charter street 
Washington, Dock sq. to Roxbury 
Washington ct., 733 Washington st 
Washington square on F'ortHill 
Washington place, Wash, avenue 
Washington av. Purch. to Washsq. 
Water, 128 Wash, to 37 Broad st. 
Waverly place, IS South street 
Webster, Sumner st. to Tuft's works 
Webster place, 13 Fleet street 
Well, Custom H. to Wharf street 
Wendell, Oliver to Hamilton street 
Wesley, Chelsea to Meridian street 
Wesley place^ 192 Hanover street 
West, 333 Wash, to Tremont street 
West Cedar, Chestnut to Cambr. 
Western av. Charles to Brookline 
Weston, Tremont to Suffolk street 
Wharf, ion Broad to 43 India street 
Wheeler's court, 40 Pleasant street 
White, Border, to Trenton street 
W^ilberforce place, Souihac street 
Willard place, 815 Washington st. 
Williams, 70 Federal to Atkinson 
Williams court, thro' arch 103 Wash 
Willow, 37 Chestnut to70Mt. Ver. 
Wilson lane, 26 State to 32 Dock sq 
Winslow place, 55 Chamber street 
Winter, 271 Wash to 129 Tremont 
Winter pi. opens at 20 AVinter st 
Winthrop place, 50 Summer street 
Winthrop, Maverick sq. to Paris st 
Worcester, Tremont to 601 Harr. av. 
Woodward, E street to Dorchester 
Wordsworth, Saratoga street 
Wright's ct. Broadway, opp. Episch 
Zone, Grove pi. r. W. Cedar street 



SOUTH BOSTON. 

Dorchester Point, comprising about 600 acres of good 
land^ and on which In 1800, there were not three hous- 
es, was connected to Boston in 1804, as an integral part 
of the City : — in 1776, the heights and hills on its east- 
ern part, alforded the American army under Washing- 
ton, a chance to rout the 10,000 British forces under Lord 



65 

Howe and drive them out from Boston ; wliich chance 
was successfully improved : and as the young child had 
caused so great a good to the parent stock, it was kind- 
ly taken into the great family with a free parental adop- 
tion; that section of the city, numbers now about 12,000 
inhabitants, with about 1400 Buildings : mostly occupied 
by the owners thereof; they have large manufactories in 
various branches of useful articles of merchandize and 
machine work, and are progressing rapidly in all that en- 
riches society in the useful arts. 

The present dividing line by water between South 
Boston and Old Boston, was formed by a chartered com- 
pany for that purpose in 1796: it was then fiats, over 
which shipping craft could pass at high tide to Roxbury; 
it was dug and cleared out by that company for a ships' 
channel : in the course of time, the tide washed away the 
land on each side, to its present large opening : if it may 
have been a work of public utility to have opened it at 
that date, it would be a much greater one at this time to 
close it entirely, and a bee-line of solid Jand made from 
Liverpool wharf to the city lands at South Boston ; and 
open a ship channel through the flats and bogs on a 
south-and-west line, south of South Boston, into the south 
end and Roxbury cove : the land thereby formed would 
be more valuable for building-lots than for wharves, 
and the gain from tide-water, form extensive landed es- 
tates where now wharves and water space are the only 
value. 

EAST BOSTON. 

This now integral part of Boston comprising about^TOO 
acres, was first known as Noddle's Island : it was as- 
sumed in 1629 by an early emigrant of the name of 
Samuel Maverick, and was aftervt^ards granted to him by 
the general Court on the payment of £10, or by a fat 
wether or hog, yearly, to the Governor: — in 1636 it 
was annexed to Boston : — in 1650 George Briggs held 
its title : — in 1668 il became the property of Sir Thomas 



69 

Temple ; and it appears that the heirs of Col. Samuel 
tShrimplon, (Mr. Williams,) had the fee simple of it, and 
sold it to a company in 1831 for about $70,000: — they 
laid it out with streets for a speculation ; but before any 
returns were realized for their great outlay, it proved ru- 
inous to some of the projectors — but at this day, 1851, 
one of their best wharves could not be had for what the 
whole Island cost : — in 1810 but 18 persons inhabited the 
whole area. 

The rapid building up of the place may be attributed 
in a great measure to the Eastern K. Road Station being 
there, and the Cunard British line of Steamers arriving 
and departing every fortnight during the summer 
months, and monthly during the winter months, from 
their fine deep-water-wharf on the South-western part of 
the Island, fronting old Boston : — the manufacturing in- 
terests are greatly extending there, and enterprise is pro- 
minently marked on their movements : — they have been 
but poorly supplied with the purest quality of water, 
but at this date, the grand Quochituat gives forth its 
blessed pure liquid streams in abundance to the Citizens. 

The population of East Boston is about 7000 : the hous- 
es are generally well built, many neat and elegant ; and 
in time will cover their land with works of art, and for 
art," as the waters cover the seas :" The map of the city 
in this work shows its geographical situation. 

SOUTH COVE CORPORATION. 

The Charter of this incorporation is dated Jan. 31st., 
1833; the shares were iipSOO each, and 829 being sub- 
scribed for, produced the sum of $414,500; the filling 
up of the cove commenced May 3., 1834, and 77 acres 
of good land completed in Nov. 1837. — 55 of that 
amount wholly reclaimed from the dock tide waters ; 
the whole of this practical part of the concern under the 
management of Francis Jackson, who acquitted him- 
self with great cradit, and for the stock-holders, great 
profit. 



70 

Five artesian wells were sunk, all of which furnish- 
ed an inexhaustible supply of good, soft water, the 
average cost of which was about $500, and their average 
depth 95 feet: cast iron tubes eight inches diamater were 
inserted, through which the water rises to within eleven 
feet of the ground surface, and a pipe 12 inches diameter 
and twenty-five feet in length at the upper part of the 
well, with distributing tubes, supplied 40 houses each, 
with the water by the use of pumps. 

The Worcester and Western Rail Road corporation, 
occupy 7 1-3 acres on the South cove lands ; and also 
the Old Colony Rail-Road coiporatiou, have their station 
adjoining the foimer ; and prosperity now crowns both 
enterprises : here too is the United States Hotel, that has 
accommodated in a comfortable manner with board 
and lodging, 600 persons at one time. 

Nearly the whole extent of Lincoln Street : all of Utica 
and Short streets, all of Albany, Hudson^ Tyler and 
nearly the whole of Harrison Avenue, have been formed 
out of Dock occupancies. 

In conversation with a middling-interest man in 1844, 
he said that he had subscribed and paid for 10 shares in 
the Western Rail Road !it^5000, and that it had not then 
netted him one cent in return ; and he made out his story 
at first, with all pretended lamentation, quite grevious 
to a friendly ear; but then — he added, I'll tell you how 
I get my interest m'^ney — my houses that used to let for 
!$250 per year and glad to get that for them, now freely 
pay S300, and my butter is bu; 12 or 14 cents which 
before cost me 20 to 25 ; good milk 4, former price for 
bad, 6 cents — eggs at 12, former price 20 — pork 6, for- 
mer price 8 to 10, &c., &c. — and he added, when I go 
down to the station, and see such an immence quantity 
of stock, merchandize and produce coming into the city 
over that road, it does my heart good, and I don't care 
if it never pays me one cent back : and so then, said I, 
you would not hesitate to put down $5000 more for any 
great projected improvement in the city, would you"? no, 



71 

said he, I would put it down with all my heart, and free 
as water ; — this man was George Hills ; and now in ad- 
dition to the merit of being a public spirited citizen, 
he reaps a fair percentage on his whole investment and 
which will increase with the increasing trade and travel 
over that ever busy road. 

BALLOON ASCENSION. 

Mr. Lewis A. Lauriat says, that he has ascended in 
his Balloon 48 times from various places between the 
British Provinces and Mexico, and the highest altitude 
he ever attained, was upwards of 24,500 feet, admeas- 
ured by the Barometer and Revolving Index; that being 
300 feet beyond the upper clouds : there the Thermom- 
eter ranged from 12 to 15 degrees below freezing point, 
and at that elevation the air was so rarified as to cause 
the gass in the Balloon to expand nearly a third more 
in capacity, than it was on leaving the earth ; and the 
difhculty of breathing was such as to cause three times 
respiration to one below : — his pulse before starting be- 
ing at 70, rose to 110 a minute ; causing small blood- 
vessels to swell and strain for vent, producing great pain 
in the forehead ; at last streams of blood from his nose 
gave relief to his head : still, owing to the extreme light- 
ness of the atmosphere, a constant and free evaporation 
through the pores of his body created an incessant thirst 
that water would be constantly desirable. 

On his ascension on June 17th, 1839, from Chelsea, 
the wind blowing strong from the west, carried his bal- 
loon with great rapidity down the harbor, and perceiving 
that he was going a greater distance than was desirable, 
he made many attempts by dragging on the plains and 
passing through trees near point Shirley, in hopes they 
would bring him to an anchorage ; but he was finally 
blown off on the ocean and there dragged for an hour 
and a quarter, he holding on to the broken netting-work 
outside of the balloon, for a distance of 30 miles, towards 
Cape-Ann ; there he was rescued from his perilous sit- 



72 

uation by Capt. John Pierce of wellfleet, who took him 
on board the vessel : on doing this, the Balloon being- 
somewhat released, it escaped from out of the remaining 
net-work and went oif on the wings of the wind with 
greater rapidity than a steam-engine, and was a total loss: 
it cost one thousand dollars. 

MR. LAURIAT RESCUED BY CAPT. PIERCE. 




CITY HALL. 

The City Hall on School Street, formerly the Court 
House (with the cognomen of Johnson Hall, it being, on 
the site of the house of Isaac Johnson, in 1630,) whom 
Thomas Pemberton styled " the founder of Boston ; " 
Eliot calls him the " Father of Boston, a holy and wise 
man; he died in sweet peace, Sept. 30, 1630, about 
one month after the decease of his beloved wife, the 
Lady Arbella," who died at Salem, about five weeks 
after setting her foot on N. England ground. This Hall was 
built in 1819; it consists of an Octagon centre, 55 feet 
wide, with two wings 26 by 40 feet each, and each hav- 



73 

ing entrances from the front and rear : the length of the 
whole building is 140 feet; — the basement, is occupied 
by offices for the City Marshall ; — Overseers of the Poor; 
Directors of the House of Industry; — Auditor of City 
Accounts — and Treasurer ; — The next story above, is the 
Mayor and Aldermen's apartment; — City Clerk; — Over- 
seers of the House of Correction; — Supertendent of Public 
Buildings; ditto of Public Lands — of Burial Grounds, 
Streets and Common Sewers, the third Story is the Hall 
for the Common Council ; — office for the Clerk of ditto; — 
and Assessors room. The cost of the building was S92. 
817.16 ; the lower floor is brick. The Registry of Deeds 
office^ is in the rear of the City Hall, in a fire proof build- 
ing. 

COURT HOUSE, COURT STREET. 

Was commenced building in 1831, and completed in 
1836; its size is 176 feet by 64, its height 57 feet, of 3 
stories; the front and rear entrances are ornamented 
with a portico and four granite fluted pillars; the base- 
ment is occupied as the Justices and Police Court room, 
United States Marshall; — Clerks of the Supreme and 
Common Pleas Courts ; — the story next above, is for 
the Supreme and United States Court llooms— Offices 
for the Clerks of ditto — and the Law Library ; the 
third story is the Municipal Court Room, with rooms for 
the various Juries and witnesses : this building stands 
on the site of the old Court House and Jail. 

THE OLD AND NEW CUSTOM HOUSE. 

The Custom House in Custom House St.. was 60 feet 
square, of two stories, with a colonnade 60 feet long 
and 10 feet depth, supported by 10 granite columns of 
the Doric order, 14 feet in length : the front crowned 
with a pediment, on the top of which was an Eagle. 
It cost about 830,000; the business of the Customs is 
now transacted at the costly granite pillared new Cus- 
tom House, at the head of Long Wharf, erected at an 
7 



74 

outlay of rising one million of dollars. The accompany- 
ing Engraving is a good representation of the new Cus- 
tom House. 

BOSTON ALMSHOUSE, 1660. 

The Old Alms-house, Work-house and Bridewell 
with a Granary, occupied the whole length of Park 
street : the first proposal for an Ahnshouse on the Boston 
Records, was made in Nov. 1660 : and it is noted that in 
Feb. 1665, " a person was admitted :" The Granary was 
a long wooden building for storing 12,000 bushels of 
grain, to deal out to those who bought by small quan- 
tities, at an advance of 10 per cent on the cost : the Alms- 
house was two stories, built of brick in the form of an L, 
with a gable roof : the Work- house was also two brick 
stories for dissolute and vagrant persons : The Bride- 
well was a prison for the disorderly : a part of the 
building was for insane persons : the Almshouse was 
burnt down Dec. 18th, 1682, and re-built June, 1686: 
the Work-house was built 1738. 

The new Alms-house in Leverett street near the Low- 
ell Depot, was erected in 1800 : 270 feet front length by 
56 feet depth — of 4 stories : well built with brick : base- 
ment for workshops and three large kitchens : over those, 
were 48 rooms 24 by 22 feet : in the centre of the range, 
was a Hall 40 by 50 feet : and over that a chapel of the 
same size, with large arched windows finished with 
fluted pilasters of the Ionic order : the front and rear 
yards were 80 by 280 feet: the inmates of this building 
w^ere removed to the city lands and public establishment 
on South Boston Point in 1825, and the lot sold to private 
individuals. 

The present imposing buildings of granite for a House 
of Correction, House of Industry, House for Juvenile offen- 
ders and House for Insane persons at South Boston, have 
been erected at various dates, as required by the occa- 
sion; the two first in 1821, and others after that date, on 
the city lot of upwards of 100 acres of land : the establish- 




THE NEW COUNTY JAIL. _ Page 75. 




Itiwi 







THE NEW CUSTOM HOUSE. Pago 74. 



75 

merits there, in all their separate compartments, enjoy 
a high reputation for their judicious management by com- 
petent and careful ofiicers ; the houses of Correction and 
Industry are each 200 feet long, 43 feet wide and 29 
feet high. 

The County Jail in Leverett street, and House of Cor- 
rection connected with it, was finished in 1822; in 1823 
the Old Jail on Court street was taken down and its 
materials partly used in constructing a Gun-house and 
Ward Room on Thatcher Street. 

A new County Jail, at a cost of $450,000 has been 
erected on Cambridge street, north-east of Cambridge 
bridge, nearly fronting Charles St., to which those con- 
fined in the Leverett street prison are to be removed. 

SAVINGS BANKS 

Have a very happy tendency, to encourage industry 
and sobriety among the laboring classes: where the little 
amounts they have earned and to spare, is honorably 
preserved for them, till at a future time, it may be need- 
ed for some important object. 

The Suffolk Savings Bank and the Provident Institu- 
tion for Savings, on Tremoiit Street, have been in opera- 
tion a number of years, where thousands have deposited 
their one or more dollars, with undoubted safety, and 
not only free from any expense to the depositors, but 
with an actual compound interest and profit to them, as 
soon as the amount deposited, may be five dollars ; of 
4 per cent, semi-annually computed, with also, a propor- 
tional share of the extra dividends of interest-money ac- 
cruing, if the amount deposited, remains in the bank 
for the term of five years. 

The Suffolk Savings Bank is open daily from 9 till 1 
o'clock, and deposits received, and payments are made 
daily, at their banking house under the Boston Museum. 

The Banking house of the Provident Institution for 
Savings^ is in the granite building next south of the Mu- 
seum, and is open daily, from 9 till 1 o'clock ; deposits 



76 



are to be made there, on Monday, Tuesday and Wednes- 
day, and deposits withdrawn, on Thursday, Friday and 
Saturday. 

These two establishments are governed by honorable 
high minded and influential citizens, who devote their 
time and talents for the best management of the institu- 
tions, without fee or reward ; to secure to the industrial 
classes any amounts they may have earned, and eco- 
nomically preserved for any future time of need ; to en- 
courage them in a prudent course of habits ; of living, 
of temperance, frugality and of a rational life. Here a 
few dollars saved and deposited, is sacredly preserved 
for its owner without any doubt of its safety; but in former 
times, when some one had been entrusted with the sav- 
ings of industry and frugality, it had many a time and 
oft been swept away, a total loss to its owner, by mis- 
management or fraud : — these two Banks have given a 
test of care and security of the iunds for the working 
classes, for about twenty years, in all which time, the 
depositors have never lost one cent, and have received a 
fair interest on the amounts in addition. 

THEATERS. 

The first Theatrical exhibition before a Boston audi- 
ence, was in 1792, in a roughly built wooden amphithe- 
ater on Hawley street : this was opened for one or two 
seasons. The performances were announced as Moral 
Lectures^ to evade the strenuous and onerous laws then 
in force against theatrical entertainments. The people, 
generally, at that date, favored the enaction of plays, 
and considered the Laws against it ''as unconstitutional, 
inexpedient and absurd;" a petition was extensively 
signed for their repeal, which had the desired effect. 

The Federal Street Theater was commenced building 
in 1793, and the first performance there was on Feb. 3 
1794, under the management of Mr. S. C, Powell: soon 
offer this event, a serious misunderstanding occurred 
between the manager and the proprietors of the build- 



injX, \vh8n Mr. Powell withdrew from the establislimenl; 
and he then built a capacious wooden Theatre on 
Common slreet, a little north of the Winthrop House, 
with the title of the Hay market Theater: this not proving 
a profitable investment, and being considered dangerous 
to the neighborhood, if it should be fired, was staved to 
pieces and carted off for firewood. 

The next establishment opened for Theatricals, was 
the W'^ashington Garden, for Vaudevilles and light enter- 
tainments, at the corner of Common and West streets, in 
the year 1819; this soon lost ground in public favor, 
when it was razeed level with the earthy and apportioned 
out for house lots. 

Tremont Theater was erected on Tremont street in 
1827, and opened for Theatrical performances Sept. 27, 
of the same year, under the management of Mr, Wm. 
Pelby. It continued to be a Theater, with very variable 
circumstances, until 1842, when it was sold to a Bap- 
tist society for $50,000 ; Then an entirely new arrange- 
ment of its component parts was eifected, at a cost of 
'S 24,000. It was dedicated to the worship of God, Dec. 
4, 1843. 

The Lion Theater was built on the site of the Lion 
Tavern, on Washington street, which was opened to the 
public, June 11, 1836, under the management of Mr. 
Barrymore : this soon proved a loosing concern, when it 
was altered for another purpose, and is now known as 
the Melodeon. 

The National Theater on the corner of Portland and 
Traverse streets, was first built on a small scale, in 1831 
and opened in February, 1832, under the joint manage- 
ment of two brothers, by the name of Stewart : this, also, 
proved a loosing concern • the house was transferred to 
Mr. VVm. Pelby, who made additions to its size and con- 
veniences, and changed its name to Warren Theater. 
Under this new cognomen, and Mr. Pelby's manage- 
ment, it flourished, and in 1836, he rebuilt the whole 
concern, with enlarged arrangements, to hold 1100 per- 



78 



sons, and changed its name to tbil of national t-hkatssr,-; 
he continued proprietorand manager, until his decease 
in 1849, and since that time it has been under the con- 
trol of his talented widow. 

HOWARD ATHENjEUM THEATRE, HOWARD STREET. 



The Hovmrd Athenotum Theater ^ on Howard street, 
was built in 1846, on the site of the Miller Tabernacle, 
and was opened for public performances in the fall of 
that year : this, at particular times, has been a pet estab- 
lishment with the public, and with judicious manage- 
ment will maintain its elevated value with the admirers 
of good histrionic exhibitions.. Messrs, Baker & Eng- 



79 

lish have assumed its control with flattering appearan- 
ces of being a successful experiment. The house will 
hold about 2000 persons. 

Boston Museum on Tremont street is a regular Theat- 
rical establishment, in addition to its extensive Museum, 
and is in great favor with the people of Boston. Its ca- 
pacity will hold 1600 persons, if well stowed together. 

A building for Theatrical performances was erected 
on Beach Street, in 1848, under the title of the Beach 
Street Museum ] which has been opened and closed for 
want of patronage a number of times : this will prob- 
ably be altered, if not converted to some other pur- 
pose ; its name has been changed for that of the Olym- 
pic, and will hold about 1000 persons. 

Yet another building for Theatricals was opened on 
Sudbury Street, with the title of the Odeon, in 1849; its 
renown for talent or profit is dubious, or yet to be chron- 
icled. 

A building for Equestrian performances was erected 
in 1850, on Meiriraac Street, near the Maine Rail Road 
Station, which was opened for the public exhibition of 
Circus feats, Horsemanship and its concomitants, under 
the management of Mr. C. C. Pell and Mr. John Tyron. 

HALLS FOR CONCERTS. 

The Melodeon on the site of the Lion Theater, Wash- 
ington Street, is esteemed the best calculated for Con- 
certs in the city : it accommodates about 1500 sitters. 

The Masonic Temple lecture room on Common Street, 
will accommodEte about 7Q0 persons and is esteemed a 
good concert room. 

The TremoKt Temple, formerly Tremont Theater, on 
Tremont Street, owned and used by a Baptist society, 
where concerts are favorably given to an auditory of 
2500 persons. ^ Here it was that Jenny Lind electrified 
the citizens with her sweetest notes for six evenings, the 
last being for the benefit of charitable inslitutions, when 
7,200 dollars were disposed of, by that eminent Lady, for 
Jhat purpose. 



80 



MUSEUMS. 

In the year 1791, Mr. Daniel Bovveii commenced col- 
lecting articles for the formation of a pablio Museum, 
at a building on State Street, nearly opposite to Kiiby 
Street, fhe collection was soon removed to HoUis Street 
Schoolhouse chambers : large additions having been 
made to it by the year 1795, it was removed to an exten- 
sive hall, at the south corner of Bromheld and Common 
Streets : here it was extensively encouraged as a fash- 
ionable and instructive exhibition : on the 15th of Jan., 
1803, the whole building with.its contents was destroyed 
by lire, illuminating the heavens so extensively, as to 
be seen distinctly at a distance of 70 miles. This mis- 
fortune was in some measure remedied by the generos- 
ity of munificent friends, which enabled Mr. Bowen to 
commence another collection, at the corner of Milk and 
Oliver Streets. 

In 1806, he formed a copartnership with Mr. Wm. M. 
S. Doyle, Portrait painter, when they erected a brick ed- 
ifice of five stories, on the lot adjoining north of the 
Chapel burying ground : here their articles became ex- 
tremely numerous and valuable, and w^as opened to the 
public on Thanksgiving evening, JNov. 27, of that year; 
but on the 16th of Jan. 1807, the whole was destroyed 
by fire ; the next day, the south wall giving way, fell 
over into the cemetery, killing or crushing many per- 
sons, who had assembled to view the ruins. 

The proprietors were again assisted by kind friends to 
retrieve their loss, and to rebuild the edifice with two 
stories, and here a collection of appropriate articles 
were displayed for public inspection, June 2, 1807. Mr. 
Bowen soon after that date, relinquished the concern to 
Mr. Doyle, who continued its management until it was 
transferred to Mr. E. A. Greenwood, Jan. 1, 1835, who 
then had established the New England Museum. 

In the year 1804, Feb. 28, a Museum was opened for 
public inspection by Mr, P. Woods, in the large build- 



81 

ing opposite the north side of Faneuil Hall, on Ann St. 
this location being unpopular to critical taste, it went olf 
under the hammer in 1822; the best part being purchas- 
ed as additions to the New England Museum. 

In 1812 a "New York Museum'' was opened in Boyl- 
ston market hall, which continued a few years and was 
sold to Mr. E. A. Greenwood : and having also purchas- 
ed Mr. Mix's New Haven Museum, in 1821, he became 
possessed of the most extensive and valuable collection, 
ever previously collected together in Boston. 

In 1832, Madame Duschane opened a Museum on 
Court Street, opposite the western end of Howard Street, 
the principal feature of which, was a large and accurate 
model of a West India Sugar plantation: this was con- 
tinued for one year, and soon after that, was sold at pub- 
lic auction. 

In 1839, the New England Museum collection on 
Court Street, was purchased by Mr. Moses Kimball, 
from the assignees of Mr. E. A. Greenwood, and many 
of its articles were removed to Lowell, for the formation 
of a Museum there. 

Mr. J. Harrington, Ventriloquist, established a Muse- 
um in the rooms previously occupied as the New Eng- 
land Museum, on Court Street, with the principal part 
of a Philadelphia Museum, in the year 1840. This was 
very neatly arranged, but failing to meet with a suitable 
support, was sold by an auctioneer's hammer, at a great 
sacrifice, in 1842. 

Early in 1841, Mr. Moses Kimball opened the Boston 
Museum, in connection with scenic and stage represen- 
tations, in the large building on the north corner of Com- 
mon and Bromfield Streets, now the Montgomery House, 
with a pledge from its enterprising proprietor, that de- 
cency and propriety should prevail within, and around 
its borders, which sounded as a talisman for a generous 
support from the best disposed and most respectable 
part of the community. This experiment proved decid- 
edly productive, inasmuch that Mr. Kimball expended 



82 



nearly 200,000 dollars in erecting a beautiful building on 
Tremont Street, to which his extensive collection of cu- 
riosities was removed in the fall of 1846, and where a 
more commodious stage, with a well chosen stock com- 
pany of performers, to personate the excentricities of life 
and character, shoot folly as it flies, and give the past 
and present picture of its age, without any clap-traps to 
feed the appetite of licentiousness, has obtained for it a 
good name and elevation in public opinion, which will 
continue to be the pride of the proprietor as well as for 
his interest to perpetuate. 

OLD MUSEUM, CORNER OF BROMFIELD STREET. 




Early in 1846, Mr. Peters from New York, opened a 
Chinese Museum at the jMarlboro, Chapel, on Washing- 
ton Street. This collection was large, rich and well dib- 



83 

played, yet it soon ceased to be attractive and profitable, 
and the next year was removed to Philadelphia. 

Pemberton Hall is part of the old New England Muse- 
um premises, on Court Street, No. 75 : it has been used 
for theatrical exhibitions and will hold about 500 per- 
sons ; it has a small stage, parquette and gallery. 

BATTLE BETWEEN A SMALL SWORD AND A BROOM. 

'c^ A Fencing master arrived in Boston about the year 
1770, and loudly vaunting on his unequalled skill with 
swords, concluded to dazzle the eyes of the yankeys, 
with his stage style of strutting, and for this purpose, 
erected an elevated platform at the head of State Street, 
front of the Town house, where he paraded, sword in 
hand, for three days, publicly challenging all creation 
for atrial of his skill. 

At this time, three of the English judges, who signed 
the death warrant lor beheading Charles the first, in 
England, had escaped to. Boston, and were concealed 
and protected by the peeple of this state, and that of Con- 
necticut ; — Gen. Wm. GofTe, Edward Whalley and Col, 
John Dixwell, for whom dead or alive. Parliament off- 
ered £100 each. 

Our Fencing master made so great a stir among this 
people, it soon reached the ears of Golfe, who was con- 
cealed in or about the woods of Hadley, when he came 
to Boston, and faced the braggart with a birch broom 
for a weapon, and a white oak cheese, around which he 
had a napkin cloth, through which he thrust his arm for 
a shield ; after he had well soaked his broom in a mnd 
puddle, he mounted the public platform for battle. The 
gladiator ordered him oil from the stage in a contempt- 
uous manner, but Golfe moved not: — the choler of the 
champion became wrathful; he made a pass at Goffe 
with the sword, which was neatly parried, and then 
commenced the battle ; after a few well parried ihrusis, 
the cheese received a home lunge, when Goffe with the 
broom, painted the gentleman's mouth with a dirty pair 



84 

of whiskers ; during the enactment of this tragicomical 
battle, the people had assembled from all quarters, and 
rent the air with shouts and huzzas, for the greatest of all 
Fencing masters, had found even more than his match. 
When that part of his face was well smeared, the sword 
was withdrawn ; but unluckily for the great fencer, after 
a few more fierce directed thrusts, his sword again got 
stuck into the immortal cheese, amid the deafening 
shouts of the multitude : GotTe raised the birch broom to 
his eyes and gave them a quixotic daub : as soon as the 
sword could be withdrawn, and a few more thrusts were 
made, the cheese again sheathed its point, and then his 
whole face was besmeared with the dirty puddled water 
from the broom ; and the huzzas and shouts for the old 
cheese, were irresistable side-pain ers. The swordsman 
on the third time unsheathing his deathly instrument, 
laid by the tiny blade, and grasping a broad sword, was 
attacking GofFe with furious temperament, when he cried 
out, "Stop sir ! hitherto you see, I have only played with 
you, and have not attempted to hurt you ; but if you 
come at me with the broad sword, know that I certainly 
will take your life." The firmness with which this 
was spoken, disarmed the gladiator of his courage, who, 
horror struck, exclaimed, "Who can you bel you are 
either Goffe, Whalley or the devil, for there was no oth- 
er man in England could beat me." GofFe immediately 
left the field of combat, amidst shouts of applause from 
the spectators ; and the great swordsman, bidding adieu 
to all his greatness and occupation in these parts, slank 
into obscurity, w4th the chagrin of a defeated braggart 
charlatan. 

WITCHCRAFT IN BOSTON. 

" An instance of the delegated power of the prince of 
darkness as many then believed, occurred in the worthy 
family of John Goodwin, a sedate man and good liver 
at the north end : he had four good children, of ingen- 
ous minds, religiously educatedj and esteemed as with- 



85 

out guile : the eldest daughter about 13 or 14 years of 
age, charged a washerwoman with taking away some 
of the family linen : the mother of the laundress was of 
the wild Irish character, an^ a bad woman : she used 
abusive language to Miss Goodwin on account of the 
charge, and soon Miss G. went into fits ; which the peo- 
ble said were of a diabolic character : the other sister 
and her two brothers were soon taken the same way, 
all tormented in the same part of their body, although 
in different rooms and ignorant of each others complaint : 
their alliictions were only in the day time : their nights 
were spent in sweet peace : they would faint at sight of 
the assemblies catechism, Cotton's milk for babies, and 
some other godly books, but could read in Oxford's jests, 
Popish and Quakers books and in the common prayers 
without any difficulty : sometimes they would be deaf, 
then dumb, then blind, and then again all these together 
would come upon them : their tongues would be drawn 
down their throat, and then pulled out to their chin : 
their jaws, neck, shoulders, elbows and other joints 
would appear to be dislocated and they made pitious 
noises as of being burned, beaten, cut with knives, and 
marks of wounds were seen, or at least, 'twas said they 
were seen," 

''The ministers of Boston and Charlestown, kept a day 
of Fasting and prayer in the troubled house, after which 
the youngest child made no more complaints, the others 
continued in their afflictions ; then the magistrates inter- 
posed, and the old woman was apprehended and brought 
before them on the charge of witchery, but she would 
neither deny nor confess, and appeared crazy : Physi- 
cians examined her and pronounced her compos mentis, 
and she was executed : declaring at the scaffold, that the 
children should not be released." 
"The eldest daughter was taken into a minister's family 
and for a while was orderly, but again went into fits : 
in time, the wdiole recovered a serene and pleasant be- 
haviour, grew up professors of religion, and no discovery 



86 

ol fraud in the transaction could be made : an account ofit 
was published with a preface by Mr. Baxter, who said, 
''the evidence is so convincing, that he must be a very- 
obdurate sadducee, who will not believe ;*' Mr. Hutchin- 
son says, " it obtained credit sufficient, together with 
other perparatives to dispose the whole country to be 
easily imposed upon by the more extensive and more 
tragical scene, which was presently after acted at Salem 
and other parts of the county of Essex." The Rochester 
Knockings are but of this character. 

HISTORICAL ANECDOTE. 

President John Adams was Minister to England in 
1785, and often met with Sir Benjamin West, the Amer- 
ican painter : one day Mr, W. asked Mr. A. if he should 
like to see the cause of the Revolutionary War which 
gave freedom and independence to America : and if so, 
a short walk would exhibit it to him ; this being an inter- 
esting subject, they walked to Hyde Park, near the ser- 
pentine river ; when Mr. W. observed, that King George 
the HI, came to the throne while a young man, surround- 
ed with flattering courtiers, who declaimed against the 
mean appearance of his palace, as wholly unworthy of 
the monarch of England ; adding that there was not a 
sovereign of Europe, who was lodged so poorly; that his 
sorry old brick palace of St. James more resembled a 
stable, and that he ought to build a princely edifice, suit- 
ed to his station J and an honor to the kingdom : the King 
was fond of show and of architecture, and readily lis- 
tened to their sujrgesUons, which were in fact all true. 

This spot, said Mr. W. you now see, was selected for 
the site of the new palace : the King applied to the min- 
ister, (Lord North,) on the subject, and he enquired 
what sum would be required for the purpose : the King 
answered that he could begin with one million : Lord N. 
said the expers3S of the French war had produced pov- 
erty in the treasury, but that his Majesty's wishes should 
be taken into full consideration. Some fime afterwards, 
the King was informed tliat the calls on the treasury 



87 

were too urgent to supply him from their present means, 
but that a revenue might be raised in America, to sup- 
ply all his wishes; this suggestion was followed by 
action, and the scheme for tgftcing the colonies, was car- 
.ried into effect, for the purpose of building a palace for his 
Majesty; but as the Americans did not agree to build it, 
the old brick building yet stands, with all its accredited 
qualities. 

NEWSPAPERS. 

1704. The first newspaper published in the colonies 
commenced in Boston ; it was printed on a half sheet 
of Pot paper, with small pica type, folio, and was en- 
titled "The Boston News Letter. Published by authority. 
From Monday April 17, to Monday April 24, 1704.'' 

John Campbell a Scotchman and Bookseller, was pro- 
prielor:" Boston, printed by Ix Green, Sold by Nicholas 
Boone at his shop near the old meeting house :" at this 
time, there were licensers of the press, and what was 
printed, was under their approval : the first number had 
the following prospectus : " This News Letter is to be 
continued weekly, and all persons having any Houses, 
Lands, Tenements, Farms, Ships. Vessels, Goods, Wares, 
or Merchandize, &c. to be sold or lett, or Servants Run- 
away, or Goods StoU or Lost, may have the same inserted 
at a Reasonable Rate ; from Twelve Pence to Five 
Shillings and not to exceed: who may agree with 
Nicholas Boone for the same at his shop next door to 
Major Davis' Apothecary in Boston, near the Old Meet- 
ing House." 

'•All persons in Town and Country may have the said 
News-Letter Weekly upon reasonable tearms, agreeing 
with John Campbell, Postmaster for the same." 

1719, Dec. 21. The second newspaper issued in 
New England was the boston gazette, published for 
Wm. Brooker who succeeded Campbell as Post Master; 
printed on half a sheet of printing paper, foolscap size, 
with a small pica type, folio, by J. Franklin, and was 



continned on a half a sheet for several years, excepting 
at limes it would be issued with some blank page or 
pages, owing to a scrutinizing power of "■ the licencers" 
of the press; as nothing coifld be issued but "by au- 
thority," in that age of surveillance to the ruling powers 
of the crown. 

1721, Aug. 21. A third newspaper entitled the new 
ENGLAND couRRANT, appeared at this date, printed and 
published by James Franklin, on half sheet, crown-size 
printing paper, with a small pica type : Imprint; "Boston 
printed by James Franklin, in Queen St. where adver- 
tisements are taken in : " supposed to have been at the 
cor. of Franklin Av., Court St. ; the Courrant was mostly 
occupied with original essays, in which men in office and 
the clerical opinions of the day were attacked : they 
were written by a society of gentlemen, by some of the 
community called " a set of free-thinkers, " and by 
others " the Hell-lire club :" it had warm advocates and 
zealous opposers, and at last drew the attention of the 
government, and J. Franklin was imprisoned for a 
month, and forbidden to print it afterwards ; his brother 
Benjamin, who was author of many of those essays, 
issued it in his own name ; it continued to be published 
nearly six years, but Benj. Franklin left the establish- 
ment in 1723. 

The fourth newspaper called the New England Journal 
came out March 20ih, 1727; on a half sheet of Fools- 
cap, folio; Imprint, " Boston, Printed by S. Kneeeland, 
at the printing house, Queen street, where advertisments 
are taken in;" the character of this paper was short 
literary essays on miscellaneous subjects by a private 
society. 

periodicals now published in boston. 

Daily issues. Advertiser, Nathan Hale, 6 Congress 
St. $8. Courier, E. B. Foster & Co., 10 Congress st. $8. 
Herald, John A. French, Williams court, $3. Journal, 
Sleeper & Rogers, 12 State st. $(). Post, Beals & Greene, 



8y 



21 Water St. S8. Transcript, Diitton & Wentworth, 37 
Congress st. $4. Chronotype, Eleazur Wright, State st. 
Bee, Bradbury, Harmon &. Co. 7 Stale st. $3. Atlas, 
Scliouler & Brewer, 5 Old 'State House^ $8. Times, 
Roberts & Garfield, 3 Stale st. $3. Mail, John N. Brad- 
ley, 14 Slate St. $3. Traveler, Henry Flanders & Co., 
8 Old Slate House. S5. 

Semi- WEEKLY issues. Traveler, Henry Flanders & Co. 
3 Old Slate House, $3. Shipping List, Learned, Thomp; 
son & Co. 86 Slate st. SC). Courier, E. B. Foster k Co.* 
10 Congress st. $4. Atlas, Schouler & Brewer, 5 Old. 
State House, $4. Advertiser, Nathan Hale, 6 Congress 
St. $4. Journal, Sleeper & Rogers, 12 Stale street, $4. 
Press & Post, Beals & Greene, 21 VVater st. S4. 

Weekly issues. Advent Herald, Rev. J.V. Himes, Ed. 
8 Chardon st. $2. Odd Fellow, Cochran, Cole & Co., 68 
Cornhill. :52. Zions Herald and Wesleyan Journal, Rev. 
Abel Stevens Ed. $2. Youths Companion, Nath. Willis 
22 School St. SI. Weekly Messenger, Nathan Hale, 6 
Congress st. $2. Yankey Blade, JMatihews, Stevens & 
Co., 12 School St. S2. Olive Branch, Rev. Thos. F. Nor- 
ris, Ed. 5 Washington st. $2. Uncle Sam, George H, 
Williams, 52 Washington si. S2. Waverly Magazine, 
Moses A. Dow, 27 Devonshire st. Well Spring, Rev. 
Asa BuUard, 11 Cornhill, Real Estate Advertiser, Clark 
& Brown, 5 Congress square. Puiitan Recorder, Wood- 
bridge, Moore & Co., 22 School st. $2. Pilot, Patrick 
Donahoe, 1 Spring lane, $2.50. Statesman, Beals & 
Greene, 21 Water st. $2. Star Spangled Banner, J. 
Jones, 82 Washington st. $2. South Boston Gazette, A. 
J. Wright. 3 Water st. Si. Sunday School iVdvocate, 
Charles A. Peirce, 5 Cornhill, 50 cents. American Cab- 
inet & AthensBum, H. Mason, 128 Washington st. S2. 
Herald, John A. French, Williams court, Si. 50. Horti- 
culturalist J. Breck & Co. .51 N. Market st. S3. Chris- 
tian Watchman & Reflector, Rev. J; W. Olmstead and 
William Hague, Washington, corner of Water st. S2. 
Christian Reoister, David Reed, 22 School st. $2 50 



90 

New Englander, Wm. A. White and Charles W. Slack, 
30 School St. Museum, C. A. V. Putnam & Co., 12 
School St. $2. Massachusetts Ploughman, W. & W. J. 
Buckminster, Quiiicy Hall, '$2. Liberator, Wm. Lloyd 
Garrison, 21 Cornhill, ^2. American Union, R. B. Fitts 
& Co. 22 School St. S2. American Sentinel, B. Perley 
Poore, 142 Washington st. Jf?2. Atlas, Schouler& Brew- 
er, 5 Old State House, >>2. Bee. Bradbury, Harmon & 
Co. 7 State st. $1.50. Christian times. Rev. D. Clarke, 
and J. 0. Choules, 22 School st. $2. Boston Merkur, 
M. Hotfraan, 12 Water st. *3. 
B. Hall, 66 Cornhill, $1. 
field, 3 State st. Si. Courier, E. B. Foster & Co., 10 
Congress st. $2. Christian Freeman & Family Visiter, 
Rev. Sylvanus Cobb, 40 Cornhill, $2. Christian Observ- 
atory, Rev. A. W. Mc Clure, 22 School st. Medical & 
Surgical Journal, J. V. C. Smith, 184 Washington st. $3 
Missionary Advocate^ C. H. Peirce, 5 Cornhill. Week- 
ly Mail J. N. Bradley, 14 and 16 Stale st. $1. Congre- 
gationalist, 122 Washington st. $2. Evening Gazette, 
W. W. Ciapp, Jr. 144 Washington st. Flag of our Un- 
ion, 24 and 26 Tremont st. Museum Building, S2. In- 
vestigator, Horace Seaver, Ed. J. P. Mendum, 36 Wash- 
ington St. $2, Journal of Music, H. W. Day. 8 Court 
sq. $1.50. LittelPs Living- Ace, Bromfield st. corner of 
Tremont, $6. Sunday Nevvs^, J. A. Adams & Co., 19 
State St. Cultivator, Otis Brewer, 22 N. Market st. $2. 
Christian Witness and Church Advocate, J. B. Dow, 
138 1-2 Washington st. $2. Emancipator and Republi- 
can, H. Wilson, 5 Water st. $2. Index, George Adams, 
91 Washington st. Weekly Journal, Sleeper & Rogers, 
12 State st" $2. Life in Boston, Williams court, $2. 
Weekly Traveler, Henry Flanders & Co. $2. Trumpet 
and Universalist Magazine, Rev. T. Whittemore, 37 
Cornhill. $2, American Railway Times, Robinson & 
Co., 27 Devonshire st. $3. Domestic Advertiser, Blodg- 
et & Co. Chapel place. Express List, Snow & Wilder, 



91 

5 Washington st. New England Farmer and Boston 
Rambler, Reynolds & Nourse, Quincy Hall, $2. Gazette 
Francaice, Alfred Gaudelet, Ed. 12 School street. 

Semi-monthly. Gospel Teacher, T. H. Miller, 32 
Congress St. Si. New England Rail Road Guide, Steam- 
boat and Express Journal, G. R. Holbrook, 37 Court sq. 
Sunday School Journal, Henry Hoyt, 9 Cornhill, 25 cents, 
per year. Youth's Penny Gazette. Henry Hoyt, 9 Corn- 
hill, 12 1-2 cents per year. 

Monthly issues. Ladies Album, A. H. Davis and J. 
M. Prentiss, 3 Coinhill, Si. Boys and Girls Magazine, 
Bradbury & Guild, 120 Washington st. $1. Law Re- 
porter, Litde & Brown, 112 Washington st. S3. Bank- 
ers Magazine and Statistical Register, J. T. Homans, 111 
Washington st, S5. Child's Companion and Youth's 
Friend. Henry Hoyt, 9 Cornhill, 25 cents per year. Fath- 
er and Mother's Manual, H. G. Park, 138 1-2 Washing- 
ton St. Si. Freemason's Magazine, C. W. Moore, 21 
School St. S2. Guide to Holiness, D. S. King, 3 Corn- 
hill, Si. Ladies Repository, A. Tompkins, 38 Cornhill, 
S2.' Magazine of Horticulture, C. M. Hovey, 7 Mer- 
chants row, S2. Mothers Assistant, Wm. C. Brown, 21 
Cornhill, Si. Religious Magazine, F. D. Huntington, 
111 Washington st. Missionary Magazine, Rev. S. Peck, 
33 Somerset St. SI. Macedonian, W. S. Damrell, 16 
Devonshire st. New Church Repository, Otis Clapp, 23 
School St. S3. New Jerusalem Magazine, Otis Clapp, 
23 School St. S2. Path Finder Railway Guide, Snow & 
Wilder, 5 Washington st. Universalist Miscellany, Rev. 
T. H. Miller, 32 Congress st. Prisoner's Friend, Rev. 
C. Spear, 25 Cornhill, S2. People's Magazine, Bradbu- 
ry & Guild, 120 Washington st. Si. 

Bi-MoNTHLY ISSUES. Christian Examiner, Crosby & 
Nichols, 111 Washington st. S4. Common School Jour- 
nal, W, B, Fowle, 138>^ Washington st. Si. Fruits of 
America, C> M. Hovey, 7 Merchants row, S6. 

Quarterly issues. North American Review, Little 

6 Brown, 1 12 Washington st. S5. Brownson's Review, 
B. H. Greene, 124 Washington st. S3. Homoeopathic 



92 

Journal, Otis Clapp, 23 School st. $3. New England 
Historical and Geneological Register, S. G. Drake, 56 
Cornliill, $2. Universalist, A. Tompkins, 38 Cornhill, 
$2. 

Yearly issues. Boston Directory, George Adams, 91 
Washington st. every July. Boston Almanac, Mrs. S. 
N. Dickinson, every January. American Almanac, Lit- 
tle &L Brown, 112 VVashiiigton st. 

CITY GOVERNMENT. 

Six ineffectual attempts had been made at various 
times by a portion of the citizens for a charter govern- 
ment, with City powers for the town of Boston ; the first 
attempt was in 1651 ; the second in 1708, and the third 
in 1784 ; at this last period the subject was debated and 
masterly handled by various speakers, and the meeting 
concluded with raising a committee of thirteen, to report 
a better plan of government than that of town powers, if 
needful ; and also a better regulation for the police : — 
On the 4th of June the committee made their report with 
two forms, one vesting the power in a Mayor, Recorder, 
12 Alderman and 24 councilmen ; the other to delegate 
nearly the same powers to 12 selectmen, one from each 
ward ; joined with a president and six: selectmen chosen 
at large : the discussion of these propositions was elabor- 
ate and lengthy, and the meeting closed with a vote to 
print the documents and adjourn the decision thereon 
to the 17th of June : on that day the meeting began in 
disorder and ended in tumult : the general cry was vo- 
ciferous ; ^'iio corporation^ — ^^ no Mayor and Aldermen^ 
— no innovations^ " this constituted the chief sounds 
from unceasing roaring: as soon as the moderator (Hon. 
Thos. Dawes) could put a motion for acceptance or non- 
acceptance of the plans to the people, it was largely 
voted down in the negative. 

In 1785, the subject was again revived, and with less 
ceremony from the people, it received a quietus for 
that time: In 1792, another attempt vyas made under diif- 



93 

erent auspices, and propositions made ; the prmcipal ef- 
fect of which would have been, to lessen the nuniber of 
meetings^ and this time the vote was; nay 701, yea 517: 
eminent persons of both political parties, which at that 
time assumed a distinctive character, were on each side, 
of the discussion : Hon. Benj. Austin on the major party, 
and Gov. Sullivan on the minor. 

In 1804, on the 12th of Jan., two persons were chosen 
in each ward to form a committee to devise some improv- 
ed plan of government to take with the Boston people, 
and they reported to the town, their best suggestions on 
the 9th of April; but which were rejected : these repeated 
trials for a city charter, ever ending in a strong, loud 
voice of rejection, it was thought would put "that spirit" 
to sleep for many years ; and 17 summers did pass by, be- 
fore the subject was again brought forth for consideration: 
the mass of the people now called for more energy and 
decision in the management of the town affairs, and 
Boston surrendered its ancient charter and with it, its 
primitive administration of the laws and of civil polity, 
and decked itself in the mystical emblazonment of a city 
robe ai>d vestment. 

On the 7th Jan., at a regular meeting of the citizens, a 
city charter was voted for, by a majority of 600, and on a 
final decision of the whole subject, on the 4lh of March, 
the major vote for acceptance swelled to 916; which was 
established and made known by a proclamation from the 
governor, on the 7th of that month. According to the 
letter of the charter, the selectmen divided the town into 
twelve wards, with as near an equal number of inhabi- 
tants to each, as could be conveniently apportioned, and 
the various parties proceeded to organize and officer the 
wards : there was no very great difficuhy in finding can- 
didates for all the offices, if there were duplicates; for 
each of the political parties were to share, and balance 
the scale ; but that of Mayor, was alone, solus ; and could 
not be divided : Messrs. H. G. Otis, Josiah Quincy and 
Thomas L. VVinthrop were candidates for the Mayoralty, 



94 

and it resulted in not electing either: on the 16th of 
April, the Hon. John Phillips was chosen Mayor by near- 
ly a unanimous vote. 

The 1st of May was named in the charter as the polili- 
cal biith-day of the city government, and preparations 
were made in Faneuil Hall for inducting the Mayor and 
other officers in their new stations : two of the galleries 
were filled with ladies, and the hall in all its parts cram- 
med to excess : the Rev. Dr. Baldwin addressed the 
throne of grace with prayer : Chief Justice Parker ad- 
ministered the oaths of allegiance and of office to the 
mayor elect, who qualitied the Aldermen and members 
of the Common Council : — the chairman (Mr. E. Wil- 
liams) of the selectmen, then addressed the new othcers 
and delivered to the Mayor the city charter, enclosed in 
a superb silver vase, and the ancient act for incorporating 
Boston as a town, nearly two centuries previous, wiih the 
books of its records : — the Mayor replied with judicious 
remarks on the past government, it having safely and 
prosperously protected the citizens under its panoply : 
and on the subject of a change in the form of it, he ob- 
served, that if lire charter as then granted by the legisla- 
ture, was not perfect in all its developements, or the best 
rules to meet the hearty co-operation and approbation of 
the citizens, that on a little experience of its details and 
provisions, whatever may be found wanting would be 
speedily supplied from the great fountain of the delega- 
ted wisdom of the people : after the address, the boards 
withdrew and in convention, elected Samuel F. McCIea- 
ry, city clerk. 

In 1823, the Hon. Josiah Quincy, Sen., was elected 
IVlayor of the city, wiffi a plurality over Hon. Geo. Blake 
of 325 votes, and in 1K24 he was re-elected by almost a 
unanimous vote of the citizens ; and this became a pretty 
busy year for that gentleman's talents, ingenuity, foresight 
and perseverance : the bold and public vices of a certain 
large section of the city, he placed under the bans of law 
and order : many of the crooked ways and roads of the 



95 

city he made straight : and all of them were cleared of 
rubbish, inconvenient nuisances and dirt ; and the great 
achievement for building a city Market House was ar- 
ranged : the corner stone laid on the 27th of April, 1825, 
and completed in 1827, of two stories ; 535 feel 9 inches 
front length : the ground floor under the title of City Mar- 
ket and the story above as Quincy Hall. 

Mr. Quincy continued to be elected Mayor of the city 
for six successive years, and in that time placed his fin- 
ger for reform on many subjects which will long continue 
to have an important bearing on the general features of 
the city : he had not long enjoyed the repose and quiet 
of a private citizen, when he was called to preside over 
the alma mater of Harvard University at Cambridge, 
which he governed with parental affection and dignity 
till 1844, and then resigned the charge to Hon. Edward 
Everett, the affectionate and favored son of the institu- 
tion and of intellectual Belles Lettres : 

MAYORS CHOSEN. 

John Phillips, 1S22, one year. 
Josiah Quincy. 1823, six consecutive years. 
Harrison G. Otis, 1829, three do. 

Cliarles Wells, 1832, two do. 

Theodore Lyman, 1834, two do. 

Samuel T. Armsiron,*;, 1836, one j'ear. 
Samuel A. Elliot, 1837, three successive years. 
Jonathan Chapman, 1840, three do. 

Martin Brimmer, 1843, two do. 

Thomas A. Davis, 184i5 died Nov. 25lh same year. 
Josiah Quincy, Jr., 1S45, three years. 
John P Big^elow, 1849, present Mayor. 

During the elder Quincy's fiist mayorality year, the 
organization of the city government was changed from 
May, to the first Monday of January, in each year. 

To the honor of S. F. Mc Cleary, for gentlemanly 
bearing, and attention to the arduous duties of city clerk, 
he has enjoyed the approbafion of his citizens for twenty 
nine successive years, with an almost unanimous vote 
at every yearly balloting for that office. 



96 



PUBLIC EXHIBITION OF FO^'LS. 

On Tuesday, Nov. 12, 1850, commenced a second pub- 
lic show of the generic of Fowls, with most of the tribe 
of oviperous animals, which attracted very general at- 
tention : the extensive collection, with its beautiful plum- 
age and useful variety, created wonder and admiration : 
the Pheasants appeared as gaily decorated, as the most 
fashionable ladies, decked in their prettiest habiliments 
for a promenade. 

But little attention has been heretofore devoted to an 
improvement of this useful and profitable property, for a 
well conducted farming establishment : it is a fact, that 
an hundred well-selected fowls, divided into four or 
five lots on a farm, will net a profit sufficient for the 
support of an economic farming family, if located near 
a good market lor fowls and eggs : where Geese, Tur- 
keys, &c., can be raised with little trouble, an especial 
attention to the selection of a good" quality of the breed, 
will well reward the enquirer after profit, comfort or 
honor. 

The two yearly exhibitions of this cackling and crow- 
ing part of creations work, have afforded a fund of pleas- 
ure, combined with useful information, which must incite 
a repetition for an annual show; particularly, as the 
country farms and rural scenes, are removing further off 
from the city every year ; the crowing of Chanticleer has 
music in it,' to the ear of the cifizens, most forgotten or 
unknown — The show was continued for three successive 
days ] on the last of which, an auction sale was made of 
those intended to be sold, which brought prices satisfac- 
tory to all parties. 

HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 

The benefits derived from the individual and com- 
bined efforts of the members of this association, have 
been felt and appreciated by every class of citizens : they 
have made the desert to bloom and blossom as the rose, 



97 

and to bring forth fruit and flowers, with the beauty and 
richness of the primeval paradise, and in part to restore 
mankind to the gorgeousness and loveliness of Eden, if 
not to remove in some measure, the punishment for par- 
taking of the fruits of the vineyard. 

The science of grafting trees bearing indifferent fruits, 
with slips and scions from more valued qualities, is an 
important part of the duties of the horticulturalist : for a 
knarled, sour or unpleasant fruit by this simple operation, 
is at once transformed to bear an entirely different qual- 
ity, partaking of the beauty and flavor of that, from which 
the grafting slip is taken. 

A certain horticulturalist engrafted all the upper 
limbs of his very ordinary fruit trees, with slips from the 
best kinds of Apple, Pear, Peach, and Plum, delicious 
to the taste ; and often in the shades of darkness, his 
trees were visited by strolling passengers, for an exqui- 
fiite taste of his favorably known orchardizing ; but they 
all proved but sour grapes, for the lower limbs were left 
ungrafted, to preserve the better fruits above. 

It is certainly gratifying to witness the lively interest 
taken on this subject, to plant or engraft with the best 
■stocks ; for they require no more attention than those of 
an indifferent product, and the net gain pays by far the 
best interest of any article of an equal cost, on the whole 
farm ; and it must be considered as a remarkable cir- 
cumstance, not very creditable to yankee wisdom and 
thrift, that in Boston we pay as much for a good apple or 
pear, the year round on an average, as we do for a good 
orange, brought above a thousand miles to our market, at- 
tended with considerable expense. 

The Horticultural Society building is on the south side 
iDf School street, where are exhibited, the most perfect 
samples of fruits and flowers, in their appropriate sea- 
sons, and where the patriots of the day with the fashion 
and beauty of the land, mingle with delight over their 
exuberant, beautiful, toothsome productions. 



Officers of the Horticultural Society. 
Samuel Walker, President. Benjamin V. French, Cheever New- 
hall, Edward M. Richards, Joseph S. Cabot, Vice Presidents. Wil- 
liam R. Austin, Treasurer. Eben. AVight, Corresponding Secretary. 
Daniel Leach, Recordins: Secretary. John Lewis Russell, Professor 
of Botany Sf Vegetable Physiology. T. W. Harris, M. D., Professor of 
Entomology. E. N. Horstord, Professor of Hortirultnral Chemistry. 
Joseph S. Cabot, C/iair)uan, Eben. Wight, Josiah Lovett, Joseph 
Breck, C. M. Hovey, J S Sleeper, W C. Strong, Committee on 
Fruits. David Ilaggerston, Chairman, Alex. McLellan, E. A. Story, 
F. Lyman Winship, H. W. Dutton, Parker Barnes, Azell Bowditch, 
Committee on flowers. Aaron D. Weld, C/faiVman, Augustus Parker^ 
Jaines Nugent, S. W. Cole, A. B. Moore, A. D. AVilliams, D. T. 
Curtis, Committee on Vegetables. C. M. Hovey, Chairman, H. W. 
Dutton, R. M. Copeland, Joseph Breck, Geo. Wilson, Co?nmttiee 
on Library. M. P. WiMer Chairman, P. B. Hovey, Robert Man- 
ning, Josiah Lovett, Joseph S. Cabot, Conimittee on Synonyms of 
Piuit. The President, Chairman, Treasurer, Marshall P Wilder. E. 
M. Richardson, Otis Jolnison, Executive Committee. Joseph S. Ca- 
bot, Chairman, David Haggerston, Aaron D. Weld, Josiah Lovett, 
P. B. Hovey, Committee for establishing Pre7niums. Marshall P. 
Wilder, Chairman, Josiah Stickney, Otis Johnson, Finance Com^nit- 
tee. Eben. Wight, Chairman, Josiah liOvett, Joseph Breck, Re- 
cording Secretary. Jos. S. Cabot, David Haggerston, Aaron D. Weld, 
Co7nmittee of Publicaiiun. Jos S. Cabot, Chairman, Joseph Breck, 
AV. R. Austin, A. D. Weld, Josiah Lovett, Committee on Gardens. 

FEMALE MEDICAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY. 

The object of this association is to qualify women for 
the practice of Midwifery, and so far as the public wants- 
may require, for the practice of medicine ; and educating^ 
them to become good nurses. 

The Society was organized Nov. 23, 1848, and incor" 
porated in 1850 for this purpose, with Enoch E. Rolfe^ 
M. D. as President and Lecturer; — Samuel Gregory, A, 
M., Secretary, and Mr. Bela Marsh, Treasurer ;- since' 
which period of time, about 1500 persons have joined 
the association, comprising eminent ph3^sicians, legal 
and other professional gentlemen, clergymen of diff' 
erent denominations, editors, legislators, with many la- 
dies and gentlemen in the quiet and retired walks of 
life. 

Many talented public men highly appreciate this plan 
of educating females for attendance upon their own sex, 
as being more natural, efficacious^ and in many cases- 



99 

important, for imparting health and strength, particularly 
in nervous or weakly disposed patients. 

Dr. Winslow Lewis, previous to his leaving this city, 
for a sojourn in Europe, ottered his house, with its fur- 
niture, and his valuable medical library, for their occu- 
pancy and use ; and there the association with animated 
hopes of doing great good, have recommenced their la- 
bors. 

The Female Medical Society's building, is on the 
north junction of Carver and Pleasant Streets, opposite 
the soulh-west opening to Boston Common ; where ap- 
plications may be made for a,, course of medical educa- 
tion, lor female Physicians or for Nurses. 

Tlie present Officers of the Society are — Timothy Gilbert, President ; 
Timothy Gilbert, Willtird Sears, Samuel E. Sewall, Dexter S. King, 
Simon G. Shipley, Directors; Samuel Gregory, Secretary; John P. 
.Tewfilt, Treasurer. Office ot" Secretary and Treasurer at No. 17 Coruhill, 
(bookstore of John P. Jewelt & Co.) 

MASSACHUSETTS SABBATH SCHOOL ASSOCIATION. 

From the 18th Annual report, made up to IMay 30, 
1850, of this pre-eminently useful institution, we learn 
that they have officially assisted 264 Sunday schools the 
past year: of that number, 226 have school libraries, 
ranging from 100 to 1100 volumes, suitable for the mor- 
al and religious instruction of young minds : — that 36, 
3-19 children is the aggregate of the scholars, and that 
the outlay attending their publications has been rising 
!$16,000 during the year, and sales made to an equal 
amount. The works published by this society, have an 
instructive, moral and reliiiious tendency ; they are well 
printed, on good paper, and issued as a gift, or vended, 
at the lowest prices from their Depository, No. 13 Corn- 
hill street, Boston. 

Officers of the Sabbath School Association, 1850. 
Hon. Samuel H. Walley, Jr.. President, Boston. 

A'ICE PRESIDENT.S. 

Rev. Samuel Osgood, D.D. Springfield; Hon. Lewis Strong, North- 
ainpton; Rev. Joiui JN'tljou, D. D., Leicester; Hoa. Charles Kimball, 



100 

Ipswich; Rev. Amos Blanchard, Lowell; Hon. J. Z. Goodrich, Stoch- 
bridge ; Rev. Silas Aiken, Rutland, Vt.; Hon. AVm. T. Eustis, Boston. 
Rev. Asa Bullard, Cor. SEc'-i. Boston ; C.C. Dean, Treasurer, do. 

MANAGERS. 

Rev. Wm. M. Rogers. Boston : Samuel H. Walley, Esq., do.; Charles 
Scudder, Esq., do.; Moses L. Hale, Esq., c/o ; Rev. George W. Blag- 
den, D. D., do.; Philip Greely, Jr., Esq., do.; Charles T. Russell, Esq. 
do; Rev. J. B. Waterbury, c/o.; Rev. J. A. Albro, D. D. Cambridge; 
Rev. Wm. A. Stearns, Cainbridgeport ; Rev. W. I. Budington, Ckarles- 
tovm; Rev. Benjamin Tappan, Jr., do.; Rev. A. R. Baker, Med/ord. 

COMMITTEE ON AGENCIES. 

Rev. Geo. W. Blagden, D. D., C. Scudder, Esq., C. T.Russell, Esq. 

♦ COMMITTEE OF PUBLICATIONS. 

Rev. Wm. M. Rogers, Rev. J. A. Albro, D.D., Rev. A. R. Baker, 
Rev. W. I Budington, Rev. Wm. A. Stearns, Rev. J. B. Water bury, 
D. D., Rev. Benjamin T. Tappan^ Jr. 

COMMITTEE ON DEPOSITORY. 

S. H. AValley, Esq., M. L. Hale, Esq., P. Greely, Jun., Esq. 

COMMITTEE FOR DISTRIBUTING CHARITIES. 

S. H. Walley, Esq., Rev. J. A. Albro, D. D , Rev. W. I. Budington, 
C. T. Russell, E.sq., Rev. A. Bullard. 

MASSACHUSETTS COLONIZATION SOCIETY. 
Organized May 2!), 1841. 

This society issued their ninth annual report to May 
29th, 1850 : During the year they obtained a Legislative 
charter for organizing a board of Trustees for the pro- 
motion of Collegiate education in Liberia, co-operative 
with the parent colonization society. I'he existence of 
an University, complete in all its parts, and in successful 
operation, implies the existance of Academies, Schools, 
Churches, a M^ell ordered government, with all that may 
be essential to a christianized community : from small 
beginnings and with perhaps a proportionally slow pro- 
gress, this result will be reached. 

The amounts received by the Mass. Colonization So- 
ciety, ending April 30, 1849, w^ere S4.801.59, and for the 
year ending April 30, 1850. the amounts were $6,205.59 : 
the parent society received during the year 1849, $32, 
620.30 : — the number of emigrants they sent to the Libe- 
rian settlement was 422 : of those, 124 were free born : — 
249 were slaves, manumitted by the society, and 49 



101 

whose condition was not stated: — since Jan. 1850,381 
had been sent previous to Apiil 30, 63 of whom were free 
born, and 318 whose bonds were purchased by ihe soci- 
ety. 

The Legislature of Virginia in 1849 made provision for 
the removal of free persons of color from their state, of 
:$30, 000 annually for five years; but allowing only' 15 
dollars for each child, and 25 dollars for each adult, to 
"be paid to the colonization 'society, when they shall have 
been embarked : an additional resolve was passed, levy- 
ing a tax on each free colored male from the age of 21 
years to 55, of one dollar each, the proceeds of wdiich tax, 
to be added to the previous amount of S30,000 for that 
specified purpose : the sum granted for each emigrant is 
less than half of the expenses for transportation, and it 
in anticipation that the friends of that measure, will in- 
crease the bounty to emigrants, for their own benefit as 
well as for that of the colored race. 

The extinction of the slave trade on 400 miles of the 
Liberian sea coast, has been accomplished : the last hold 
of the slave traders, towards Tradestown having been 
subdued by a force composed of French, English and 
American vessels of war, with 500 militia under the 
command of General Lewis. — A. purchase has yet to be 
made of Gallinas, and the country adjoining on its north, 
as far as Sherbro river : the British Government are de- 
sirous that this purchase should be made, and the na- 
tives are willing to part with it for $20,000 : the neces- 
:sary funds are now offered, viz S5000 from a gentle- 
man in London : S5000, from a gentleman in Cincinnati, 
■and S 10.000 has been bequeathed for this purpose by 
Mr. Hoffof Pensylvania; thus affording every reasonable 
<expectation that this important part of the territory will 
50on be added to that Republic, when every Port from 
which the blacks can be profitably shipped, will be with- 
in the controling power of the government. 

We have exceeded our intended limits in giving a sy- 
sxjpsis of part of their important yearly statement • by 



102 

which it would appear, that the plans of the Colonization 
societies, to check the trade of the slave dealers, at the 
original home market] and return to it what improved 
colored population they honestly can, is the only safe, 
equitable and patriotic method for lessening the evils of 
this now unpopular and abhorent trafic ; which but a 
few years past, was the means, direct or indirect, of add- 
ing to the property of very many of our affluent citizens ; 
the Constitution of the confederacy acknowledges its ex- 
istance, and the laws of our country are shaped to protect 
the citizens in all their constitutional rights. The man- 
umitted slave, returned to his natural home, with an in- 
telligence he never could have received, if having liv- 
ed there all his days, may then not much regret the 
scenes of servitude he had passed through, and by his en- 
lightened mind, be a means among his degraded coun- 
trymen, of doing much good in forming a great and 
growing civilized community, for useful agricultural, 
manufacturing and commercial employments. 
Officers of the Mass. Colonization Society. 
HoUj Simon Greenleaf, President. 

VICK PKESIDENTS. 

Rev. Leonard AVoods, D. D., Rev. E. S. Gannett, D.D., Rev. He- 
man Humphrey, D. D., R. A. Chapman, Esq., Rev. Wm. M. Rogers, 
Rev. Ebenezer Burgess, D.D., Rev. Charles Brooks, Rev. B. B. Ed- 
wards, D. D. 

Rev. Joseph Tracy, Secretary, General Agent and Treasurer. 
Eliphalet Kimball, Auditor, 

MANAGERS. 

Rev. G. VV. Blagden, Dr. J. V. C. Smith, Albert Fearing, T. R. 
Marvin, James C. Dunn, lion. Abraham R. Thompson, Thomas Tar- 
bell, Daniel Noyes, B. C. Clark. 

Office, Joy's Building. 

MASSACHUSETTS BIBLE SOCIETY. 
Organized May 27, 1809. 

The 41st annual report of the Bible Society of Massa- 
chusetts, states, that 5,825 Bibles and 12,790 Testaments 
have been circulated by their association during the 
year ending May 27, 1850: — 17,642 of these, were in 
the English language, and 941 in Foreign languages : — 



103 

of the above issues, 3,037 Bibles and 3,403 Testaments 
were gratuitously distributed to destitute families or in- 
dividuals. 

At no previous period has the sale and circulation of 
the Bible been so extensive as at the present time. 
Voltaire, elated by the rapid progress of infidelity in 
France, to which result his writings and examples gave 
an impetus, predicted, that in the nineteenth century, 
the Bible would only be known as a relic of antiquity . 
at that time, it was estimated that there were about 5,- 
000.000 of Bibles throughout the world, and at the lapse 
of fifty years after that prediction, it is estimated that 
there are 50,000.000 of Bibles distributed throughout 
Christendom : France has continued to cherish radical 
and socialist principles, and has reaped the fruits there- 
of, and America and England have chosen and cherish- 
ed the Bible as their principles of Faith and works, and 
they have also reaped the fruits thereof. 

Officers of the Mass. Bible Society. 
Hon. Simon Greeuleaf, LL. D., Prei.ident. Rev. Francis Parkman, 
D.D. Vice President. Rev. Natlil. L. Frolhingham, D.D Cor. Stcretary. 
Rev. George Richards, Rec. Secretary. George R.Sampson, Esq. Treas- 
urer. Samuel May, Esq. Auditor. 

TRUSTEES. 

Rev. William .Tenks, D.D. Rev. Charles Lowell, D.D. Rev. Daniel 
Sharp, D.D. Rt. Rev. Maaton Eastburn. D.D. Rev. William M. Rog- 
ers. Rev. George W. Blagdea. John Tappan. William Worthington. 
Albert Fearing. Heman Lincoln. Samuel Alay. Amos A. Lawrence. Ja- 
cob Sleeper. Charles T. Russell. Francis O. Walls. T. R. Marvin. 
Thomas Tarbell. Wm. Applelon, jun. Esqs. 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

To whom applications are to be made for Bibles. 
Rev. Francis Parkman, D.D. Rev. George Richards, and George R. 
Sampson, Esq. 

AMERICAN AUXILIARY EDUCATION SOCIETY. 
Founded in 1815. 

From the 34th annual report of this Institution for ed- 
ucating young men for the ministry, we learn, that the 
whole number of candidates educated wholly or in part, 
by the parent society and its auxiliary branches, during 



104 

the past year, \yas 439 :-— that 229 of those, were for a 
theological course of education, and 210 for a clasical 
course : — that 117 new candidates have applied for aid 
through a collegiate course, and that the whole number 
received and aided since the formation of these societies, 
have been 4,107: — the young men asisted through a 
college of their own choice, were at 21 different Univer- 
sities, and those for a theological education, were at 8 
different Incorporated Evangelical Seminaries. 

The members composing the twenty four educational 
auxiliary societies, for the advancement of ambitious or 
precocious talent, must unquestionably feel a pure and 
elevated enjoyment in reflecting on the great good they 
have accomplished by their noble, philanthropic exer- 
tions : — the youths of our republic, from the abodes of 
penury, will ofitimes become shining lights in science, 
morals and divinity, where the offspring of the affluent, 
may too often use educational privi ledges, and advanta- 
ges, merely as a pastime, content with the provisions at 
command, for a life of enjoyment; while, the former 
class, must sternly rely on proficiency in their studies 
and improvement, accompanied with a steady and moral 
deportment, to elevate them to the useful standard with 
their compeers for distinction and honor. 

Officers of the American Education Soeiety. 

Rev. Heinan Humphrey, D.D. Prtsideut. Joliu Tappan, Esq. Vice 
President, wiili '21 Honorary Vice-Presideuis by Election. 

DIRECTORS. 

Rev. Geornfc W. Blagden, D.D. Ebenezer Aklen M. D. Rev. Wil- 
liam A. Stearjis. Rev. Edward Beeclier, DD. Hon. Joel Giles. Julius 
A. Palmer, Elsq. Rev. Jared B. Waterbury, D.D. Rev. Calvin Hitch- 
cock, D.D. Rev. Bela B. Edwards, D,D. Rev. Seth Sw^eeiser. 

Stephen T. Farwell, Esq. Treasurer. Hardy Ropes, Esq. Auditor. 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

Rev. George W. Blagden, D.D. Rev. Edward Beecher, D.D. Rev. 
William A, Stearns, Hon. Joel Giles, and the Secretary. 

FINANCIAL COMMITTEE. 

Hon. Joel Giles. Ebenezer Alden, M.D. Juliua A. Palmer, Esq. and 
the Treasurer. 



105 



BOSTON PHONOGUAPHIC REPORTING ASSOCIATION. 

A number of amateurs in Pitman's science of Phonog- 
raphy, formed themselves into a society in 1847, un- 
der the above title ; for their individual improvement, and 
to excite a more general interest for this important and 
useiul branch of education and for professional em- 
ployment : some of our orators pronounce one hundred 
and sixty words in a minute, and it requires a very rap- 
id penman to stenograph every word truly as delivered ; 
yet, it has been done with this system of short hand 
writing, and so methodically correct, that other steno- 
graphers have read it with ease; and the orators were 
surprised with its powers and capacity. The delivery 
of words by Hon. Danl. Webster is about sixty per min- 
ute, and the Hon. Rufus Choate from 100 to 160 per 
minute. 

If we revert to the patriotic times of 1763 to 1783, wo 
must seriously regret the absence of this rapid medium 
for communicating the speeches of Samuel Adams, 
James Otis, John Hancock, with a host of others, in the 
sacred cause of Freedom and of qualitied liberty , and 
for advancing the glorious destinies of iheir country ; as it 
would have supplied a vacuum in our present literature, 
which if it could be truly and faithtully filled, would 
enlist the best feelings of the present age, towards their 
progenitors, and add a rich stock of information and of 
animation, to our original literary materials, we must 
ever mourn the want of. 

The Boston Phonographic Association, hold a meeting 
every Saturday evening, at 115 Court Street, Boston. 

Any person of good moral character, who can write 
loo phonographic words, legibly, per minute, will be 
greeted as a member of the society. 

Any one who can write 30 phonographic words per 
minute, can become an initiatory member, by paying one 
dollar fees, and an assesment of one dollar per year. 



106 



Officers of the Phonographic Society. 

Dr. James W. Stone, President. Ebeiiezer Smith, Thomas Ranney, 
Vice Preftidents, R. Leighton,, Kecording Secretary. Henry M. Parkhurst, 
Matilda Goddaid, Correspondent Secretaries^ Jolm Wilson, D. F. Chess- 
man, Clark Cuykendall, Standing Committee. D. Edwin Leigh, Joel P. 
Bishop, Elizabeth S. Emmons, Trustees of the Funds. 

ASSOCIATION FOR THE SUPPORT OF AGED 
INDIGENT FEMALES. 

This society commenced its beneficent and charitable 
work, for the protection and support oi aged indigent fe- 
males, May 1st 1850, by founding an asylum for their 
latter days, and to supply them with the necessaries and 
comforts, suitable for their declining years. 

From the very appropriate address, delivered by the 
President of the association, Henry B. Rogers, Esq. at 
the first meeting of its members, we learn, that similar 
institutions have been in active operation for a number 
of years, in Philadelpha, New York, and other cities of 
our country ; we here quote his observations on the Hos- 
pital at Paris. 

"The Hospital "La Salpetriere" in Paris, is one of the 
largest and most magnificent establishments of that city, 
its existence dales from the reign of Louis XIV. It is 
one thousand six hundred and eighty feet in length, and 
one thousand one hundred and sixty-four in breadth, and 
all its arrangements, inside and out, are upon a scale 
that is calcukited to call forth the wonder and gratitude 
of the beholder. The Institufion is exclusively devoted 
to the reception of aged indigent females, who are divi- 
ded into five classes. The total number of inmates is 
upwards of five thousand. I know not that in all my 
sight-seeing abroad, I was ever more impressed with the 
benetioent effects of charity, than when walking through 
the spacious halls, or loitering in the shady walks of this 
noble retreat." 

OfEcers of the Society for the support of Indigent Females. 

Henry B. Rogers, President Moses Grant, Arlemas Simonds, Daniel 

^ailord, Simon G. Shipley, Vice Presidents. Tliomas Tarbell, Trea-^ 

surer. Frederick R. AVoodward, Clerk. 

Mana-gers, Ladies. Mrs. Judge, Shaw, Mrs. Andrew Bigelow, Mrs. 



107 

Susan Collin.?, ]\rrs. A. II. Everett, Mrs. H. G. Lithgow, Mrs. Wm, 
Howe, Miss Matilda Goddard, Mrs. John Wheeler, Miss Mary Jones, 
Mrs. Levi Tucker, Mrs. Michael Tombs, Miss Mary May. 

Managers, Gentlemen. Wm. R. Lawrence, M. D., Thomas Hollis, 
Wm. H. Thayer, M. D. Rev. Charles F. Barnard, Wm.G. Hannaford, 
M. D., Andrew Bigelow. D.D., Charles D. Gould, Henry Plympton, 
Ebenezer Dale, Rev. Lewis E. Caswell. Frederick \V. Lincoln. Jr., 
Andrew Gushing, Moses Mellen, Jacob Sleeper, Stephen G. Deblois, 
Wm. Appleton, Jr., George H. Kuhn, George Callender. 

Standing Committees. — Committee on Supplies. Messrs. Plympton, 
Tarbeil, Kuhn, Woodward ; Mrs. Lithgow, i\Iiss Goddard, Mrs. Wheel- 
er. Commitiee on admission of Inmates. Messrs. Bigelow, Shipley, 
Hollis ; Mrs. Shaw, Mrs Howe. Committee on Finance. Messrs. Rog- 
ers, Grant. Saflbrd. Visiting Committee. The whole Board, in the or- 
der arranged. Committee on supplying Religioics Instruction. Messrs. 
Barnard, Caswell, Gushing. Attending Physician at the Home. W. 
Henry Thayer, M. D., 24 Harrison Avenue. 

MASSACHUSETTS HUMANE SOCIETY, 
Instituted 1736. Incorporated 179L 

On Page 51 of this work, the Humane Society have a 
passing notice, but the important beneficent works they 
iiave been the means of accomplishing, for the relief 
and benefit of many unfortunate classes of their fellow 
men, demands a more extended record. 

In the year 1786 this society was organized, and it was 
established by Incorporation, in 1791; within one month 
after the formation of the society, they were called upon 
to reward Andrew Sloane for signal exertions in saving 
B. lad who had fallen through the ice at the mill-dam, 
and since that date, upwards of four thousand rewards 
iiave been paid to individuals for exertions made to save 
•drowning; persons and to resuscitate life in inert bodies. 

In 1789, they caused Huts to be erected on exposed 
situations, where the shipwrecked mariner could find a 
shelter from storms, which they supplied with fire wood 
and various comforts for the body : thirteen of these 
liouses were on as many promontories of our coast, which 
have been repaired, rebuilt and replenished to the pres- 
ent date, for the relief of the stranded seamen. 

In the year 1795, a committee of their body reported 
in favor of procuring subscriptions for a public Dispen- 
sary, from Avhich source, the present beneficent institu- 



108 

tion Bprang into existence ; and which has done a large 
share of good to the poor, in times of sickness ', and Its 
greater power to benefit them, in future years, will be 
increased by a bequest from the late Benjamin Dear- 
born Esq., of the whole of his real estate, amounting to 
$90,00U, which the society will come into possession of^ 
at the decease of all the legatees. 

In ihe year 1816, the Humane Society subscribed $5, 
000 towards establishing the Insane Hospital, and in 
1820, !if750, to the Mass. General Hospital, and also ta 
pay for six Charity beds, which was continued at their 
expense till 1834 : in 1830 they gave S5000 towards the 
establishment for Lying-in women, and since that date, 
a sum equal in amount for the same establishment. 

In 1807 they gave attention to the subject of Life boats, 
as a means for saving the shipwrecked mariner, and 
caused one to be built and stationed at Cohasset, till 1813^ 
in 1840, the Legislature of this state, granted $>5,000, 
and 1841, $1,350, to their use, for this especial purpose, 
with which sums, they built thirteen boats, with a house 
for each, and five additional boats, they had built from 
their own funds, making 18 in all, which have been the 
means of saving many lives, from vessels wrecked upon 
our coast: each life boat, has an organized body of eight 
men ; and whenever they are the cause of saving any of 
their brethren of the human family, they are handsome- 
ly rewarded by the Humane Society, : one of the boats* 
at Hull, had saved thirty six periled lives previous to 
1845. 

The eighteen life Boats are stationed as follows. 

One at Edgertown Marthas Vineyard. 2 at Nantasket. 
and one at each of the following places, viz. Chatham: 
— Nauset Beach : — Eastham : — Wellfleet : — Cohoon Hol- 
low : — Truro, near the Light-house : — Race Point : — Ply- 
mouth : — Scituate : — Cohasset : — Nantasket Beach : — 
Lynn : — Marblehead : — Gloucester : — Rockport : — An- 
nisquam : — and Plum Island ; this last under the care 
of the Marine Society at Newburyport. 



109 



Officers of the Humane Society. 
Rev. Francis P.irkman, D.D . Prfsiduit. Robert G. Shaw, Vice Presi- 
dfiit. John Iloriiaiis, iM.D., Ciiirtsponrlini: IStcrtt.ary. Samuel Hooper, 
Recording Secretary. Charles Avory, Ticnsiire)-. 

Tnistfes. — Abbot Lawrence, Robert B. Forbes, David Sears, Sam- 
uel Austin, J. C. Warren, M.D. 

HOWARD BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. 

Was organized June 1, 1812, aiid incorporated Feb- 
16, 1§18. Their object of association, was to find out 
and administer to the wants of the sick and infirm ; 
more particularly, that class who are not entitled to any 
special commiseration from the churches through mem- 
bership ; in the winter season, a load of wood dropped 
at the door of an unfortunate family, or that of a poor 
woman, is an important blessing to the receiver, and 
cannot fail of raising their voices to grateful sentiments 
in return for such generous beneficiaries; it cheers the 
heart and prompts to virtue. 

Officers of the Howard Benevolent Society. 

Moses Grant, President. Thomas Tarbell, Treasurer. Artemas Si- 
mouds, Secretary. 

Standing- Committee— by the old line of wards. 1, Thomas Hollis, 
30 Union st. 2. Benjamin F. Whittemore, Hanover, opposite Tileslon 
St., 3, Deacon Thomas Thwing, 4, Salem St. Court, and Rev. Lewis 
Caswell, oG Leverett St., 4, A. A. \Vellington, East Boston. \Yebster 
St., and S. G. SiiipliJy, Union, near Hanover st., 5, Paul Adams, 127 
Cambridjfe st., G. Andrew Gushing, 38 Myrtle St., 7, Tomas Tarbell, 
n Avon place. S, .1. W. Warren, .fr , 10 Channing St., 9, Daniel T. 
Coit, 12 Hiv'li St., 10. Rev. C. F. Barnard, 5 Warren ,st., 11, Rev. S. 
B. Cruft. SulTolk and INewton st., 12, Alvan Simons, South Boston. 

SOCIETY FOR THE PREVENTION OF PAUPERISM, 

Organized, 1835. 

No.s. 2 &: 3 Tremont Temple, entrance south gate. 

Information is there given of all the Benevolent Soci- 
eties in the city. No pecuniary aid is there given; but 
all applicants for charity may be sent to that office, 
where they will have the proper sources of relief point- 
ed out to them. 

It is supported by Subscriptions, Donations and Fees, 
paid by families. Subscriptions and Donations are re- 
spectfully solicited. 
10 



110 

There are two separate Employment oflices, one for 
IVlales, the other for Females ; — free to all persons of 
good character, in want of employment. Places obtain- 
ed for Girls and Boys to be brought up in families or to 
learn trades, either in the city or country. Jf'amilies or 
others in want of Servants, or any description of male or 
female help^ in any respectable occupation, are invited 
to call and make a selection, from a large number of 
American, Foreign Protestant, and Catholic help; and 
those discharging men or women from their service, 
who can be well recommended should refer them to this 
office. 

Annual subscribers are for the time being, members 
of the Society, and are entitled to the use of the employ- 
ment offices free of charge, if they wish it. 

All communications should be addressed, post paid, 
to F. R. Woodward, Secretary and General Agent. 
Extracls from the Circular of the Society. 

" Some idea of the extent of our business, may be 
gathered from the fact, that from 1840 to 1850, or in ten 
years, 24,574 girls and women have been supplied, with 
places ; and of these, there have been sent out of the 
city, 11,142. On an average, nearly 2.500 places have 
been furnished, and more than 1000 of our applicants 
have been sent into the country, each year. This is a 
very satisfactory result. Suppose for a moment that 
these large numbers had not been thus provided for, and 
you can readily imagine how much poverty and evil 
have been prevented." 

"It will be remembered that our Office has been prin- 
cipally devoted to the beneht of Females. Another as- 
sociation, the "Boston Employment Society," was insti- 
tuted Oct. 1, 1842, for men and boys. From its com- 
mencement, to Oct. 1849, or during seven years, the 
Managers report that they found places or work, for 7, 
083 individuals, and permanent homes in the country 
for about 700 lads. This again, was a clear benefit. 



Ill 

Their pecuniary resources proved less prosperous than 
our own. That office has been closed since last October, 
and despairing of being able to open it, the government 
have lately transferred to us their subscription list, pa- 
pers, &c. in the hope that we may continue their good 
work." 

"We propose to do so, by taking another office in ad- 
dition to our own, distinct from it, though close by it. 
Our present experienced and efficient agent can take 
the general oversight ot both departments. An addition- 
al Clerk and office boy wull be needed. Our annual ex- 
penses are about $1300 now : six or eight hundred dol- 
lars more, would be an ample provision for all the 
changes and additions that are desirable." 

''We are confident that our own resources, the office 
fees, and the patronage of the community, public or pri- 
vate, will justify the attempt. Each ofhce, under our 
sole charge, and in immediate proximity to the other, 
would undoubtedly do more than has hitherto been done 
by them singly. Where enquiry is made for one of 
either sex, to work in the country especially, it is likely 
the applicant will know of neighbors who may want- 
help of the other sex. We propose also to pay increas- 
ed attention, as we can by having more agents, to keep- 
ing the Offices well advertised. We might expect be- 
fore long, perhaps, to direct at least 5000 individuals 
to the means of self support, each year. Our own suc- 
cess, and that of the Employment Society, warrant the 
expectation of such an extension in our operations ; and 
it is certain that every approxmiation towards it, renders 
it more reasonable. It is not here as in alms-giving, too 
often, the more you do, the more you must do ; but rath- 
er as in all true benevolence, the more you can do. the 
more you will do." 

"Besides serving as a well-regulated Employment Of- 
fice, our Room has been made the place of general re- 
ference for cases appearing to require attention. Many, 
who would otherwise have become dependent upon pub- 



112 

lie or private charily, have been enabled to provide for 
themselves ; and some of the highest aims of the society 
have in this way been fully met. In all applications foi 
relief, it is of the highest possible advantage to be able 
to refer to new or otherwise unknown and unattainable 
means for selfsubsistancc. We possess records of such cas- 
es of great interest at the Ofhce. We keep the address, 
directions, &c. of every Charitable Association in the 
city, for the benefit of those who may require immediate 
relief. The Delegates from the Benevolent Societies also 
use our Oihce for their meetings once a month, during 
the winter part of the year, to report and confer upon the 
cases they have aided, and upon general or particu- 
lar philanthropic questions and movements. A great 
deal has been done in this way to check imposition and 
injudicious charity." 

'•Two very im[)ortant measures may be specified as 
the doings of this Ofhce: the first, is the establishment of 
the Home for Aged Females ; and the second, the ap- 
pointment of a Joint Committee from some of the princi- 
pal Societies to consider a more comprehensive and sys- 
tematic distribution of aid for the city. The former of 
these is completely under way : the other will undoubt- 
edly lead to something satisfactory. Should any better 
mode of alms-giving be adopted, our two Offices will be- 
come still more indispensable and valuable." 

''We beg your consideration of these views, and should 
be happy to enroll you among our patrons and subscri- 
bers. Donations of S20 or more, constitute Life-member- 
ship, and the annual subscription is $2. Any contribu- 
tions will be gratefully received. And all subscribers 
and contributors are entitled to a free use of the Offices, 
and will be supplied with Reference Tickets. Other 
persons using the Oliice pay 25 cents, or more, for each 
supply. Every thing is free for those w^ho wish to be 
employed or helped." 

'' May we not depend upon an intelligent and liberal 
community to enable our Society to accomplish more?" 



113 



Government of the Society for the Prevention oi Pauperism. 

Moses Grant, Preddpnt. Thomas Tarbel I, Rev. Chas. F. Barnard Vice 
Presidents. ArleniasSimonds, Treasurer. F. R. Woodwardj t^i-cretary and 
Getifral Agent. 

Managers. — Rev. Wm. Howe, Thomas Thwing, Andre^v Cnshingr, 
Rev. Lewhs K. Caswell, Rev. Andrew Big-elow, Rev. S. B. Crufi, Rev. 
S. H. Winkley. Joseph K. Barry, Rev. Phineas Slowe, J. P, Robinson, 
Wni. Perkins, David Pike, R. B. Storer, Henry Plymlon, Waller Chan- 

WARREN STREET CHAPEL, BOSTON. 

. The thirteenth annual report of this invaluable insti- 
tution was made April 21st 1850 : — from which report we 
gather the pleasing and satisfactory information that the 
philanthropic and politic labors of its most excellent 
head', (Rev. Charles F. Barnard) with the aid of numer- 
ous Ladies and Gentlemen as associate instructors, are as 
earnestly devoted to the great and noble work of sowing 
the seeds of .knowledge and virtue in the plastic minds 
of young children as on the first primeval years of this 
good Samaritan Chapel. 

In the two sew^ing schools are 160 pupils guided by 
22 teachers : — at iheir evening schools are 118 lads and 
young men, and 86 girls and women, total 304. 

In their infant daily schools are 75 pupils : the simple 
idea to be carried out in this department being to provide 
an asylum for young children of the laboring classes ; for 
those whose mothers would be obliged to lock up in the 
house, during her absense, to keep them from roaming 
the streets, exposed to accidents and the vulgarity and 
ills w^hich attend a life of vaurancy, while here they 
contract a habit for school going, with the rudiments of 
virtue, religion and morality. The !<inging school is gen- 
erally attended by one hundred pupils. 

The sabbath school is attended by 235 boys and 301 
girls, total 536 : — divided into six departments, with 37 
teachers, besides the Principal : the ages of the schol- 
ars are from two to eight years; they are allowed to car- 
ry home for reading, the books from the Chapel library. 
10* 



114 

About 1500 pupils yearly, attend instruction at the 
Chapel, and the cost for its support, is about !$3,000 per 
year, or two dollars ger pupil ; and where, when, or how 
can any similar amount be laid out or expended, for a 
greater good to result to the city. The children gene- 
rally, here instructed, have no other means piovided for 
them, from any other quarter, and there never has been 
an institution established in Boston, where greater good 
has resulted from ils measures for years past, than from 
this Chapel, in so extensively caring for and protecting 
the young children of the indigent working classes. 

This favorite establishment now needs the aid of the 
affluent and patriotic portion of the community, for up- 
holding it in its onward progress of doing the greatest 
good to the largest numbers ; to save from ruinous ne- 
gleet, very many of the young, whose parents have not 
the faculty or means for taking proper care of their pro- 
geny, and many others, who are bereft of parents, who 
would grow up as weeds in the garden of the body pol- 
itic, if not scouraers on the well being 'tmd proprieties 
of a well ordered community. 

As it is with fue^ unmolested, which threatens the 
destruction of an extensive property, but which if at- 
tended to in season, this mournful result may be aveit- 
ed ; just so it is with youth ; ils plastic form and bent 
of mnid, may be by judicious training, gathered saitdy in- 
to the foKl with the worthiest of the land, an honor lo 
themselves, and adding honor and comfort to llie bene- 
factors of their being and for their education. 

VARIOUS ITExMS. 

Of the city Lamps, 1,243 are fed with Oil, and 782 
with Gas, on an average of 21 nights per month; the 
Gas costmg S 16,050.86, and Oil ^14,907.55: — twenty- 
eight Lamp-lighters employed, at a cost of ^ 8.631.89. 

The cost of the new Jail, near Cambridoe Biidjie, is 
estimated at about ??480, 000, and it was expected to have 
been occupied at the close of the year, 1.S50. 






I'll r T. 



ill 

■mi 
Mm 



■r 



B 



m 



*Plir'li 




115 

The quantity of land made and being made from tide 
occupancy, al the souih end, is estimated at over 2^000, 
000 square feet, and all of the city pnblic lands are es- 
pecially pledged for the reduction of the city debt. 

The new Alms House and Wharf at Deer Island, is 
estimated to cost about §154,000, and it was expected to 
have been so far completed as to be occupied in 1850. 

The cost of the Quochitual water works was about 
84,600,000, exclusive of that to East Boston. 

The cost of Grammar Schools and schoolhouses for 
the year, ending April 30, 1850, was Jj3 11,494.95, for the 
city of Boston. 

Total value of Real Estate in Boston, for 1849, was 
$102,827,500, and of Personal Estate, >|;71, 353,600 ; total 
S 174, 180,200, add the tax levied w^as *6.50 on $^i000— 
and the nmber of Polls being 28^363, at Si. 50 each, 
was •'i^42,544.50. 

The Iron fence around Franklin and that around 
BlackstoKe Square, cost about ■"!? 10,225, and about >^5000 
more has been expended for grading, planting trees, for 
fountain-s, &c. 

Fire Department. The annual payments made to the 
Chief Engineer, assistant Engineers, Oihcers. and mem- 
bers of the various Engine, Hook and Ladder and Hy- 
drant companies of the city, were upwards of S50.000. 
The department consists of one Chief Engineer, nine as- 
sistant Engineers, and twenty companies, including two 
Hook and Ladder and foisr Hydrant companies. Each 
Engine company has one Foreman, one assistant Fore- 
man, one Clerk, a Ste\\TLrd and thiity-six men. The 
Hydrant companies have sixteen men each, with the 
same officers as the Engine companies. The pay of 
the Chief Engineer is ^1200 per year; — the assistant 
Engineers $260 — Foremen, $125 — assistant Foremen, 
&100— Clerk, S 100— Steward, $100— and the Members 
$80 each, per annum. All the Engine Houses, Hose 
and Fire apparatus of every description, belong to the 
city. 



116 • 

Cost of Paving Stones, Stone blocks, Flaoj stones;, Ei^'ge 
?.tones, Bricks, Gravel, &c., used in grading, paving aial, 
repairing streets, drains, &e;, for the past year, was. 
$i»)4, 103.74, and to the master Pavers was paid $34,103,74 

The repairs on Faneuil Hall, with new window frames 
Mone sills, renovating and painting inside and out, and 
introducing Quochituat wat^r, was $9,394,96. 

The police employed by the City, day and night, is at 
a cost of about $39,500.00 .per year: — whatever com- 
plaints are made to the courts for any intractions of the 
city laws, no pecuniary benefit can be derived therefrom 
by the members of the police. 

The cost of widening Bromlield Street, to the city, was 
$84,000.00, and for widening other Streets and Alleys, 
about $26,000.00. This amount w^as expended in the 
year ending April 30, 1850. 

The city Watchmen and Constables of the night re- 
ceive about $75,000.00 yearly salary. 

The rents accruing to the city for Stalls in the Granite 
Market House, outside stands, &c. amount to $31,000.00 
per year; and the Okl State House at the head of State 
Street, rents for $7,185,75, yearly. 

The number of Hydrants for supplying the Engines iii 
case of fire, is 780 in the city proper, and 244 at S, Boston. 

No graves are allowed to be dug in any Cemetery or 
lands in the city proper, but tombs are yet used for inhu- 
mation of the deceased. 

The Boston Aqueduct from Jamaica Plains, Roxbury, 
was Incorporated in 1795 : the stock divided into 100 
shares at $1000, per share : no dividend was made fill 
1807, and then but $20, a share, as the profits for 12 past 
years, being only 1}4 per cent. 

Deer Island was so named, for being a place of safety 
for Deer, when chased by wolves; sixteen deer have 
been taken in a day from that Island. 

PuUin Point, the opposite shore, was so named, for the 
tiile was there so rapid, boatmen were obliged to land, 
and pull their boat through the stream by a line. 



117 

Apiece of Plymouth Rock, on \vliich onr Pilgrim Fore- 
fathers landed, Dec. 20, 162u. in Plymouth, was cloven 
, tf from the main mass, and consecrated with the corner 
stone of the iVlethodist Church in Bromfield street, April 
15, 18U6. near its northeast corner. 

The Cockerel vane, on the Hanover street Church was 
placed there in deiision of Mr. Thacher whose christian 
name was Peter: he was pastor of the new north Church, 
from which this society seceeded in 1719. 

The Cannon, Ball, now in the westerly front wall of 
Brattle street Church, was tired from Cambridge by the 
Ameiican Army, on the night previous to the embarka- 
tion of 10,000 British Troops from Boston, under Lord 
Howe, March 17, 177(3 : two of his regiments were quar- 
tered in a buildiug next east of the Church, and Lord 
Howe's quarters, were in that square, west of the Church. 

The prominent Stone^ in the Building No. 9 Marshall 
street, well known as the '-boston stone/' was an old 
fashioned paint mill, imported in 1700; its length, 2 feet 
10 inches, and height, about 14 inches, and the circu- 
lar mullar or stone ball, for grinding paint, within the 
cavity of the mill box, was 18 inches diameter : in 1737 
it having past its date of usefulness in that occupation, 
was placed at the corner of the house, bottom upwards, 
and on its top was placed its old companion, the muUer: 
BOSTON STONE was lettered conspicuously on its front, 
and it became an important land-mark on threading the 
mazy streets of the town. In 1835 the old building was 
taken down, and on erecting a new one, the old mill- 
box and mullar, were engrafted into the new wall, and 
the carved coat of arms, on tlie upper front of the old 
building, was retained in nearly its ancient position, as 
a memento of the ancient days of the "City of Notions." 

The old Hancock House, Corn Court, is said to have 
been, in part, occupied by citizen Phillippe for teaching 
the French language, who afterwards became citizen 
King of France. 

King's Chapel, at the corner of Tremont and School 
streets was four years being built, on account of the stone 



118 



material of the building, being imported, most piobably 
irom England : — in 1750 the corner stone was laid, and 
in 1754, the building was completed: from 1677 to 1689, 
Episcopal Church services were held in the old Town 
house : at which latter date a wooden edifice w^as raised 
on the present site of the Church grounds, probably- 
granted for that purpose by Sir William Andros, the then 
Governor of the State, under Charles II, as lord of the 
soil. 

In 1700, on a peak of low land, northeast ofFaneuil 
Hall, a triangular building was erected, probably by- 
Dutch Tea Merchants, as they had been in the habit of 
supplying the inhabitants with teas, at a less price since 
1660, than could be afforded by the London East India 
Company, as most of the Teas from Holland were smug- 
gled into this market. 

TRIANGULAR WAREHOUSE, 




119 



It measured on Merchants Row 51 feet: and 15 feet of its 
south-west projection is in that street : — on Clinton street 
it extended 55 feet, and a few feet of its northeast corner 
is in that street .-—North INIarket street side, measured 48 
feet, and the mass of its area, is covered by the two west- 
erly stores on North market street : — our wood cut aives 
a general outside appearance of that Triangular Ware- 
house, and the Diagram shows the present disposition of 
the ground ; the building was taken down in 1824, to 
m.ake room for the City Market improvements. 

Merchants' Row. 




ANCIENT BUILDING. 

\ In 1680, A singularly shaped building of two stories, 
with many peaks to its roof: each story projecting over 
r.he other some two or more feet into the street, was erpc- 
.e& ; this building at the corner of Ann street and Dock 
^Square yet stands, after a lapse of 171 years, with its 
)riginal everlasting oak timbers, seeminaly to uphold it as 
irmly as ever ; the outside facing of this building, was 
)lastered rough cast, with broken glass imbedded in the 
nortar which has withstood the pelting, piked storms 
<vith imperturbable gravity: the size of the building is 
^2 by 17 feet, ground area ; built on the margin of Ben- 
lalPs Dock, which extended to Wilson's Lane and to 
irattle street. . 



120 

BUILDING CORNER OF ANN STUEET AND DOCK SQUARE. 




BOSTON EMIGRANT SOCIETY. 

This is a new Association, organized in April 1850, and 
composed of natives and foreigners, Protestants and Cath- 
olics. The design of the Association is, to aid newly ar- 
rived emigrants in finding their friends, in procuring lodg- 
ings and employment, and more especially, in emigrating 
to the interior of the country of the fertile West, for per- 
manent settlements, instead of dropping into the cellars 
and filthy holes, of the city, to be sufferers themselves, a 
burden to their fellov^ emigrants already here, and often 
a nuisance to the community. 

Such a society, if well managed, may prove an inval- 
uable helper to thousands of friendless emigrants who 
yearly land at our wharves, in protecting them from 
fraud and imposition of every kind, and counseling then 

*^* On page 118, for William, read Eihiiund Andros. 



121 

for their best interests. That the Boston Emigrant Soci- 
ety has began well, is evident from the report made of 
its doings during the eight months of its existance. 

Upwards of three hundred letters have been written 
by its clerk, to obtain information for newly arrived emi- 
grants : places have been obtained for upwards of 120 fe- 
males, and over 40 men and boys have procured perma- 
nent employment through this agency. Over 400 emi- 
grants have been forwarded to the Western country ; and 
$800 have been expended in paying board, and travel- 
ing expenses of destitute emigrants. 

Officers of the Emigrant Society. 
Patrick Donahoe, President. Deiuiis W. O'Brien, Vice President ; 
Arthur McAvoy, Treasurer. W. S. Baxter, Secretary. John Wilson, E. 
Ryan, Agents. 

THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION. 
"Was Organized Dec. 19, 1830 and Incorporated Feb. 5, 1841. 

The great object with this society is in treasuring and 
and preserving the Commercial, Agricultural, Manufac- 
turing and Social Statistics of the United States, and all 
that relates to the glory, happiness and prosperity of the 
country. 

They now posess a Library of about 1.500 volumes and 
many valuable statistical tables and documents in Manu- 
script. 

They have issued one volume of their Transactions, 
and have in contemplation the issuing another, as soon 
as that may be matured. 

At the annual meeting of this Association, the follow- 
ing officers were elected for the year : — 

George Shattuck, President; Edward .larvis, Samuel Swett, Vice 
Presidents; Joseph B. Felt, Recording Secretary ; William Brighara, 
Home Secretary ; Joseph E. Worcester, Corresponding Secretary; Ly- 
man Mason, Treasurer ; John P. Bigelow, Beta B. Edwards, C. Fran- 
cis Adams, Samuel H. Riddell, Charles Brooks, Theoph. R.Marvin, 
Joseph S. Clark, Nath B. Shurtleff, James M. Robbins, Cotmselors ; 
Joseph E. Worcester, Rufus Henderson, Joseph B. Felt, J. Wingate 
Thornton, Henry Wheatland, Publishing Committee. 

FATHERLESS AND WIDOWs' SOCIETY, 119 WASHINGTON STREET . 
Mrs. Jas F. Baldwin, President; Mrs. Wm. Reynolds, Trtaswr. 
11 



122 



ORTHODOX SABBATH SCHOOL UWION. 

The annual meeting of this Union was held in the 
Central Church. By an abstract of the reports of the 
Superintendents, we learn that the Salem street Church 
School, contains in the senior department, 350 pupils, 
in the infant department 70, teachers 42 ; Pine street 
School, seniors 240, infants 40, teachers 27; Park 
street, 220 scholars, teachers 21 ; Mason street School, 
200 scholars, 27 teachers ; Bowdoin street school, 237 
scholars, teachers 30 ; Fort Hill School, Mariner's church, 
167 scholars; Old Colony School, (a branch of the Cen- 
tral Church School) 220 scholars, about one-third of 
whom are Catholics, and 29 teachers ; Central Church 
School, 325 scholars, 30 teachers ; Mt. Vernon School, 
363 scholars; Edwards School, attendance from 285 to 
308, teachers 32 ; Essex street, 250 scholars, 34 teachers, 
Shawmut School, 234 scholars, 28 teachers. Two or 
three schools were not reported. The following are the 
officers for the year 1851. 

William Ropes, President ; WiWiam Gordon, Secretary ; George W. 
Ware, Albert Day, B. F. Whiltemore, J. W. Kimball," S. I. Leavilt, 
Z. Allen, Joseph Robbins, Standing Committee. 

prisoners' friend association, 

Formed July, 1848. 

This charitable society, works in a new field for 
beneficial results with a politic benificence ; that of 
receiving females at the gate of the House of Correction 
on expiration of the term of their imprisonment, and for 
a time supporting them ; and then placing them in the 
country, giving a chance and opportunity for them to 
repent and reform : what can be expected of a lone fe- . 
male, without friends, character or funds, who has once 
been publicly punished for violating the wholesome 
laws and restraints on society, but to be an out-cast, des- 
pised and rejected, if no attempt to reclaim and encour- 
age them in the ways of well-doing, does not present 
itself from any quarter. 

Capt. Robbins, the Overseer of the House of Correc- 



123 

tion has been in that ofRce for 20 years, and during that 
time he has caused many reformations to take place 
among the prisoners: and with the additional philan- 
thropic aid of this institution, in seeking for their future 
benefit on leaving that place of punishment, there is a 
probability of a great good to result therefrom. 

This Association had assisted 223 out of 500 females, 
discharged from the prison, previous to April 1850. (the 
time of publishing their Circular :) many of whom are 
now known to have returned to the paths of rectitude, 
sobriety, industry and repentance. An intelligent woman 
acts in the capacity of Agent, who is ever on the alert to 
receive these punished females, and to use all necessary 
means for their future propriety of conduct and to remove 
them from the City's contageous atmosphere and influ- 
ences, as inducing a life of vice, folly and infamy. 

The subscribers to the funds of this Society rank fore- 
most among the most renowned and respectable house- 
wives, and that the society may continue to do their 
Howardian god-like w^ork, in bringing forth backsliders, 
to a repentant state, donations must be made of clothing, 
food and funds from a more extended source, which will 
be thankfully received and faithfully appropriated^ if left 
at either of the following places. 

Mrs. Samuel May, 88 Atkiii»ou street; Mrs. Otis Everett, 740 Wasli- 
inprton street ; Mrs. B. H. Greene, 77 Dover street ; Mrs. S. Hall Jr., 
4 High street ; Mrs. O. H. Mather. Asylum street ; Mrs. A. G. Far- 
well, 12 Bulfinch street; Misses Thayer, 111 Harrison Avenue; Miss 
M. E. Tompkms, 66 Dover street ; Mrs. Isaac Jenkins, 583 Washing- 
ton street ; Mrs. Frank B. Fay, Chelsea. 

Officers of the Association. 

Frank B. Fay, President ; E. L. Everett, Secretary; Miss M. "W. 
Dickson, Age7it. 

FRAGMENT SOCIETY. 

Mrs. Daniel P. Parker, President, 40 Beacon st. Miss Margaret C. 
Smith, Secretary, Blackstone Square. Miss Mary Otis, Treasurer, Beacon 
near Spruce street. 

BOSTON ACADEMY OF MUSIC. 
George E. Head, President. Benjamin F. Edwards, Corresponding 
Secretary. Benjamin Perkins. Treasurer. 



124 



OFFICERS OF THE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL 
AT BOSTON, AND Mc'lEAN ASYLUM, SOMERVILLK. 1S51. 

William Applelon, President ; Robert Hooper, Vice President; Henry- 
Andrews, Treasurer ; Marcus Morton, Jr. Secretary. 

Trustees. — Nathaniel I. Bowditch, over Suffolk Bank. William S. 
Bullard, 39 India Wharf. George M. Dexter, 11 1-2 Tremonl Row. 
Thomas Lamb, Washington Ins. Co., State st. Amos A. Lawrence, IT 
Milk St. Francis C. Lowell, Mass. Hospital Life Ins. Co. John A~ 
Lowell, 71 Milk st. Charles H. Mills, 39 Milk st. Henry B. Rogers,. 
39 Court St. G. Howland Shaw, 51 Commercial Wharf, J. Thomas^ 
Stevenson, 11 1-2 Tremont Row. Edward Wigglesworth, 16 India 
Wharf 

Board of Consultation. — James Jackson, M. D„ John Jeffries, M. D., 
George C. Shattuck, M. D., Edward Reynolds, M. D. 
Officers of the Hospital. 

RichardWjirdler, Superintendent. 

Visiting Physicians.— Jacob Bigelow, M. D. D. Humphreys Storer^ 
M. D. John B. S. Jackson, M. D. Henry I. Bowditch, M. D. John 
D. Fisher, M. D. George C. Shattuck, Jr., M, D. 

Visiting Surgeons.— John C. Warren, M. D. George Hayward,M.D- 
Solomon D. Townsend, M. D. Henry J. Bigelow, M. D. Samuel 
Parkman. M. D. J. Mason Warren, M. D. 

Samuel L. Abbott, M. D., Admitting Physician. John E. Hathaway, 
Apothecary. 

House Physicians.— Calvin Ellis, M.D. Waldo J. Burnett, M. D. 

House Surgeons. — Ghas. D. Homans, M.D. Charles G. Adams, M.D. 
Officers of the McLean Asylnm. 

Lvther V. Bell, Physician and Superintendent, Chauncey Booth, Jr. 
M. D., Assistant Physician and Apothecary. Columbus Tyler, Steward. 
Mrs. Mary E. Tyler, Matron. Homer Goodhue, Male Supervisor. 
Miss Relief R. Barber, Female Supervisor. 
Committees. 
Messrs. Rogers and J. A. Lowell, Pret-hed Standing Committee. 
Messrs. Rogers and Wigglesworth, Committee on the Warren Fund. 
Mr. Rogers, Committee on the Book of Donations. Messrs. Lamb and 
F. C. Lowell, Committee on Finance. 

Visiting Ocmmittee. 

Messrs. Dexter and Lawrence, in January. Messrs. Lawrence and 
F C. Lowell, in February. Messrs. F. C. & J. A, Lowell, %n March. 
Messrs. J. A. Lowell and Rogers, in April. Messrs. Rogers and Shaw 
in May. Messrs. Shaw and Bowditch, in June. Messrs. Bowditch 
and Mills, in July. Messrs. Mills and Lamb, in August. Messrs. Lamb 
and Stevenson, in September. Messrs. Stevenson and Bullard, xn Octo- 
ber. Messrs. Bullard and Wigglesworth, in November. Messrs. Wig- 
glesworth and Dexter, in December. 

BRITISH CHARITABLE SOCIETY. 
Peter Wainwright, President. Mr. Knott, Vice President. John 
Bacon, Treasurer. George Greig, Secretary. 



125 



NEW ENGLAND HISTORIC GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY. 
See also page 49. 

The Society met for the choice of officers for A.D. 1851, 
when the following were unanimously elected : — 

^Rev. Joseph B. Felt, President ; Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, M. D., Vice 
President ; Samuel G. Drake, Corresponding Secretary ; Charles Mayo, 
Esq., Recording Secretary ; Frederick Kidder, Treasurer. 

The Society is in a prosperous and promising condi- 
tion, and has recently secured fine apartments at 11 1-2 
Tremont Row, where their library and other collections 
are arranged. 

MASSACHUSETTS MECHANIC ASSOCIATION. 
See also page 51. 

The following gentlemen are the officers for the year. 

Jonas Chickering, President ; Wm. C. Bond, Vice Presidetit ; Osmyn 
Brewster, Treasurer ; Erederick H Stiinpson, Secretary ; Robert Marsh, 
Joel Wheeler, Fred. W. Lincoln, Jr., Tlieo. R. Marvin, Samuel Adams, 
Hiram Bosworth, Granville Mears, Mathew Binaey, Jos. iM. Wightman, 
John Cowdiu, Charles G. King, Elias W. Goddard, Trustees ; George 
Yendell, Rolland Cashing, W. R. Bates, Thomas Richardson, Henry 
Hutchinson, Robert Ripley, Thomas Nair, Stephen Sheiton, Simon G. 
Cheever, Committee on Relief. 

YOUNG men's TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY, — OFFICERS FOR 1851, 
S. A. B. Bragg, President ; F. H. McLellan, S. P. Butler, Vice Presi- 
dents ; J. A. Ames, Treasurer; J. L. Coe, Recording Secretary; 
W. T. Adams, Corresponding Secretary. 

The Society is in a prosperous condition, and through 
its weekly meetings at Mechanic Hall, and a series of 
Lectures on Sunday evenings, is exercising a healthy 
influence. 

BOSTON FEMALE ASYLUM. S^e Page 53. 
Madam Prescott, First Directress. Mrs. Tracy, Second Directress. Mrs. 
T. B. Wales, Secretary. Miss Otis, Treasurer. 

Managers. — Mrs, Amos Lawrence, Mrs. Henry Hall, Mrs. William 
Reynolds, Mrs. Isaac Mansfield, Mrs. B. T. Pjckman, Mrs B. T. Reed., 
Mrs. James K. Milh, Mrs. Clias. F.Barnard, Mrs. Albert Fearing, Miss 
M. F. Lamb, Miss Jane Wigglesworth, Miss Elizabeth B. Inches. 

MASSACHUSETTS ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY. 
Francis Jackson, Presidrit. Edward Qnincy, Corresponding Secretary. 
Robert F. Wallcut Recordi.ig Secretary. Samuel May, Jr., Getieral Agent 
Office 31 Coruhili. 

11* 



136 



" 



HANDEL AND HAYDN SOCIETY. 

This society was formed in 18 15^ by 31 associated 
members ; their first government was Thomas Smith 
Webb for President; Amasa Winchester. Vice President ; 
Nathaniel Tucker, Treasurer; and Mr. M. S. Parlier Sec- 
retary, with a board of Trustees. 

Their meetings were held at Mr. Graupner's Hall in 
Franklin Street, and afterwards at the hall in Bedford 
Street : the expenses of the institution being defrayed 
from their own resources : the first public performance 
of an Oratorio, took place at the Stone Chapel, on Christ- 
mas eve, 1815 ; when upwards of 1000 persons attended 
and w^ere delighted with the selections from Haydn's 
Creation and from Handel's compositions ; their success 
at the time was all that could be expected, and their 
course from that dale to the present, has been onward, 
and upward, and the patronage fiom the public has been 
most ample and honorable. The society was incorpora- 
ted Feb. 9th, 1816. It increased so as to require a larger 
hall, and Boylston Hail was occupied by them from Feb. 
11, 1817 to 1839 : when, having about 160 effective sing- 
ers, and an orchestra of 35 instruments, with a powerful 
and melodious organ, from the manufactory of Thomas 
Appleton, they removed to the capacious Melodeon build* 
ing, and their first performance there was on the the 20th 
of 'December, 1839 : there they have aimed successfully 
to improve and give to the public a course of 8 or 10 per- 
formances on Sabbath evenings during the winter ; of the 
most grand and sublime strains from the greatest masters 
of magic sounds. 

Officers of the Handel and Hadyn Society for 1851. 

Charles C. Perkins, President; A. O. Bigelow, Vict President ; 
Joseph G. Oakes, Secretary ; Matthew S. Parker, Treasurer. 

Board of Trustees,— iohii Dodd, John S. Farlow, Isaac Gary, T. 
B. Frolhiugham, Harvey .]ewell, Josiah L. Fairbanks, John G. Hovey, 
Dexter W^ Wiswell, Samuel C. Ware. 

AMERICAN PEACE SOCIETY. 

William Jay. President Geori^e C. Beekwilh, Corresponding Secre- 
tary. William C Brown, Recording Secretary. John Field, Treasurer. 



127 



FRANKLIN TYPOGRAPHICAL SOCIETT. 

This Society interferes not with prices for labor. Its 
objects are, mutual improvement, the formation of a 
library for the use of its members, and for the relief of 
sick or distressed brethren. It is a worthy institution, 
and beneficial to every " type-sticker" who benefits the 
Society by his presence and fees of membership. The 
following officers were chosen for the year 1851 : 

Ambrose H. Goodrich, President : Georg-e B. Watson, Vice President : 
S. T. Damon, Secretary : Tlioinas J. Lillie, Treasurer: C. G. Eslabrooks, 
Librarian: Gilmaii Merrill, F. C. Still, Louis E. Fisher, Library Com- 
mittee: R. J. Gushing-, H. J. Fisher, Wm. A. Parker, Wm. Marden, 
H. A. McGlennen, J. Marks, W. Bradford, G. A. Lanjjford, Directors. 

OFFICERS OF THE BOSTON PRINTERS UNION. 
George Wadhani, Pre.tj'ffen^ Charles H. Woodwell, Vice President. 
Charles G. Easierbrook, Treasurer. Samuel T. Damon, Recording 
Secretary. \V. Tremaine Clark, Corresponding Secretary. Francis C. 
Still, James Carey, and Henry J Fisher, Committee of Inquiry. Chavle.s 
T. C. Brooks, James Marks, and John W. Dole, Auditing Committee. 

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR PROPOGATING 
THE GOSPEL, 1850. 

Hon. Lemuel Shaw, LL. D. President. Rev. William .Tenks, D. D 
Vice President. Rev. Francis Parkman, D. D. Secretary. Hon. Stephen 
Fairbanks, Treasurer, Kev. S. K, Lothrop, Assistant Secretary. Edward 
Wiijglesworth, Esq., Vice Treasurer. B^injamin Guild, Esq. Auditor. 

Select Committee.— Rev . Samuel Barrett, D. D. Rev Convers Francis, 
D. D. Rev. George E. Ell;s, Edw. Wiggleswortli, Esq. Rev. Samuel 
K. Lothrop. With the President, Secretary, and Treasurer. 

Missionaries in the employment of the Society, 
Rev. William G. Eliot ... St. Louis and destitute vicinity, Missouri. 
Rev. Mordecai De Lange Quincy and destitute vicinity, Illinois. 
Rev. Augustus H. Conant Geneva and destitute vicinity, Illinois. 
Rev. Geo. W. Woodward. Galena, Savannah, and destitute vicinity. 
Rev. T. C. Adam ....... Manchester, CliiUon, and do. Michigan. 

Rev. Henry Emmons . . . Vernon, Oneida, and do. New York. 

Rev. E. T. Gerry Siaudish, E. Standish. and W. Gorham Me, 

Mr. Newton Teacher of the School at the Isle of Shoals. 

Rev. Abraham Plumer . . Island of Matinicus, Maine. 

Rev. Pliineas Fish .... Indians of Marshpee and Herring Pond. 

AMERICAN BOARD COMMISSIONERS FOR FOREIGN MISSIONS. 

Theodore Frelinghuysen. LL. D., President ; Thomas S. Williams, 
Vict President ; Rufus Anderson, D. D., Rev Selah B. Treat, Swan L. 
Pomroy, D. D., Secretaries ; Henry Hill, Esq., 2Veo5wrer. 



Missionary Room 23 Pemberlon square. 



128 

AMERICAN UNITARIAN ASSOCIATION. 

Officers for 1S50-51. • 

Rev. Ezra S. Gannett, D. D President. Rev. Samuel K. Lothrop, 
Hon. Stephen Fairbanks, Vice Presidents. 

Executive Committee and Directors. — Rev. James W. Thompson D.D. 
Isaiah Bangs, Esq, Hon. Albert Fearing, Rev. Alonzo Hill, Rev. Charles 
Bronks. 

Henry P. Fairbanks, Esq., Treasurer. Rev. Calvin Lincoln, Secretary. 
Depository ill Washington Street. 

ST. VINCENT DE PAUl's FEMALE ORPHAN ASYLUM. 

Sisters of dkarity, 40 Purchase street. Orphans, 52 ; 
Sisters of Charaty, 7 ] number of scholars at day school. 
250. 

MASSACHUSETTS HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY. 

Leonard Woods D. U. Presidetit. Rev. Joseph T. Clark, Suretary. 
Benjamin Perkins, Esq., Treasurer. Office 28 Cornhlll. 

BOSTON PORT SOCIETY, scc page 59. 

Albert Fearing, President. 16 and 17 City Wharf. John A. Andrews, 
Secretary. 4 Court st. Charles Henry Parker, Treasurer. 16 Court st. 

AMERICAN TRACT SOCIETY. 

John Tappan, Esq , President Rev. Seth Bliss, Secretary and General 
Agent. Hon. George Denney, Treasurer. Mr. N. P. Kemp, ^Depository 
Agent. Depository 28 Cornhill. 

mechanics' apprentices' LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, 
See page 48. 
James G. Haynes, President ; G. B. Russell, Vice President ; George 
Knnit, Treasxirer ; James Smith, Recorditig Secretary; Charles W. 
Eaton, Corresponding Secretary; Henry Mcintosh. 1st Librarian ; John 
"W. Smith, 2d do.; Charles Kmght, 2d do; Hubert Gleason, 4iA do.; 
Robert Trilmer, lit Director; Curtis Jenkins, 2d do.; T. A. Abbott, 
3d do.; J. H. Davis, ith do. ; Henry McDonough, 5tk do. 

MASSA'CECSETTS CHARITABLE FIRE SOCIETY, INSTITUTED 1794. 
See page 52. — Officers for the year 1851. 
Adam W. Thaxter, President ; William T. Andrews, Vice President; 
Solomon Hovey, Trea.^urer ; S. F. McCleary, Corresjjondi/ig Secretary ; 
Enoch Hobart, Recording Secretary. 

MASSACHUSETTS CHARITABLE EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY, 
CHARLES STREET. 

Patients are received into their house. 

Robert G. Shaw. President ; James Lawrence, Secretary; J. W. 
Edmunds, Treasurer; Edward Reynolds. R. W. Hooper, Georg-e A. 
Bethune, Surgeons. 



129 



BOSTON MARINE SOCIETY. — OFFICE 68 COMMERCIAL STREET. 

Officers for 1851. 
Capt. Robt. B. Storer, President ; (.'apt. John S. Sleeper, Vice Presi- 
dent ; Oapl. Robt. B. Edes, Secretary ; Capt. Thos. Lamb, Treasurer; 
Capts. James B. Liiicoiu, Willis Howes, C.W. Apthorp,. Elias E. Davi- 
son, H. K. Loriiig, Ezra H. Baker, John Williams, Osborn Howes, 
Ebeiir. Davis, James Beal, Trustees; Capts. I. M. Atkins, Willis 
Howes, Jairus B. Lincoln, Henrv K. Lorin^:, John Williams, Committee 
of Relief; Capts. Robt. B. Ede.s, I. M. Alkms, Willis Howes, Port 
Wardens. 

AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UNION. 
G. N. Briggs, President ; Rev. W.M. Shailer, Recordiji^ Secretary ; R. 
E. Eddy, Esq , Treasurer ; S. Peck, D. D. and Rev. Edw. Briglet, Jr. 
Correspo7iding Secretaries. 

Rooms 13 Somerset street, corner of Howard street. 

BOSTON ATHEN^UM, BEACON STREET. — INSTITUTED 1804; IN- 
CORPORATED 1807. — See page 45. 

Thomas G. Gary, President ; John A. Lowell, Vice President; Josiah 
Quiiicy, Jr., Treasurer; Henry T. Parker, Secretary ; Charles Folsom, 
Librarian ; Cliarles B. Fairbanks, Assistant Librarian. 

Number of volumes 60,000. 

PERKINS INSTITUTION AND MASSACHUSETTS ASYLUM FOR THE 
BLIND. — INSTITUTED 1831. 

At the Mount Washington House, South Boston ; Office 
20 Bromfield street. 

Richard Fletcher, President ; Edward Brooks, Vice President ; T. B. 
Wales, Jr., Treasurer ; Samuel G. Howe, Director and Secretary. 

Terms of Admission $160 per annum for board, wash- 
ing, books, &c. For particulars address S. G. Howe, 
Boston. 

NON-RESISTANCE SOCIETY. 

Adin Ballou, Prcsirfe?!^ Henry C. W^right, Correspondins: Secretary, 
AVilliara H. Fish, Recording Secretary. Charles K. Whipple Treasurer. 

PENITENT FEMALE REFUGE. RUTLAND, NEAR SUFFOLK STREET. 
See page 54. 
James C. Dunn, President : Wm. Davenport, Secretary ; IMaria How- 
land, Amelia Wilde, Rebecca H. Foster, Superintendents. 

NEEDLE-WOMAn'S FRIEND SOCIETY. 

Sale Rooms, Washington street, corner of Avon Place. 

Mrs. T. B. Wales Presidtnt. 



130 

OFFICFRS 
OF THE MERCANTILE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. 

for 1S51. See Page 47. 

William H. Kennard, President. Elihu C. Baker, Vice President. R. P. 
Chamberlain, Corresponding Secretary. C. B. Patten, Recording Secre- 
tary. Lyinaii H. Tasker, Treasurer. 

Directors.— Thos. S. Waterman, James A. Woolson, Theo. Stan- 
wood, Jr., Chas. W. Wriglit, VVm. A. Walker, Jolui G. Proctor, Jr., 
Geo. E. Learnard, O. H. Dullon. 

Trmtees. —Danie] N. Haskell, Thomas J. Allen, Elliot C. Cowdin, 
Warren Sawyer, Francis G. Allen. 

Committee on Lectures.— Chiiriesi H. Allen, Wm. H. Kennard, Elihu 
C. Baker, Jas. P. AValker, Georg:e S. Blaachard. 

Librarians. ~S. H. C. Campbell, Henry Molineux, Samuel Briarham. 

Committee on E.rpenditures.—L. H. Tasker, E.G. Baker, O.H. Button. 

Committee on Library. Theo. Stan wood, Jr., Jas. A. Woolson, J. C. 
Proctor, Jr. 

Committee on Purchase of Books. —"£> C. Baker, Theo. Stanwood, Jr. 
Thos. S. Waterman. 

Committee on Neivspapers and Pamphlets.— R. P. Chamberlain, 
James A. Woolson, Wm. A. Walker. 

Committee on Coins and Curiosities.--Thos. S. Waterman, J. C. 
Proctor. Jr., Geo. E. Learnard. 

Committee on Declamation.— O. H. Dulton, H. L. Bascom, S. P. 
Adams. 

Commitee on Debate.— C. W. Wrisrht, G. L. Bellows, Augustus Russ. 

Committee on Composition.— VV. A. Walker, William Pearce, 
J. M. Richards. 

BOSTON LYING-IN HOSPITAL, 718 WASHINGTON STREET. 
Officers for 1851. 

Meetino-s at the Hospital 1st Tuesday of every month. 

Hon James Savage, President ; Thomas B. Wales, Vice President; 
Charles Lowell, D. D. Francis Boj'd, Stephen Fairbanks, Josiah Fiagg, 
M. D., Francis Parkman, D. D., George Hayward, M. D., —(Chosen 
by the Massachusetts Humane Society,) John Homans, M. D., Charles 
Ainorv'.— (Chosen by the Massachusetts Charitable Fire Society,) Wil- 
liam T. Andrews, John W Warren, M. D., Trustees ; Francis Boyd, 
S-cretary ; Henderson Inches, Treasurer ; Horace Dupee, Luther Parks, 
Jr., Attending Physicians ; Mira Rice, Matron. 

MASSACHUSETTS CHARITABLE SOCIETY, FOUNDED 1762, 

INCORPORATED 1780. Officers for 1851. 

Joseph \V. Homer, President ; Charles Ewer, Vice President ^ Daniel 
Henchman, Secretary ; Uriel Crocker, Treasurer. 

BOSTON BENEFIT SOCIETY. 
Officers for 1851. 
M. T. Robinson, President j George H. Niebahr, Secretary ; Jamei 
Knott, Jr., Treasurer . 



m 



SUFFOLK COUNTY FLOUR MILLS. 

At the head of Eastern Rail Road Wharf, on Commercial 
street; established in 1849, This establishment has the 
power and facilities for bolting 400 barrels of flour per 
day, propelled by one Steam Engine of 100 Horsepower. 
The buildings are worthy of being inspected by strangers 
to any similar operation and they are politely received 
by the superintendent. 

A statistical Horse power is, a power to raise 130 
pounds to an elevation of one hundred feet, in one minute. 

Daniel Hammond, President ; William Lincoln, James S. Wiggin, 
William W. Allcott, J. Wingate Thornton, Directors. 




MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL SOCIETY, SAVINGS BANK BUILDING. 
See page 44. Officers for 1851. 
Hon James Savage, President ; Joseph Willard, Esq.. Recording Sac- 
ret ary ; Rev. Alexander Young, D. D. Corresponding Secretary; 
Rev. J. B Felt, Librarian; Richard Frolhingham, Jr , Esq., Treasurer; 
Isaac P. Davis, Esq., Cabinet Keeper. 

FEMALE SAMARITAN SOCIETY. 
Mrs. G. Davis, President ; Mrs. J. O. Lakeman, Secretary. 



132 



MASSACHUSETTS LEGISLATIVE TEMPERANCE SOCIETY. 
Officers for the year 1851. 

His Excellency Gov. George S. Boutwell, President; Henry W. 
Cushman, I.ieul. Governor; Henry Wilson, President of the Senate ; 
Nathaniel P.Banks, Jr., Speaker of the House; AmasaWalker, Secre- 
tary of State, Vice Presidents. Thomas Gill, Reporter of the Post, Re- 
cording Secretary. John Clark, Reporter of the Courier, Corresponding 
Secretary. Charles T. Rus.sell, Treasurer. 

Executive Committee., — E. K. VVhitaker, of the Council, Ralph San- 
ger, of Dover; Henry H. Baker, of Georgetown; Lyman W. Daggett 
of Altleboro'; William Claffin, of Hopkinton ; Charles Mason, of Fitch- 
burg, and Rodney Hunt, of Orange. 

MA.SSACHUSETTS INSTITUTION FOR THE TEACHING AND TRAINING 
OF IDIOTS, MT. WASHINGTON, SOUTH BOSTON. 

OfRce 20 Bromfield street. 

S. G. Howe, Director ; James B. Richards, Superintendent and 

Teacher . 

BOSTON children's FRIEND SOCIETY. 

Officers for 1851. I 

Mrs. Margaret D. Baldvv^in, President ; Mrs. Sarah W. Gushing, Se- j 
cretary ; Miss Catherine Mears, Treasurer; Mrs. William Reynolds, 
Mrs. J. C. Proctor, Mrs. Daniel Noyes, Vice Presidents. I 

PARENT WASHINGTON TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY. 

Wm. R. Stacy, President; George B. Proctor, Srcretar\f; Daniel 
S. Tarr, Treasurer. Regular meetings at AVashingtonian Hall, Brom- 
field street, every Sunday, Wednesday and Saturday evening. 

NORTH-END TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY. 

David Porter, President. Meetings every Monday evening, at the 
Bethel, corner of Commercial and Levi'is streets. 

RAILROADS. 

Boston & Lowell, R.R. op. 1835 ; Shares ^500 ; station, Low^ell street 
Eastern R.R , op. 1838; Shares $100 ; station. Eastern av. Com'l st. 
Boston & Maine R.R., op. 18-36 ; Shares ,$?100 ; station Haymarket sq. 
Northern R.R., op. 1846; Shares $100 coiuiectcd with Lowell R.R. 
FiTCHBURG R.R., op. 1S45 ; Shares $100 ; Station on Causeway street.'i 
Western R.R. , op. 1S39; Shares SlOO ; station Beach street. '" 

Providence R.R. , op, 1836; Shares $100; station Pleasant street. 
Old Colon-? R.R., op. 1845; Shares $100 ; 1 Station corner of South 
Fall River R.R., op. 1846 , Shares $100 ; j and Kneeland streets. 
N Bedford & Taunton Branch R.R ; station on Pleasant st. (Prov. sla.) 
Cape Cod Branch R.R., at the Old Colony station. 
Stomngton R.R.; Providence station, Pleasant st., bottom of Common. 
Worcester & Nashua R.R., op. 1835; Shares $100; station Beach st. 
Norfolk CoTTNTY R R.; station on Pleasant st.. Providence Railroad. 
Vermont Central R.R., in connexion with Lowell and Fitchburg slat. 
Chkshike R.R.J from the Fitchburg station, Causeway street. 



133 

Rutland & Burlington R.R., from the Fitchburg station. 
Concord & Montheal R R. is connected witii tlie Lowell R.R. 
Connecticut <.t Passumpsic R.R. is coimected with the Lowell R.R. 
N. Hampshire Central R.R is connected with the Lowell R.R. 

FOUR ROUTES TO NEW YORK. 

jst. — New York by the Old Colony line to Fall River, (53 miles,) then 

by steamer, by Newport, to New York, (183 miles.) 
2d. — To Providence and Stonington, (92 miles,) thence by steamer, (125 

miles) to New York. 
3d. — To Worcester and Norwich, to Allyn's Point, (110 miles.) thence 

by steamer, (128 miles.) to New York. 
.4lh.— To Worcester and Springfield, (98 miles,) Hartford & New Haven 

R.R., (63 miles,) thence by N. Haven R.R., (77 miles) or by steamer, 

(78 miles) to New York. 

DISTANT FROM THE OLD STATE HOUSE. STATE STREET. 

To Summer street, southerly, ,'4 Miles. 

" Boylsion street, do >3 

" Cherry street, do 1 

" South Boston bridge, do l}i 

^' Roxbury Line, do 2}^ 

" Universalist Church, Roxbury, 2^ 

*' Providence Station, south west, >4 

" Worcester Station, south east, % 

" Lowell Station, north west, ^s 

'' Maine Station, north, X 

" Eastern Station, north east >2 

^' Massachusetts Hospital, north west fi 

" McLean Asylum, at Somerville, do 2 

" Charlestown Square, north, 1 

" State Prison, north west, IH 

'' Bunker Hill Monument and Navy Yard, north 1)4 

" Chelsea, north east, 2 

" Cambridge st. cor. of N. Russell st }4 

" Cambridge Bridge, west. i?4 

" Cambridgeport, do 2}^ 

" Harvard University, do 2}4 

" Mount Auburn, do 4^^ 

" Winnisimmet Ferry, north east, ?3 

-" Maverick Square, East Boston, north east, l>a 

f Charles St. cor. of Western Avenue, west, ^i 

■" Warren street, south, , ^-^ 

" Leveret st. cor. of Causeway st. north westerly, >^ 

•" Hanover St. cor. of N. Bennet St. north east, K 

■" End of Long Wharf, east, >2 

<• Foot of Fayette street, south west 1 

*' Through Fed. st. to Broadway, S. B. south east, ... 1>^ 

" Mt. Washington & Dorch'r Heights, S.B. east by south, 2 

" House of Reformation, do 2X 

From Roxbury Line to Winnisimmet Ferry, 2^^ 

From Providence Station to W'orcester Station, ^i 

Around the Common, *. 1 >» 

12 



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10 1.0 lo ic to ! 

OD QO GO 03 C/) GO ■ 



A PLAGIARIST PREACHER. 

A young preacher, who con- 
cluded he might adopt the cogita- 
tions of better sermonisers than 
himself, without detection from 
any of his parishoners, gave free 
latitude to that habit; yet, he was 
not undiscovered by some few of 
the older part of his church : on 
one occasion, he dilated in fine 
glowing language, on the charac- 
ter of the christian, when an old 
gentleman, said in a low tone of 
voice, "That is Tillotson; " the 
preacher continued on for a few 
more passages, when he ,was 
heard to say, " That's Masillon," 
at the close of another strain, 
''That's Channing," and atanoth- 
" That's Dr. Dodd," and at anoth- 
er, '-That's Blair," — for he knew 
em all by heart — the minister 
being provoked at thus being ex- 
po.sed, leaned over the pulpit, and 
said to him, "I wish you to take a 
seat farther off from the sacred 
desk, for you interrupt the servi- 
ces !" The gentleman looked the 
parson full in the face and mutter- 
ed, " That's his own, and all of 
the sermon that is. " 



12* 



138 



PUBLIC HOUSES IN BOSTON. 



Na}7ies vf Hoiians. 


Locations. 


By ivhoni kept. 


Adams House, 


371 Washington street, 


Daniel Chamberlin. 


Alliaiiy Houl, 


Albany, c. Kneeland st. 


Isaac Hall, Jr. 


Albion House, 


Treuioni, c. Beacon st. 


J. W Barton. 


Amer. Chaiis^e Hotel, 


184 and 1«() Harrison av. 


A . Hathaway. 


Aiiiericaa House, 


4-2 Hanover st. 


Lewis Rice. 


Bed ford House, 


Kndicot, cor. Cross st. 


S. Wilson. 


Ben Franklin, 


3 Morion place, 


Chas. S.siMartin. 


Bite Tavern, 


8 Market sq. 


Thomas Davis. 


Bronifield House, 


JJromfield st. 


S. Crockett. 


Buffalo House, 


37 Lincoln street. 


J. Merritt. 


Casile Point Hotel, 


Fourth, S. B. 


H. Walker. 


Central House, 


9 Brattle sq. 


Benj. True. 


Chestnut Cotiaere, 


15 Portland st. 


B. Graffam. 


City Hotel, 


Brattle st. 


Geo. W. (-.age. 


Connner. Coffee House 


Milk, cor.Batterymarch, 


Whitney & White, 


Concert Hall, 


Hanover, e Court st. 


P. B. Brigham,^ 


Congress House, 


Pearl, c. High ol. 


E. Jones. 


CornliiU Coffee House, 


Cornhill court. 




Davenport's Inn, 


3 Cornhill square. 


C. F. Davenport. 


Eagle Hotel, 


•24 Ann st. 


Hi Roger?' 


Eagle Coffee House, 


Lewis, c. Fulton, 


Girard Torhorst. 


Piast. Exchange Hotel, 


Eastern av. E. R. R Wf. 


J. B. Carter. 


Eastern R. R. House, 


115 Commercial st. 


G. IVasson. • 


East. Steamboat House 


23 Commercial street, 


J. G. Nott. 


Elm St. Hotel, 


9 Elm street, 


Oscar Knox & Co. 


Empire House, 


E. R. R. wharf, 


A. Salisbury. 


Exchange Coff. House 


Congress sq. & Devon, st. 


McGill & Fearmg. 


Fire Department Hotel 


Souili Boston, 


T. Hutchinson. 


Fitchbarg Exchange, 


Canal, cor. Causeway st. 




Fountain House, 


Beach, cor. Harrison av. 


William AVildes. 


Franklin House, 


44 MerchaiUs row. 


Cross, Sarnpsoit& Co 


Freeman's Inn, 


Sea St. near the bridge, 


Jeremiah Brown. 


German Coffee House, 


155 Pleasant st. 


C. Plaff 


Gibbs' Hotel, 


Mass. Block, Court Sq. 


H. E. Wood. 


Globe Hotel, 


Hanover, c. Commerc'lsl 


S. C. Brooks. 


Golden Queen, 


First street. 


J. L. Fisher. 


Hancock House, 


Corn Court, 


J. A. Duggan, 


Hanover House, 


50 Hanover st. 


Wilson &. Gilmail- 


Hope House, 


2G Ann street, 


Thomas Roed. 


Jefferson House, 


16 Ann street. 


L. Clark. 


La Grange Hotel, 


17 Union street, 


J. A. Drew. 


Lowell House, 


Lowell, cor. Barton st. 


C. Ober. 


Mansion House, 


95 Hanover st. 


E. G unison. 


Mariner's House, 


North Square, 


William Brodhead, 


Marlboro' Hotel, 


229 Washington st. 


Proctor & Park*. 


Massachusetts House, 


Endicot, cor. Cross st. 


D. Harvey. 


Msssacliusetts Hotel, 


40 School street. 


J. B. Gibbs. 


Maverick Hoii.*e, 


Maverick sq. 


D. Bryant. 


Mechanics Hotel j 


112 Cambridge st. 


H. Bates. 



139 



Names of Houses. 
Merchants Ex. Hotel, 
Merchants Hotel, 
Merrimac H >use, 
Middlesex House, 
Moiitezuina House, 
Moutgomery House, 
National House, 
New England House, 
Norlbllv House, 
Old Colony House, 
Orb'-^olel, 
Park House, 
Pantheon House, 
Patterson House, 
Pavilion, 

Pearl Street House, 
Pemberton House, 
Phoenix House, 
Quincy House, 
Kailroad House, 
Headhead's Hotel, 
Revere House, 
Richmond House, 
Sailors Home, 
Shades, 
Shades, 
blade's Hotel, 
•South Boston Hotel, 
^Slackpole House, 
St. Charles Hotel, 
Traders Hotel, 
Tremont House, 
'Tremont Strei-t Hotel 
Twelfth Ward Hotel, 
Union Hotel, 
Union House, 
United Slates Hotel, 
Vermont Cent'l House 
AVashing-. Cofl". House 
Washi)igton House, 
Western Avenue Hole! 
Western Hotel, 
Western R. R. Hotel, 
Whitnty's Hotel, 
Winthrop House, 



Location. 
State St. 
13 Change av. 
Merrimac c. Friend st. 
47 Portland street, 
52 Kneeland street, 
Tremont, c. Bromfieldst. 
Blackslone, cor. Cross st. 
Clinton street, 
25 Elm street, 
South, cor. Kneeland st. 
8 Avery street, 
Boyl>ton cor. Tremont, 
439 Washington st. 
11 Elm street, 
41 Tremont row, 
Pearl, cor. Milk st. 
Howard street, 
Pleasant, opp. -Eltct st. 

1 Brattle sq. 
Turnpike st. S. Boston, 
StI South, c. Kneelind .st. 
Bovvdoin sq. c. Bulfinch si 
Richmond st 

99 Purchase st. 

2 Cornhill sq. 

2 Morton place, 
5 Tremont row. 
73 Fourth street, 
38 Milk street. 
Beach, cor. Lincoln st. 
22 Union street, 
Tremont street, 
Tremont, cor. Canton st. 
Fourth St. cor. Turnpike 
Maverick sq. E Boston. 
175 1-2 Hanover street. 
Beach, cor. Lincoln st. 
Canal, c. Causeway, st. 
153 Washington St. 
b'31 Washington st. 
Mill Dam, 

94 and 9() Cambridge st. 
11 Albany street, 
Lincoln street, 
Tremont cor. Boylston st 



By vj/iom kept.x 
Henry Dooley. 
Ephriam Hayes. 
Solomon Hayes. 

F. A. Stone. 
Samuel M. Bancroft 
Parker & Wilson. 
Hiram 'ffibbs. 

L. Maynard. 

J. A. Hohart. 

Patrick Hilly. 

William Stuart. 

B. D. :\l<^i?.l. 

John Holton. 

M. & M. Wildes. 

W. E. Kussell. 

HitchcocktVHuggins 

U. W.Carr. 

J. Reed. 

Wheelock & Long. 

T. Leavitt. 

A. T. Readhead. 

P. Stevens. 

A. S. Clark. 
John O. Chaney. 
Mrs. Thomas Bates 
T. D. Park, 
.lames L. naHs^n. 
S. Mc Inlire. 
Alex. McGregor. 
Maiming & Lyford. 
John Bryant. 

J. L.Tucker & Co. 

G. W. Haselline 
G. Holmes 

B. Haynes. 

M. J. Brockway. 
Spooner & Silsby. 
A. D. Pattee. 
E. S. Goodiiow, 
Azariah Cooley. 

D. W. Hopkins. 

E. H. Doo little. 
Alba Hathaway. 
Charles Whitney. 
R.W. Holnian&Co 




140 



IMPROVEMENTS IN BOSTON. 
FRANKLIN PLACE. 

Thejirst block of buildings erected in Boston, was the 
range called the "Tontine" in Franklin Place. Up to 
the year 1792, it had been a slongh or quagmire, and to 
build there, was deemed quixotic : it was first drained 
and laid out as a garden ; a fish pond formed, and stored 
with gold and silver fish by its owner, Joseph Barrell. 
A number of persons associated and made investments 
for building, and at the expiration of a number of years, 
the property was to be divided among the surviving 
subscribers : they petitioned the Legislature lor an act 
of incorporation, but which was refused. The corner 
stone for the two crescent rows of 15 buildings each, of 
three stories height, was laid Aug. 8, 1793 : the centre 
building of the south row, has an arched passage-way, 
for carriages through into Arch street, which building is 
the property of the '' Boston Library Society." In the 
centre of the area between the two crescent rows, is an 
enclosed grass-plat of 300 feet, in the form of an elipse, 
and in the centre of the plat is a monumental Urn to the 
memory of Dr. Franklin : as the whole of these grounds 
will probably be cleared off to make room for the strides 
of modern improvement, the principles of economy ex- 
emplified in the Doctor's hieroglyphic card, or art for 
making money iilenty in both pockets ^ may with propriety 
be introduced, for the benefit of those minds not well 
drilled on that beneficial subject of ethics, or it may be- 
come an useful gymnasium-puzzle to interpret its em- 
blems. 

The second block of brick buildings erected in Bos- 
ton, was on the west side of Court street, between How- 
ard street and Bowdoin square, in 1800, called West 
TOW. South row, next to the Old South Church, was 
built at the same time ; and the North row on the west 
side of Fish (Ann) street in 1802; and about that time, 
four buildings next the Park street Church, were erect- 
ed : by the fall of 1804, the houses at the corner of Park 



141 

and Beacon streets were built— Hamilton Place in 1806 
— Bumstead Place immediately after — Piiickney, Han- 
cock and Myrtle streets and the whole exient of Mount 
Vernon, which in 1799 presented a repulsive, dreary 
wast^, on which only three decent houses were to be 
seen, were soon covered with extensive ranges of hand- 
some and fashionable blocks of dwelling hoasesj — in 
180(3, that part of the ''village" had become the res- 
idence of many wealthy and prominent families ; Bea- 
con hill and all the eminences west of it were leveled, 
and the subtracted earth was used to fill up the mill-pond 
where the Maine R. R. Station is now located ; this was 
done by the Boston Mill CoRroRATioN, incorporated 
March 9, 1804 ; and certain associated persons were in- 
corporated as the Pond street Corporation, for making 
a street (Endicot) across the mill-pond from Middle 
(Hanover) street, to the old Charlestown Bridge, March 
11, 180P, a distance of 1980 feet. Charlestown street 
was soon after made, and with astonishing rapidity that 
whole area of 42 acres of made land, was covered with 
work shops and dwellings. About this time Copp's hill 
was being razed and brick buildings erected in Lynn 
(Commercial) street : those were the principal improv- 
ments going on at the North part of the town. Sundry 
persons associated for building a street, under the title 
of the "Broad street association," and were incorporated 
Feb. 14, 1805, and while this was progressing, another 
company projected and finished India Wharf; India St., 
from India wharf to the head of Long wharf, with the 
stores on it, were ready for occupancy in 1807, 8 and 9. 
The range of four story stores from State street to Pur- 
chase, on the west side of Broad street, a distance of 1473 
feet was quickly completed ; Central Wharf was built 
in 1816, 1240 leet in length by 150 in breadth, having 
54 stores on it : in the centre building is a spacious Hall 
which has been used as a Chapel for the benefit of Sea- 
men, over which is a furnished observatory. 
While these great works were progressing, Mr. Cot- 



142 

ting, who was the eminent projector of many of them, 
was planning Market (Cornhill) street : in 1817 a block 
of stores was erected on each side ; the north side being 
432 feet and the south 436 feet in length, on a curved 
line ; they were the first buildings wilh granite pillars, 
united to brick walls, erected in the "village :" in 1819 
Brattle street was opened, and a block of elegant four 
story houses built with granite front, on its north line, 
being the first built of stone. Fort-hiil was put in good 
shape, and the town lots there sold for dwelling-house 
lots and called Washington Place, surrounding a fenced- 
in green plat, 200 feet diameter, ornamented with trees: 
North Russell, Vine and Poplar streets, and the neigh- 
borhood of the Mass. Hospital nearly to Cragie's Bridge, 
which had been marsh and pasture ground, or improved 
only for Ropewalks, was converted into good building 
lots, and was soon covered with substantial houses : 
Beacon street presented a busy scene of building elegant 
private single houses, according to the taste of the own- 
ers ; and Colonnade row on the east of the Common in 
1814, presented an elegant and imposing range of 24 
buildings of an uniform size and style ; besides many 
courts, rows, squares and places, comprising from 6 to 
12 buildings each, were erected in various parts of the 
town about that time. 

EXCHANGE COFFEE HOUSE, 1808. 

The old Exchange Coffee House, covering 12,753 
square feet of ground, was completed in 1808; the present 
building bearing that title, stands on part of the ground, 
it was destroyed by fire Nov, 3, 1818 ; it was the most 
extensive establishment of the kind in the United States: 
the building was commenced for a speculation, based on 
the circulation of Farmers Exchange Bank bills, which 
had no actual capital, worth nothing ; the house cost up- 
wards of half a million of dollars, and unfortunately, the 
bills were so current as to permit it to be built with seven 
stories instead of four, as originally designed. When on 



143 

fire at its attic, it was beyond the reach of engine pow- 
er; and as Benjamin Austin expressed himself, on learn- 
ing the result, "it was conceived in sin, brought forth ia 
iniquity, but it is now purified by fire, " 

To the top of the dome of the building, was 100 feet, 
and the diameter of that dome 100 feet 10 inches : the 
house contained 210 rooms, with a dining room to seat 
300 persons : the principal floor was intended for a pub- 
lic exchange, but never used for that purpose : it had a 
reading room, an observatory, billiard rooms, bar, &c.&c. 
The next morning, the whole isolated front wall on Con- 
gress street, 90 feet high and 80 wide, seemed tottering:; 
the opposite buildings were only 28 feet from the wall, 
but in the course of that and the succeeding day, it was 
leveled without any damage to the buildings, or the 
thousands of spectators who were witnesses to that sub- 
lime wreck of matter, 

merchants' exchange building. 

This edifice is near the centre of State Street, erect- 
ed in 1824 ; the building extending with a public 
lie walk or thoroughfare through its entire extent into 
Lindall St. a length of 170 feet : besides an entrance at 
each end of the building, is one on its west centre, from 
Congress Street : it is advantageously situated and ar- 
ranged for the trading, traveling community : in it, is the 
Post Office department : Merchants' public Reading 
Room : a Hotel, kept by Henry Dooley, with various 
Offices for public concerns : the only indifferent feature 
about the whole concern, is the sculptured vignette 
over its front portico, which forcibly reminds one of 
the old primmer cuts, were many things were crowded 
together without any relation to size or propriety, if they 
could only be wedged in. 

A brick block in Alden's lane, comprising three hand- 
some houses, were built in 1844, by Ezra Trull. 

In 1845, the Cruft Block of four granhe front Ware- 
houses of four storieSj on Pearl streetj and six convenient 



144 

dwelling houses in their rear, were erected by Mr. Cruft 
on the spot previously occupied by his house and garden 
plat. 

Oregon Block of three spacious warehouses of four 
stories, with granite front, was built by John Fairbanks in 
1846, on Pearl street. 

Brooks Block also of four stories with granite front, 
and four stores, was erected in 1847, on Pearl street. 

Milk Street Block, fronting Federal street, of four 
granite front stores, was built in 1845 by Mr. Wm God- 
dard. 

BowDoiN Block, on Milk street, erected in 1845 by 
Andrew Carney, comprising three Warehouses. 

Sewall Block of three stores, erected in 1846 of four 
stories on Milk street by I. E. & N. Brown. 

Morton Block of five superior Warehouses on Milk 
street, was erected in 1845 by Mr. Pliny Cutler and 
others. 

Lawrence Block of two Warehouses, on Milk street, 
erected in 1844 by Hon, Abbot Lawrence. 

Old South Block of three spacious Warehouses of 
superior style and value, was built in 1845, on the Par- 
sonage house site, with one other building belonging to 
the Old South Church Society. 

A Block of Stores on the corner of Milk and Haw-^ 
ley streets and one on the corner of Milk and Atkinson 
streets were erected in 1S45; the latter on the Justice 
Stephen Gorham Estate, who became poor by building 
the Pearl street Public House. 

Bath Street, leading from Congress and Water street 
on a curving line east to Milk street has been lined on 
both sides with Stores and Warehouses of four stories. 

On Federal Street, a superior Block of two granite 
Warehouses was erected on the site of the Baptist Church 
in 1845; by Hon, Abbot Lawrence, of four stories — the 
Church Society having a new building on the corner of 
Bedford and Rowe streets. Also, another Block of three 
Warehouses on Federal st, nearer the Theater, erected 
in 1844 by Hon. Abbot Lawrence, of four stories. 



145 

Sanford Block, on Federal, fronting Franklin street, 
of six stories, was erected by Samuel Sanford in 1846. 

The Massachusetts Horticultural Society in 1844 
erected a handsome building for their useful and noble 
purposes on School street, on the site of the Latin Sciiool 
house, with an extensive Hall for their exhibition of 
Fruits and Flowers, with one for a Library and the so- 
ciety's meeting room, for interchanging ideas and im- 
provements in the science of Farming and Horticulture, 
and for disseminating valuable information of their pro- 
gress and doings to the farming interest. 

At the junction of Sudbury and Court streets, is the 
Derby Range of Stores, and the Derby House of enter- 
tainment ; built in 1846. 

Diamond Block of wooden stores, corner of Union and 
Hanover streets, was erected by Mr. Diamond in 1845. 

Hanover Strret has been greatly improved by many 
handsome modern style edifices, some few quite unique 
and harmonious in their proportions and embelishments ; 
the attractions, by neat stores for business purposes and 
varieties of merchandize for the wants of the community 
for the retail trade, bespeak for that section of the city, 
a full proportion of active business, where the rents are 
within due bounds. 

Richmond Street, from Hanover to Fulton st. has been 
made considerably wider, affording a handsome avenue 
from Salem street to Commercial street. 

Ann Street, which has of late years housed the most 
degraded part of the city population is under the level- 
ing application of the pick-axe and the broom, for cleans- 
ing the Augean stable ; the clearing off the old rubbish 
has began, and in its place, the beautiful Gerrish Block, 
whh granite front, erected in 1846, and the Hitchborn 
Block in the same street, and a new block on the site of 
the Old Eastern hotel, which spot is well known 
throughout our country towns, as the most extensive 
Stage office in Boston. — May enterprize speed the time 
^vhen no such extensive evidence of depravity, and 
13 



146 

wretched squalid vice and stench-pool, shall greet the 
eye or nostrils of the passenger. At the corner of Bart- 
lett and Ann streets, an elegant large stone building has 
been completed. 

In the North-west part of the city, great additions 
have been made of land reclaimed from the tide waters, 
and extensive rows of handsome brick buildings erect- 
ed ; North Charles, Livingston and Auburn streets, are 
entirely new made land. 

Lowell, Billerica and Nashua Streets, near the Low- 
el R. R. Station, were all formed and built on from 1835 
to 1840, with handsome rows of dwellings, their entire 
length and on both sides of each street. 

North Hudson Street, rear of Commercial, near old 
Charles River Bridge, was built upon with handsome 
and convenient dwellings in 1846. 

Copp's Hill Cemetery, at the extreme north part of 
the city, has been much improved, by laying out neat 
paths in every suitable direction, and by planting trees 
and shrubbery to beautify and hallow the spot. 

Fulton Street, in 1838, was increased in value, 
beauty and conveniences, by the erection of several 
blocks of rich buildings for trade and commerce. 

Ferry Street, from Ann to Fulton ] Barrett street, 
and Shoe & Leather Dealers streets are covered with 
four story brick Warehouses, all erected in 1844. 

Rail Road Wharf, next but one north of Commer- 
cial wharf, vt'as mostly reclaimed from tide water, and 
built on in 1845 and 1846, having a long range of granite 
warehouses of four stories on each side, an elegant Hotel 
on the south range, facing the east, containing 80 sleep- 
ing rooms, extensive Halls, Baths, &c. ; the East Bos- 
ton Ferry Boats ply from this whaif. 

The Massachusetts Block of four stories, fronting 
on Court square, extending on William's court, 150 feet, 
containing 70 good sized rooms, &c., was built in 1847, 
a spacious entry through the whole extent, gives it an 
airy, healthy and prepossessing appearance ; this build- 



147 

ing took the p^ace of a number of old dilapidated shan- 
ties, too miserable for use. 

Dearborn Block, erected on Federal street in 1848, 
of four granite stories, built by that enterprising scientific 
mechanic, George W. Gerrish, who purchased the land 
from the legatees of the late Benjamin Dearborn : this 
block of superb buildings is the fourth that Mr. Gerrish 
has built, and all are ornamental to the city and first-rate 
business concerns. 

The Granite building, of three stories, numbered 13 
on Winter street, was erected in 1846, by Thomas Wig- 
giesworth. 

The Granite building, of three stories and one' store, 
234 Washington street, was built in 1845 by Benjamin 
F. Blaney. Occupied by John Doggett & Co. 

The Granite block of three stories and three stores, 
numbered 281, 285 and 287 on Washington street, was 
erected in 1845 by Franklin Dexter. 

The Granite building on the south corner of Washing- 
ton and Essex streets, was built in 1832. Three stories, 
and has three stores. 

The Granite block on the corner of Washington and 
Boylston streets was built by David E, Mosely. in 1845, 
of four stories, with three stores, the Boylston Bank oc- 
cupying a chamber. 

The two stores north of the Mosely block was built in 
1845, by John I. Brown; four stories; and the block of 
three stores north of this, was erected the same year. 

The Granite block of four stores, on State street, was 
built by the of the Merchants' Bank in 1845; the edifice 
is of three stories. 

The Granite block on the corner of School and Wash- 
ington streets, was built by David S. Greenoughin 1843, 
of four stories with three stores. 

The Granite building, numbered 122 State street, 
fronting Broad street, was built in 1823 by Benj. Loring, 
of four stories, and one store, which he occupies under 
the firm of Benj. Loring & Co. 



148 

The granite block on Washington street, numbered 
94 and 78, was built by David Sears, of three stories, 
with two stores. 

The Granite building on the corner of Washington 
street and Spring lane, was erected in 1845, by 0. Good- 
win, of three stories and one store. 

The Dalton Block on Congress street, numbered 65, 
67, 69 and 71, was built in 1845, by Thomas Wiggles- 
worth, with two stores. 

The Granite block on Washington street, of threis sto- 
ries and two stores, numbered 95 and 97, was built in 
1831 by John Borland. 

The Graniie block, corner of State and Broad streets, 
of four stories, with two siores, was erected in 1845 by 
Jonathan Phillips, and occupied by S. Thaxter & Son, 

The Graniie block at the corner of West and Wash- 
ington streets, known as Amory Hall was built in 1835 
by Henry Coilman, of three stories, having three stores 
on the lower floor, and two large halls above, for public 
meetings; one hall to accommodate 600 persons and 
the other for 300, with five rooms for offices. 

The beautiful Granite block at the north-west corner 
of Washington and Winter streets, was built in 1846, by 
Rev. R. M. Hodges of Cambridge, of four stories, com- 
j)risiiig three lower stores and large halls above. 

The Granite building, numbered 91 on Washington 
street, being the second south of Joy's building, was 
erected by Rollins & Demeritt in 1845, of four stories, 
with one large store. 

The Granite building, 129 Washington street, was 
erected in 1846, of three stories with one store. 

The Granite building, numbered 192 Washington st. 
was built in 1840 by the late Col. Henry Sargent, of two 
stories, occupied by G. W. Warren & Co, 

The Granite building adjoining Mr. Hodges' block, 
corner of Winter aud Washington streets, north, was 
erected by Prof. Edward E. Salisbury, of New Haven, 
four stories with one store. 



149 



The three Granite buildings north of Prof. Salisbury's 
on Washington street, were erected in 1846 by Mr. Thos. 
Wigglesworth, of four stories with three stores. 

The Granite block, Nos. 237 and 241, on Washington 
street, was erected in 1846, of four stories and four stores. 

The handsome Granite block of two stores, numbered 
117 and 121 on Washington street, was erected by Wm. 
D. Sohier and E. V. Ashton, of four stories^ 100 feet in 
depth, 22 feet front, each ; finished with French window 
frames and plate glass, and were well built in every 
respect. 

The Granite block of six stores, north of Amory Hall, 
was built in 1834 by Kittredge & Blake, of three stories. 

The Granite block, south but one, of West street, on 
Washington, was erected in 1845, of three stories and 
three stoifes. 

The Brick range of four story buildings on Washington 
street, corner of Eliot street, comprising six stores, was 
raised bodily three feet, by windlass Jacks, in 1845, and 
granite posts or pillars inserted to sustain it; adding the 
three feet to the lower story ; this great exploit seemed 
to have been accomplished without shaking a brick from 
its correct position. 

The Masonic temple, on Tremont street, fronting the 
Mall, was erected in 1831 by the Grand Lodge of Mass- 
achusetts, comprising a spacious Hall for public meet- 
ings, concerts, &c., and will seat 750 persons ; it has 
several school rooms, and rooms for other purposes; the 
Masonic Lodges hold their meetings in the upper part 
of the building. 

Temple Place was completed building on, in 1844, 
comprising twenty-two very elegant dwelling houses, 
built by various persons. 

The Brick block on the west corner of Marshall and 
Hanover streets, was erected in 1847 by C. E. Wiggin, 
of four stories and two stores. 

The Granite front block, on the north-east corner of 
Wilson's lane and Washington streets, was erected in 
13* 



150 

1845 by U. & J. Ritchie, of four stories with three stores. 

Brazer's buikiing, on the east corner of Devonshire 
and State streets, was erected in 1842, owned by Miss 
Sarah Brooks of Princeton^ it being of three stories with 
two stores. 

The Granite front block on the west corner of Devon- 
shire and State street, was built in 1845 by Geo. A. Otis, 
of three stories and four stores. 

The Brick block on the corner of State street and 
Chatham Row, was built in 1847 by M. Tisdale, of five 
stories and three stores. 

The Brick block at the corner of Chatham row and 
Butler's square, was erected in 1847 by M. Tisdale, of 
five stories with two stores. 

The Granite block, numbered 52, 54, 56 and 58 on 
Pearl street was built in 1846, by Dodge &, Ikicker, of 
four stories with two warehouses. 

The Granite front block between Brook's block and 
the Pearl street House, was built in 1846, of four stories, 
comprising eighteen stores by various owners. 

The Brick block on the corner of Howard and Court 
streets was erected in 1845, owned by the heirs of the 
late George Redding, of four stories and three stores. 

The superior Granite front block, at the corner of Bul- 
finch /and Court streets, was built in 1846, by Gardner 
Chilson, of four stories with three stores. 

The two Brick blocks on Tremont street, between 
Beacon street and the Engine House, north, were erect- 
ed in 1835 and 6, comprising twenty-eight stores of three 
and four stories, by various owners. 

The Granite building on State street, numbered 72, 
was erected in 1827, by Andrew J. Allen, of four stories 
and improved by himself, under the title of A. J. Allen 
& Son. 

Two blocks of Brick dwelling houses were erected in 
1845, one on each side of Chilson place, leading from 
Lyman place, comprising five buildings, all by Gardner 
Chilson. 



» 151 

On the north-west corner of State and Washington 
streets, a seven story pagoda building has just been 
erected of a truly unique and elegant style : the use of 
Iron pillars and ornaments on its exterior and particular- 
ly in its first story, imparts quite a light and airy efiect, 
and allows of an almost uninterrupted inside view of a 
superb store of goods. Joseph Lyman is owner of this 
superb edifice, which we are informed has been leased 
at about $7,500 per annum. George Snell was its Ar- 
chitect, This is the spot on which the first shop in Bos- 
ton was opened by J. Coggan. 

The proprietors of the Times newspaper have erected 
on the south side of State street a building of 6 stories, 
on the site of their previous occupancy, having a beauti- 
ful appearance and possessing the greatest conveniences 
for a publishing establishment. Cost of the building, 
$16,000. 

The imposing Granite structure on the northern side 
of Summer street, owned by J. P. & J. H. Thorndike, 
and occupied by Chandler & Co. and Henry Pettee & 
Co., is one of the most enduring, capacious and conven- 
ient warehouses in the city. 

On the AthensBum estate. Pearl street, an expensive 
granite block of warehouses has been erected, titled 
Athen.5:um Block ; owned by Edward Brooks; design- 
ed by G. J. F. Bryant, architect. 

A superior specimen of architecture is exhibited on 
the corner of Fayette court and Washington street, built 
for James Parker from designs by G. J. F. Bryant, occu- 
pied on lease, by Hallet, Davis & Co. for a Piano Forte 
manufactory. 

Nearly opposite Merchants row on State street, is a 
beautiful structure, erected in 1850 for the Bank of Com- 
merce : Charles E. Parker, Architect : and just below, 
the Bank of North America occupy a splendid new 
building, owned by Henry Lee, built from designs by 
Edward C. Cabot, Architect. 

The Simmons' Block on the corner of Water and Con- 
gress streets, just erected, is an honor to the entei^prise 



152 



of John Simmons who occupies it for an extensive clothes 
e^tablishment, in which vocation he has honestly reap- 
ed an almost princely formne. 

The building erected in 1849, on the south corner of 
Essex and Washington streets, owned by David Sears, is 
anachievmeiit honorable to its proprietor and to the city. 

A free-red-stone editice was completed in 1850, on 
West street, for a society of gentlemen, as a retiring 
lounge for leisure hours : beautiful in its exterior and 
splendid in its interior. 

Long Wharf was built about the year 1712. 

The Old State House at the head of State street, was 
built about the year 1670, being commenced with a be- 
quest from Robert Keayne, of £oi)0 ; deceased in 1656 : 
he was the first commander of the Massachusetts Com- 
pany, chaitered in 1638^ — now known as the Ancient 
and Honorable Artillery Company. 

The Grasshopper on Faneuil Hall, placed there by the 
builder and donor of the building, seemed to be a favor- 
ite vane with him ; for he had a similar one on his sum- 
nier-house, probably coaled from that on the Royal Ex- 
change, London, which burned down twelve years ago. 

George's Island 6 1-2 miles. South-east from Boston, 
has been ceded to the United States Government and 
on which it has built one of the strongest and best con- 
structed forts in the world : for 12 years the work has 
been progressing and is yet uniinished ; there is some- 
thing uncommonly imposing and grand, possesses the 
beholder on viewing such amass of human labor expen- 
ed within the conlined limits of such an Island. 

Castle Island, Fort Independence, which for a series of 
years was appropriated for the confinement of burglars 
and convicts at nail making, and where the noted Stephen 
Burroughs exercised his ingenuity in making three nails 
per day, and throwing the rest of the material into a well 
to deceive his keepers ; that Island has on it, one of the 
best built forts on the continent ; the Island has been 
celebrated in our annals from the earliest date of the 



153 

settlement of Boston, as bearing a part in most of its public 
concerns , in protecting the town, and protecting the 
Crown officers from the town; the residence of convicts; 
and at last, a decided good position and place, lor the 
protection of our harbor and the flag which waves over it. 

SMALLPOX AND KINE-POCK, 

' In the year 1649, 1665, 1678 and 1691, the small pox 
i>spread among the inhabitants of Boston wdth great des- 
truction of life : in 1702, 313 persons died under its pow- 
er : in 1721, 5759 persons had it the natural way, and 
' that number was a large half of the whole population ; 
of whom 844 died : at this time Dr. Zabodiel Boylston 
dared to inoculate three of his own household, which 
resulted in complete success ; this experiment was vio- 
lently opposed by the rest of the medical faculty, who 
carried public opinion w^ith them : the clergy were in 
favor of inoculation, and most fortunate and happy results 
crowned his genius and their prescience. 

In 1730 about 4000 cases of small pox occured; one- 
tenth of whom were inoculated : at this time, it carried 
off about 500. In 1752 it again appeared amongst the 
then 15,684 inhabitants : 7669 were supposed to have 
then received the disease : many of the citizens remov. 
ed from the town, and all residents but 174, had it either 
by inoculation or the natural way : 2124 were treated by 
the first method, of whom 30 died ; 5545 were seized 
with it, of whom 539 died : it again made ravages in the 
years 1764, 1776, and 1778; but with less painful cir- 
cumstances : from 1811 to 1820, but six deaths occurred 
by small pox: from 1821 to 1830, eight deaths : from 
1831 to 1838 thirty nine deaths, and those mostly at 
Rainsford Island ; a law was then in force for removing 
all infected persons with small pox, to the hospital at thai 
place : and they were treated with proper care and atten- 
tion, and on that healthy spot they were generally re- 
stored ; in 1836, a resistance was made to that law as be- 
ing unconstitutional, which occasioned its repeal ; and 



]54 

in 1839 sixty deaths occurred : in 1840, 115 deaths, and 
since then, about 200 have died with it. 182 deaths oc- 
curred by small pox in 1850 in Boston. 

Vaccination with the virus from. Cow-pock matter, was 
a discovery made by Dr. Jenner of England, and intro,- 
duced here about the year 1800, by Dr. Benj. Water- 
house, which proved an effectual substitute for, and pre- 
ventive against the small pox: life is not endangered by 
it or the face disfigured, and the city authorities have 
made provision for a free vaccination of all who apply 
for it by the Port Physician, who safely operated on 3965 
persons, during the years 1844 and 5 ; in 1846, on 5592; 
and in 1847 on 1263; and the cases examined with a 
view to test a safety from previous vaccination, have 
equalled the above in number — the cases of small pox 
which came under the care of the Port physician in 1846 
were 142, and in 1847^ 71. 

THE MOST PROMINENT AND IMPORTANT FIRES WHICH HAVE 
OCCURRED IN THE CITY SINCE 1823. 

1824. June 20. — Fire burst out from Andrew Morton's 
stable, on Hawley street, near to Trinity Church ; and so 
rapid was its destruction, that the stable, with 15 horses 
and a cow, were consumed. The houses of Samuel 
Billings and Dr. Jeffries were burnt out, and Mr. Mor- 
ton's house much injured. Supposed to be the work of 
an incendiary. Insured for $7,000. 

June 23. — Fire burst forth from the fourth story of the 
extensive Type and Stereotype Foundry of T. H. Carter 
& Co., on Salem street, next to Christ Church. The 
third and fourth stories were burned out, and the second 
story greatly damaged. Loss $60,000 ; Insurance $40,000. 

July 7— At 1 o'clock P. M., an accidental fire occur- 
red in a carpenter's shop on Charles street, between 
Chestnut and Beacon streets. The wind from the west 
was nearly a gale, with the speed of fifty miles per 
hour ; the flames quickly grappled with a block of 
brick dwellings on Charles street, to a block on Chestnut 



155 

street, and to one on Beacon street. The heat, smoke 
and flames, with a large supply of wind-dust, rendered 
the labors of the firemen and citizens almost futile ; and 
serious apprehensions arose that the whole of Beacon st. 
would be laid low. Lanes of men were formed to the 
Frog Pond and also to the Mill-dam Basin, for passing 
water to the engines, by fire-buckets. The houses in 
ianger, were covered thickly with carpets, blankets, &c., 
which held the water played upon them ; and itius, by 
:he best exertions of wi-dom, prudence and industry, 
.ts rage was stayed. Sixteen valuable buildings, with 
many out-buildings and barns, were burned. The Com- 
mon, after the fire, presented the sad spectacle of ele- 
gant costly furniture, dama^d and broken by an impe- 
uous removal from an extensive range of buildings on 
3eacon street and its precincts. The loss was estimated 
It upwards of $150,000: insurance S40,000. Burning 
lakes were blown to the easterly extent of Bedford st., 
iring several buildings in their path, but stayed from 
erious damage, by timely attention and an application 
)f the water-cure discipline. 

: 1825. April 17. -At 10)4 P.M., fire burst from a 
wooden building on Doane street, occupied in part, by 
,iMr. Purkitt. Inspector General of Fish, which destroyed 
iix store- houses on State street, most of the south row of 
mildings on Doane street, and all ihe stores on the east 
ide of Kilby street, as 'far as Commercial Coffee House, 
)eing about sixty buildings. Loss npwards of 8500,000, 

1825. Nov. 10. — Fire burst forth from a building on 
/Ourt street, and destroyed nine large brick buildings 
.nd several wooden dwellings on both sides of Court St., 
:om Tudor's corner to Washington street. Law books at 

cost of $20,000 were destroyed. 

1829. Fires 88 ; False Alarms 46. 

Jan. 11. — A building on Dock square, occupied by 

Brooks & Co. and others, was on fire about 11 A. M. 

-OSS about $25,000, nearly covered by insurance. A 



i56 

man named Fitzgerald, of Engine Co. 14, died in conse- 
quence of exertions at this fire ; he was buried at the 
city's expense, and $50 given to his orphan daughter. 

21. — The property of Perez Loring, on Essex street, 
was destroyed by fire. Four previous attempts had 
been made to fire the same property. 

Nov. 29. — A fire broke out at 1 o'clock P. M., from 
a building near the corner of Summer street, and ex- 
tended to some buildings in its rear, which were des- 
troyed. M. and H. 1 . Salisbury and seven others were 
the occupants. The loss was about S30,000. 

1830. Fires 63 , False Alarms 24. 

Sunday, Jan. 31. — Rev. fr. Beecher's meeting-house, 
on Hanover street, took fire from a defect in the furnace 
flue ; and was destroyed. Loss about $30,000. 

Aug. 24. — The machine shop of J. B. Holmes, Pitts 
street, was on fire at 3 1-2 o'clock P. M., which spread 
to a carpenter's shop, and to a block of three two-story 
wooden dwelling houses. Loss about $3000 ; Insurance 
$1,400. 

1831. Fires 25 ; False Alarms 18. 
May 4. — A building on Broad street, occupied by L. 

Maynard, Baker, and seven Irish Families, was des- 
troyed. Five lives were lost. Damage $5,000 dollars j 
no insurance. 

June 4. — South Boston Bridge was set on fire. Dani' 
age $100. 

Dec. 25. — A fire broke out at midnight, in the build- 
ing 362 Washington street, occupied by Grifiin & Co., 
Printers. Loss $18,000 ; Insurance $14,500. 
1833. Fires 30 : False Alarms 60. Amount of 
loss $61,863 34, Insurance $24,078 34. 

Jan. 14. — The New England Museum, Court stree . 
was damaged by fire to the amount of $4,000 ; covereu 
by insurance. 

^ July 4. — A building occupied by Blish & Foster, anJ 



157 

others, was broken into and set on fire, at 1 o'clock A.M. 
Loss $4,000 ; no insurance. 

James Brown's Cooper's shop, Spear's wharf, was 
burned, and a brig with two schooners, nearly destroyed. 
Loss $10,000; no insurance. 

July 7, 11 o'' clock P. M. — A carpenters' shop occupied 
by Mr. Washburn, a brick dwelling, the ressidence of 
Ebenezer Davis, the Warren Hotel and stables attached 
to it, and two sixteen- feet wooden houses, on Friend st., 
were destroyed by tire. Loss $17,250 ; insurance $9,550. 
Supposed to be the work of an incendiary, 

Nov. 21. — The City Hall building, head of State st., 
took fire by sparks from a building opposite, lodging 
under the slating of the roof. Loss $3,500 ; no insurance. 

1833. Fires 71, False Alarms 42, Losses $89,970, 
Insurance $57,040. 

Jan. 18. — Several ten-foot buildings and carpenters' 
shops, situated on Portland street, were destroyed by 
fire. Loss $5,000 ; insured $1,000. While this fire was 
raging, the grocery of Clement Williams, corner of Fed- 
eral and High streets, was entered and set on fire by 
Joel Thayer, who was caught in the act by watchmen 
Beaton and Davis. 

Jan. 20, 7 ohlock A. M, — The sugar-house of Wm. 
!T. Andrews, Atkinson street, burned down. Loss $17,- 
000 ; Insurance $9,000. 

July 2. — A building occupied by Manasseh Knight, 
Griffin & Co., and others, 45 Washington street, took 
fire from a stove in the attic. Several members of the 
fire department were severely injured by slates falling 
ifrom the roof. 

Sept. 23. — A fire broke out in engine house No. 10, 
on Union street, which communicated to several wooden 
buildings extending into North Federal court. Loss 
$7,000; Insurance $4,650. 

Nov. 1. — A fire was discovered at 4 A.M., at 164 
14 



158 

Washington street, in a building occupied by Samuel 
H, Parker and three others. Loss $27.000 ; insurance 
$21,000. 

1834. Fires 36, False Alarms 42, Losses $36,640. 

April 14. — Six three-story wooden dwellings on D. 
street, South Boston, were destroyed by fire. Loss 
SlO,000; Insurance $3,000. 

August 30. — ■ The brass foundry of Oliver Fernald, 
on Cross street^ was destroyed by fire. Loss $7000; 
no insurance. 

1835. Fires 55, False Alarms 53. 

Jan. 6. — The dwelling of Henry Oxnard, near the 
State House, was on fire at 2}^ P. M., occasioned by 
the furnace of an adjoining building, igniting a quantity 
of charcoal in the cellar. Damage about $2,000 ; in- 
sured. Albert G. Dawes, clerk of 18, was severely 
injured by falling through the cellar floor. 

Jan. 14, 10 3-4 o^dock, A. M. — Fire broke out from 
the distil-house of Mr. Bowland, Distil-house square, 
which communicated to the dwelling of Mr. French. 
Loss $11,000 ; insurance $6,000. 

Jan. 18. — Fire commenced at 4 1-2 P. M., in a car- 
penters' shop on Blackstone street, caused by a spirit- 
lamp bursting. The flames spread to several of the 
adjacent buildings on Cross and Pond streets, which 
were destroyed. Loss $50,000 ; Lisured $24,000. So 
much for one spirit-lamp scrape. 

Seft. 24. — A baker's shop on Court street, took fire. 
The flames spread to the neighboring stores, occupied 
by seven persons. Loss $8,000 : Insurance $6,000. 

October 23. — A house in Soath-street Place, tenanted 
by Irish families, was set on fire by Crockett and Russell, 
who were convicted of the crime, and hanged March 
16, 1836. 

Nov, 20. — A house occupied by Irish families, on 
Hobbs' wharf, burned down, and a woman and child 
perished in the flames. 



159 

1836. Alarms 208, False Alarms 70. 

Alarms out of the city 27; losses s?151^635; insur- 
ance $62,800. Supposed number of incendiary fires 44. 

April 6, — The India Rubber factory on Pitts-street 
Court, was burned at 3 P. M. The fire caused by up- 
setting a barrel of turpentine. Loss $20,000, 

April 21, — The store of Libby, Congress street, was 
burned out. Loss $16,000, 

1837. Fires 12G, False Alarms 34. 

31ay 4, — Hollis-street Church w-as struck by light- 
ning, and again on June 5th. Damage of small amount. 

July 3. — The State House on Beacon street, was set 
on fire in the dome ; but as speedily extinguished. 

July 15, 6 O'clock. — Ship Dalmalia lying at Towne's 
whart, was struck by lightning; and burnt. Loss 
$30,000 ; Insurance $20,000, 

September, 1837 to September, 1838. 

Department called out 105 times. Losses $32^052; 
Insurance $20,138. 

May 29, — A house occupied by Mr. Harmon and 
others, corner of Suffolk and Dover streets. Loss $4,000; 
Insurance $2,500. A man coniined to his room by sick- 
ness burned to death. 

September, 1838 to September, 1839. 

Department called out 96 times. Loss $140,004 ; In- 
surance $61,791. 

Dec. 17. — A sawmill was burned out near Roxbury 
line. Loss $25,000 ; Insurance $5,000. 

Dec. 19, — A house corner of Grove and Southac streets, 
was burned down. Two women were badly injured, 
and two others perished in the flames, 

Jan. 24, — Fire broke out in the night, at Turner and 
Haskill's foundry, Haverhill street. It spread with sreat 
rapidity, and destroyed about twenty buildings^ chiefly 
occupied as mechanics' shops. Loss $70,640 ; Insurance 
$21,900. The night was extremely cold, and a number 
of men were severely frost-bitten. 



160 

April 26, — The Howard House was discovered to be 
on file. Several of the inmates nairowly escaped with 
their lives. Loss $5,700; Insurance $1,200. 

June 14. — A building on India street, occupied by 
Josiah Marshall and others, was burnt. Loss $20,400 ; 
nearly covered by insurance. A member of Engine 
Company 5^ was seriously injured by slates from the 
roof. 

September, 1839 to September, 1840. 

Department called out 113 times. Losses $77,973 ; 
Insurance $58,632. 

Feb. 15. — A building on Central street, occupied by 
Isaac Waters and two others, were destroyed by fire. 
Loss $6,000 ; nearly covered by insurance. 

April 22. — The bake-house of the House of Correc- 
tion, at South Boston, was burnt. Loss $4,000. 

September, 1840 to September, 1841. 

Department called out 140 times. Losses $102,920; 
Insurance $36,920. 

Dec. 6. — Fire broke out from the building owned by 
the Warren Associates, South Boston. Loss $9,000. 
The fire caused by the bursting of a flue. 

Dec. 18. — A house burnt out on Hanover Avenue, 
and two children were burned to death, 

Jan. 28. < — A building occupied by S. H. Beal, and 
others, was set fire to by a man named Mariott, who 
was convicted of the crime and sent to the State Prison. 
Loss $6,000 ; Insured. 

July 5. — Several buildings on Orange lane and Cas- 
tle streets, comprising shops and dwelling-houses, were 
burnt down. Loss $3,700 ; partially insured. 

September, 1841 to September, 1842. 

Department called out 194 times. Losses $90,008 ; 
Insurance $44,533, 

Jan. 25. — A building belonging to the Eastern Rail 
Road Company, East Boston, was destroyed by fire. 
Loss $14000 ; no insurance. 



16.1 

March 29. — Buildings occupied %y Oliver Tenny and 
eighteen others, on Atkinson street, were burnt to the 
ground. The fire originated in a. large wooden buikl- 
ing used for storing cotton. Loss $13,230; Insurance 
$3,480. 

April 28. — Fire broke out in the premises of R. Love- 
joy, and spread to several other buildings on Pleasant, 
and Washington streets and Oak Place. Loss $40,465.; 
Insurance $22,506. Supposed work of an incendiary. 

September^ 1842 to September, 1843. 

Department called out 232 times. Losses s?1.28,6&6 ; 
Insurance $90,086. 

Oct. 21. The steamer North America, lyimg at Long 
Wharf, was destroyed by fire. Loss $10,272 ; insured. 

Jan. 31. — A building situated -on the corner of Black- 
stone and Ann streets, with seven occupants, took fire 
from a stove. Loss $5,166; Insured $4,716. 

Feb. 7. — Fire broke out from a building on India st,, 
occupied by Thomas Crehore and 'Others, caused by tim- 
ber being built iruo the flue of the chimney. Loss $6,- 
765 ; partly insured. 

March 25.— A building at the corner of Wa&hingtoa 
and School streets, took fire, and was partially destroyed. 
Loss $18,450 ; insurance $14,050. A man and two boys 
were severely injured by the gutter falling on them. 

June A. — A number of tenements on Federal street 
and Theatre Alley, owned by the heirs of the late Ben- 
jamin Dearborn, were destroyed by fire. Loss $3,000-; 
Insured $500. 

September, 1843 to September, 1844. 

The Department was called out 267 times; Losses 
$184,083 ; Insurance 95,352. 

June 25. — Fire burst out from the Steam Planing 
Mill of Hamilton & Co., Washington street, and destroy- 
ed twenty buildings, including the Franklin School 
House. Loss $64,766 ; Insurance $29,666. 

i4» 



162 

Aug. 18. — Fire broke out from the carpenter's shop 
of Samuel Jepson, South Margin street, and extended 
with great rapidity to other buildings • about 20 were 
wholly or partially destroyed. Loss estimated at $60,^ 
000 ; on the stock no insurance ; the buildings were in- 
sured for $19,100. 

Septemberj 1844 to September, 1845. 

The Department was called out 223 times ; Losses 
$231^191 ; Insurance !$172,840. 

Sept 11. — The stable of John E. Brown, rear of Water 
street, in Congress square, was set fire to ; the flames 
extended to Water street, with damage to several build- 
ings. Loss $5,300 ; Insurance $3,200. 

Nov. 12. — A building occupied by Edward Brinley 
and others, on Dock square^ was destroyed. Loss $5 1,500; 
Insurance $47,500. 

May 11. — A fire broke out in Church street, and ex- 
tended to Piedmont street and before it was conquered, 
had destroyed twenty-fife buildings. Loss $31,750; 
Insurance $18,100. 

May 24, — Leverett street Jail was set on fire, by a 
boy named Leonard A. Wise, who was sent to the House 
of Reformation. Damage $500, 

Aug. 15.— The hotel and stable of Lucius Doolittle, 
Brattle square, were set fire to ; damages $8000 : William 
G. Roulstone and Emerson G, Thompson, Firemen, were 
killed by the falling of a wall ; several others were se- 
riously injured by exertions to save the horses. 

September, 1845 to September, 1846. 

The Department was called out 289 times ; Losses 
$226,338; insurance $155,305. 

Sept. 14. —The Suffolk Lead Works in Gold street, 
South Boston, consisfing of five buildings, together with 
six dwelling houses were consumed, and a row of dwell- 
ing houses considerably damaged. Loss $49,050 ; In- 



103 

Jan. 22. — Lyman School House and two dwelling 
houses in Meridian street, East Boston, were consumed. 
Loss 18,150 , Insurance 1,800. 

Feb. 23. — The Millerite Tabernacle, site of the Athen- 
aeum (Theater) on Howard street, was completely destroy- 
ed by fire. Loss $7,050 ; partially insured. 

September 1846 to September 1847. 

The Department was called out 270 times ; Losses 
$172,993; Insurance $87,159. 

Dec. 1. — The ^^ Diamond Block," Hanover street, 
was set on fire. Damage $13,000 ; Insurance $7,850. 

Jan. 21. — A fire at 10 1-2 P.M. broke out in the " Nep- 
tune Bowling Saloon," Haverhill street, and spread with 
the utmost rapidity, destroying upwards of 80 buildings — 
dwelling houses, stables and mechanics' shops ; em- 
bracing the square bounded by Haverhill, Causeway, 
Medford and Traverse streets. Loss $65,630; Insur- 
ance $26,000. 

^priZ 13. — The dwelling house of Rev. E. M. P. 
Wells, was destroyed by fire ; a poor old man named 
Tucker perished in the flames. Loss $7,000. Insured. 
September, 184T to September, 1848. 

The Department was called out 282 times; Fires 150 ; 
False alarms 132; Losses $222,273 ; Insurance $162,885: 

March 10. — A block of buildings on Washington 
street, near State street, occupied by Damrell & Moore, 
Printers, and 16 others, were destroyed. Loss $73,100; 
Insurance $39,435. 

Jul^ 12. — The stable of Cook & Adams, with fourteen 
buildings were consumed by fire. Loss $32,069 ; Insur- 
ance $13,644. 

September 1848 to September. 1849. 

The Department was called out 339 times ; 208 Fires: 
131 False alarms ; Losses $300,525 ; insurance $216,992; 

September 8. — The Catholic Church on Broadway, 
South Boston, was destroyed by fire. Loss $70,000. In- 
surance $43j000. 



16i 

November 9. — A fire broke out in buildings 103 and 
105 Hanover street. The Quochituat water, was applied 
for the first time, at this place, by Engine Com'y No. 18. 

February 26. — 19 unfinished houses, on Lenox street, 
were fired, and consumed. Loss $10,000; Insurance 
$5000. 

September 1849 to September 1850. 

The Department was called out 242 times; Fires 143; 
False Alarms 99 ; Losses !!f;i23,920; Insurance $59,777. 

Dec. 9. — Headley & Spaulding's stable with several 
contiguous buildings were burned down. Loss $10,786 ; 
Insurance $5,286. 

July 7. — A large wooden building occupied by C. C. 
Page, and twelve others on Second street, South Boston, 
were destroyed by fire. Loss $26,400 ; Insurance $6,200. 

Nov. 5. — A conflagration took place at the extensive 
building owned, and occupied as a store-house, by the 
Boston & Maine Rail Road Co., and Harrold & Furnace, 
as a mahogany warehouse, on Causeway street. Loss 
on the building $23,000; railway merchandise $92,332 ; 
Insurance $10^000 ; Harrold & Furnace's Loss $38,100 
Insurance $20,000. 

THE MILLER TABERNACLE. 

A singular shaped one story building, with an eleva- 
ted roof, was erected on Howard street, Boston, and dedi- 
cated May 4th, 1843, by a special class of worshippers 
of Deity, who had mathematically calculated the exact 
day and hour when the Son of God would appear to 
them ; — when this globe would melt with fervent heat, 
and the glory of the Lord be seen and enjoy«d by them 
with an exclusive joy. Thousands and tens of thousands 
of deluded mortals in this country and in England, were 
impatiently looking forward for the great day, when 
they only were to be called for righteousness, and to 
ascend bodily to the triune God -head ; but when the 
stated time arrived, it passed off with nature's smoothest 



165 

grace, save only the sound of unusual screams and ex- 
clamations of those weak and noisy disciples, many of 
whom lost the balance of their reasoning powers, and 
became inmates of an insane hospital ; and many more 
as recklessly wasted their property and substance, who 
are struggling in the morass of poverty, or what is tanta- 
mount to it, in the labyrinths of the law, trying to 
get it back again. About a year after the first great ex- 
citement, they prophesied a second specified time, and 
the deluded followers prepared ascension robes to pass 
from earth to Heaven in ; and again the only commotion 
was among themselves. Hundreds of these unfortunate 
fanatics have been in the Hospitals ; and in the official 
report from that of Worcester, the number there on ac- 
count of religious frenzies, nearly equals the number 
caused by intemperance: yet the leaders of this party, 
continue to cry aloud on their unholy ground, theic 
knowledge of the determined doings of the Lord, and 
continue that excitement, notwithstanding the extensive 
ruin they have already caused to many individuals, and 
to the cause of a rational and peaceful religion, which 
acquiesces in the works of Providence with a grateful 
happy spirit, and which forestalls not the designs of God 
with impious threats, if their particular code is not ac- 
knowledged to be, at least equal, to that of the Divine 
Law-giver. 

Soon after the latter time of disappointed hope deferr- 
ed, they let their building to a company of Ethiopian 
Singers and Banjo players ; after which, on the 13th of 
October, 1845, it was opened for Theatrical performances 
and in a little time it was burnt down to the ground. On 
that site now stands the Athenaeum Theatre. 

MOUNT AUBURN CEMETERY 

Is situated 4^^ miles west from Boston or 1^ miles 
beyorld Harvard University. 

The grounds comprise 110 i^ acres of beautiful wood- 
land, variegated with almost every character of forest 



166 



trees, elevated hills and ponds: — In 1831 it was conse- 
crated as a Garden Cemetery, and its magniticent ap- 
pearance at this lime, anay claim for it the additional 
title of Sculptured Cemetery, ^s the <eye 4s «CGnstantly 
arrested by some Mausoleum of a correct and pleasing 
order of design and workmanship, among the four hun- 
dred reared ; eighteen hundred lots have been sold and 
fenced with many varieties of patterns of cast iron. All 
funds received from sales of lots or from any other source 
have been, and are forever, to be expended in the care, 
safety and adornment of the grounds : the cost of a lot of 
300 superficial square feet, is generally Si 00, yet some 
few chosen sites may be held a,t a sm.ail additionai s«m. 










The entrance gate was chiseled in Quincy granite, at a 
cost of 810,000 : the beautiful Chapel for funeral cere- 
monies in the Cemetery, cost 625,000 ; and thus far, the 
Iron fences have cost $15,157 : the whole area was orig- 
inally purchased for $9, 766.89 : the value of the whole 
concern cannot be estimated at lees than half a million 



167 

of dollars. The body of Hannah Adams, our eminent 
historian, was the first inhumation, and since then 4646 
have been added to this place of rest : ninety-eight lots 
were purchased during the year 1850 : the grounds are 
of a full capacity for 20,000 lots : the Avenues and Paths 
if measured in a straight line, would extend to a dis- 
tance of thirty miles, so that a guide is necessary lor a 
stranger to thread his way, for any chance ol success to 
view the clusters of monuments on a circumference of 
from two to three miles, which guide may be generally 
purchased at the gate. The mausoleum to Dr. Binney, 
on Heath Path, erected in 1850, is one oi high excellence 
as respects the marble or the beauty of the sculpturing : 
it has two fronts and is an honor to the arts and to the 
Italian artist who formed such life-like figures. The 
chiseled form of Frankie is another beaufiful specimen 
of sculpture, worthy of a visit. 

Visitors to Mount Auburn can be conveyed there by 
Omnibus from Brattle street, at 20 cents, or by Rail Road 
from the Fitchburg Stafion, Haymarket ISq., at 15 cents. 
Members of the Corporation. 

Jacob Bigelow, President. George William Bond, Treasurer^ Office 
65 Kilby street. Henry M. Parker, Secretary. Office 46 Washington st. 

Trustees. — Jacob Bisrelow, Summer street. Geo. W. Crockett, Cen- 
tral Wharf. Charles P. Curtis, 16 Court street. Benjamin R. Curtis, 
16 Court street. John J. Dixwell, 56 State street. Benjamin A. Gould, 
20 Union Wharf John C. Gray, .30 Court street. Isaac Parker, 2 & 4 
Pearl street. James Read. 29 Mir< street. 

Committee on Lots. —Jacob Bigelow, Charles P. Curtis, Isaac Parker. 
Rufus Howe, Superintendent. 

TWO DEATHS BY A NORTH EAST STORM ; 

From the town records. 

" 1640, 10th Mo. Dec. 15, one of Roxbury, sending to 
Boston his servant maid, for a barber chirurgeon to draw 
his tooth, they lost their way on the road, and were not 
found till many days after; and then the maid was 
found in one place and the man in another, both of them 
frozen to death." 

As the above is the only known record of the death of 



168 

a chirurgeon on such an errand; that, probably gave rise 
to the following observations, on page 118 of Snow's 
History of Boston. '^ A Barber by the name of Francis 
Lisle, kept opposite to where the Old South stands : " a 
note at the bottom of that page, reads thus : "It is not 
certain whether he was the barber chirurgeon who lost 
his life in a snow storm while on his way to Roxbury to 
draw a tooth.'' From this, an inference has been drawn, 
that Lisle was the barber immolated, and geneologists at 
this day have made such a record ; but it is not a fact ; 
Lisle was member of the Artillery Company in 1638, 
and a living member of the Church in 1668 ; after the 
latter date, he sold his property here and returned to Eng- 
land, and was Surgeon tliere of the Earl of Manchester's 
Life Guard. 

VARIOUS ITEMS. 

The Merchants Bank on the corner of State street and 
Wilson's Lane, was built on the site of the old Boston 
Custom house, where on its circular steps were station- 
ed, eight of the British troops on the 5th of March, 1770, 
to proFect the building ; who fired on the inhabitants at 
about 9 o'clock, P. M. fatally wounding five men, who 
were all buried in one grave in the Chapel Cemetery. 

The massive granite building at the S.E. corner of Wa- 
ter and Devonshire sts., was removed about four feet to 
the east, to widen Devonshire street, on Friday, June 30 
1848 : Iron rollers were inserted beneath the foundation 
walls, on which it was moved by Jack Screws ; heavy 
timbers were placed under the walls and also inside, 
from wall to wall, that both should move equally : the 
feat was accomplished without changing the position of 
any granite block in the building, at the cost of about 
$500. 

This peninsula is supposed to have been thickly pop- 
ulated with the Indian race at some period of time previ- 
ous to the arrival of the Europeans, and that they cut 
down most of the trees, for cooking and for council fires. 
Their burial place or golgotha was on Tremont street ; 




m^^'^m .'^y if,, '<§> ills. 




OLD STATE HOUSE. Ta-e 1G9. 




MERCHANT'S EXCHANGE. 



Pago 143. 



169 

Dr. Mather stated that three hundred human sculls had 
been dug up on the east side of Mount Vernon, when he 
was a youth. 

John 'Josselyn visited Boston in 1638, and again in 1663: 
he published an account of the place, and although he 
has been often quoted as good authority, very little de- 
pendence can be placed on any of his statements ; he 
describes the N. E. Moose thus, at page 270. '• A crea- 
ture or rather you will, a monster of superfluity : A full 
grown Moose is many times bigger than a English Oxe, 
their horns very big and branchlet out into palms, the 
tips whereof are sometimes found to be two fathoms 
(12 feet) assunder, and in height, from the toe of the fore 
feet to the pitch of the shoulder twelve foot, both of 
which hath been taken by some of my sceptique readers 
to be monstrous lyes : of the Porcupine, at page 274, he 
says " The Porcupine, likewise I have treated of, only 
this I forgot to acquaint you with, that they lay eggs and 
are good meat," 

The Old State House is at the western end of State 
street : this site first served for the location of the first 
public market : at about 1670, the spot was covered by a 
State House, being in part built by a bequest of £500 left 
for that purpose by Capt. Robert Keayne, commander of 
the Ancient and Honorable Arfillery Company; deceased 
in 1656, which served for the meetings of the Legisla- 
ture till 1795: the Main Guard of the British troops was 
stationed there March 5, 1770, — The subscription Ship- 
ping Telegraph is in the Lantern of the building. 

REPORT OF THE LADIES' SOCIETY FOR THE PROMOTION 
OF EDUCATION AT THE WEST. 

The Fifth annual meeting of the Ladies Society was 
held at the house of Samuel Johnson, Esq., 24 Pember- 
ton square, Boston, Feb. 1st, 1850. Twenty-three teachers 
have been provided for by this society the past year, 
eighteen from the state, making in all forty-one. They 
have reported the hopeful conversion of one hundred and 
15 



170 

forty-four scholars in the day schools ; and nearly two 
hundred Western young ladies have been fitted for 
teachers of common schools, and many more are now 
in a course of training for the same honorable employ- 
ment. 

Rule 1st. Ladies wishing to go out for the Ladies Socie- 
ty, must be members of Orthodox Congregational Church- 
es in New England. They are not expected to be less 
than seventeen, nor more than thirty-six years of age; 
no candidate accepted without the consent of parents 
or guardian. 

2nd. Offers of services and testimonials from ladies 
wishing to go West in the Autumn, must be sent to the 
Committee through the Secretary during April, May and 
June ; and those wishing to go in the Spring must send 
in October, November and December. The Ex-Com- 
mittee meet on the second Thursday of those months, 
to accept and designate teachers. 

3d. This society furnishes teachers for such locations 
as are named in applications ; it has no power to choose 
them, or to transfer a teacher from one location to another. 
It is therefore desirable that candidates be willing to go 
where their talents and acquirements promise the great- 
est usefulness. 

4th. The society pay traveling expenses, and aid in 
an outfit for one year to those destitute of means. Beyond 
this, the society does not become responsible: everything 
will be found in this notice which a candidate may 
require to know before offering her services ; therefore, 
if letters of inquiry are as numerous as heretofore, a Re- 
port containing similar information will be forwarded in- 
stead of a letter. The Reports may be had gratuitously 
by persons wishing to become acquainted with our rules 
and operations, at No. 13 Cornhill, Boston. 

5th. The constitution does not provide for refunding 
the traveling expenses ; but when a good salary is paid, 
a teacher naturally wishes to remit, and she can do it 
any time in the form of a donation^ but not as a debt. 

Teachers are not required for any given time, but un- 



171 

less a lady intends teaching two or three years, would 
she use the society's money to travel to a distant portion 
of the country? and if married within a year after she 
commences a school, ought she not to remit a sum sutii- 
cient to convey a teacher to the school she leaves 1 

6th. Weighty responsibility rests upon those who re- 
commend teachers to the Ladies Society; no lady should 
be recommended who does not possess /rm principles, 
consistent piety, good common sense, and a practical mind. 

7th. Persons residing in the West who wish for female 
teachers from the Ladies Society, are requested to send 
for them as early as possible before they wish the school 
to be opened. Many applicants have failed of a teacher 
by requiring them to start at too short notice ; several 
ladies also have failed of a situation ihey wanted, from 
delaying to offer their services, or failing to be ready at 
the time required. 

Teachers have been recently called for, competent to 
teach the Piano skilfully— French, Italian, Drawing, 
Painting and fancy work, with the common and higher 
English branches. The salaries corresponding to the 
branches required : For vocal and instrumental music, 
French, Italian, Painting, etc. Jive hundred dollars and 
hoard is offered in a healthy and pleasant location. For 
Music and French, Painting and English, four hundred, 
and down to one hundred with board. 

The Treasury is overdrawn and a small debt incurred. 
The friends of the cause are requested to solicit sub- 
scriptions and forward to the Treasurer, Mrs.S. D. War- 
ren, 1 1 Bulfinch street, Boston. 

PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSE FOR THE POOR. 

A Company for establishing a cheap Bath and Wash- 
house was Incorporated in 1850, and will probably ac- 
complish the intent of their formation the approaching 
Spring ; all approximations to cleanliness bespeak health 
and strength to the laboring and poor classes, and the 
plan now proposed by our vigilant City Marshal, Francis 
Tukey, Esq. meets the hearty approbation of the citizens. 



172 



ANCIENT AND MODERN NAMES OF THE STREETS IN 
BOSTON, WITH A MAP OF BOSTON FOR 1722. 

I. The Streets from the Fortification over the draw bridge (Hanover 
St.) to Hudson's Point (Thompson's wharf,) at the north end. 

From the gate to Eliot"s cor. (Essex st.) Orange st. . present name. 
To Bethune's corner, (West st.) Newbury st. / At this time they 
To Haugh's corner, (School St.) Marlborough St. 1 are all Wash- 
To Colson's stone house, (Dock Square) Cornhill. ^ ington street. 

To Sun Tavern, (Corn ct.) thence to Jackson's ) -p, , cam*, nnw 

and Brooks' corners and back to Hutchinson's. ( ^^^^^ ^^- ^^"^^ "°^* 
From Jackson's corner, (Ann st.) over the draw bridge . 



All Ami St. 



to the Cross Tavern, . . . • Ann st. 
Thence to the Swan Tavern, near Scarlet's wf. Fish st 
To the North Battery, .... Ship st. •' 

To the old Ferry way at Hudson's point, (Thomp- ) Commercial 

son's wharf) Lyn st. . . - . j street. 

II. Streets from Frog Lane, (Boylston st.) at the .south end of the com- 
mon, over the Mill bridge, (Hanover st.) to Lyn st. (Commercial) 

From Frog Lane (Boylston st.) to Clarke's cor. Common st. Trem't st. 
Thence by Jekyl's to the orange tree, (Court st.) Tramount St. Trem. r 
To the Mill bridge, (Hlackslone st.) Hanover St. J .n 

To Clarke's corner, (Prince st.) Middle st. [ tjqnover st 

Thence across Lyn street to the sea. North street. ) 

III. The Streets, Lanes and Alleys branching from the Streets above 

reckoning from the southward. 

1. From Orange street. 

Crossing Orange street, both east and west Castle st. The same. 
Running north-westerly by the new church. Harvard st. HoUis st. 
Opposite to Harvard st. (Hollis) to the sea, Bennet st. S. Bennel st. 
The next running east to the sea, .... Hollis st Harvard st. 
The ftext running east by Loring's to the sea. Beach st. The same. 

From Welles' cor. west to the sea, ) t7,„ ,„ tj^,.!,.. ,. 

at the bottom of the Common } Frog lane, Boylston st. 

Eliot's cor. east, to Windmill Point, - - Essex St. The same. 

2. Leading from Newbury st. 

From BarrilFs corner, west, to the Common, Sheafs lane. Avery st, 
Betw'n Blin's and Durant's, N. W. to Common, Hogg alley. Built on 
From Cowell's corner, west to the Common, West st. The same. 
Wheeler's corner to Blind lane, - - Pond st. Bedford st. 

Ellis' corner, north-west to the Common, AVinier st. The same. 
Bethune's corner, east to the sea, - - Summer st. The same. 

3. Leading from Marlboro' st. (Washington) 

From Brisco's cor. N.W. to Common st. Rawson's lane. Bromfield st. 
South Church corner, easlwardly to the sea, 1 t,^-,. ,, rp, ^ ,„^„ 

formerly Fort st - - - - } Miik st. The same, 

From Hallowel's corner in Milk St. S.E. ) n,,,^„,„.,^u vu^ .^^^ 

by S. Battery to Gibb's lane, - - j Batterymarch. The same 



BON_NER'S 



i\l\p of iDilStOll 





















tOlil) > SoiUft Crrtmmur i 






173 

Haug^i's corner N.W. to "Whitcomb's cor. School st. The same. 
Thence by the north side of the Common to sea, Beacon »t. do. 

4. Leading from CornhiM, (Washinirton) 

From Clarke's corner, east to JolliflV' lane, Spring lane. The same. 
Phillip's corner, east to Mackril lane, - AVater st. The same. 
Webster's Arch, westM-ard. - - Savage's ct. Williams' ct. 
Round the old Church, (Joy's Building) Church sq. Cornhill sq.. 
From W. end of the Town house, E.to Long wht'. King st. State st. 
Deering's corner, N.W. to the orange tree, - Queeji st. Court st 
Thence north to the end of Cold lane, Jon .mi 

(Portland St.) to the Mill pond. i } Sudl'uiy st- The same. 
The way leading trom Bill and Smith's ) Hiwkins st The same 

corner nito Cambridge st. - - / iiawKuis st. i ne same. 

5. Leading from Dock Square. 

From Sun tavern, east to Merchants' row, CornMark't. Fan. Hall sq. 
Between Hutchin.5on's and Colson, to Brattle ^ ( Part 

St., thence south to Queen st. (Court) and J Brattle st. | Franklin 

north to Wing's lane, (pjim St.) ) ( Avenue. 

From Pollard's cor. Brattle st. W. to Green 1 TTn^,^ i,..,., n^^,,}^ , 

and Walker's cor. in Queen st. (Court) j ^'"^"^ ^'"^^- ^^^"^^ •^^' 
From Brooks' corner, west to Hanover st. Wing's lane. Elm st. 
From the Conduit at Dock head N.W. cross- ) tt,,;«v. c tko ^.,,^^ 

ing Hanover st, to the Mill pond. . } Union st. The same 

6. Leading from Ann street. 

From Pitts' corner round on the dock ) t^- . atot-i-^. ivr tw„,i.„« „. 
to Pitts' wharf. . - - } Fish Market. N. Market st. 

Checkley's entry, N.W. to Creek lane, Scottow's alley. Scott alley 
Tyler's corners to the wharffes, Svvingbridge lane. Part of Merch. r. 
Simpkins' corner, east to the wharife, Royal's alley. Blackstone st. 
Tyler's corner, west to Middle st. Paddy's alley. N. Centre st. 

Allen's cor. east lo the wood wharffe, Wentworth's lane. Barrett st. 
At north end of Ann st. from the sea N.W. to ) p,,„^, „, m „ 

the Mill pond (Hay Market sq.) - - } ^'""^^ ^^- ^'^^ ^^"^*^- 

7. Leading from Fish street. 

From Dr. Clarke's cor. N.W. to Middle st. Gallop's al'y. Mechanic al 
Edward's corner, N.W. to Middle st. Wood lane. Richmond st. 
Mountford's corner by the east side of ) ,-- . mu 

N. Church* to Flelt St. - - } Moon st. The same. 
Gardner's corner, N.W. to the N. Church, Sun Court, The same. 
At the north end of Fish sl. from Scarlet's whf 1 t^i , , rr^ur 

to the upper end of Middle st. ( Hanover) . } ^^^^^ ^^- ^^^ same 

8. Leading from Ship street. 

From Richards' corner west, by 'new ) r?^^,^,. „, r-i i . 

N. Church to North .street - } Foster st. Clark st. 

Bill's corner, west to North st. - - Whitebread al. Bartlett st. 

Salutation tavern, west to North .?t. Salutation al. The same. 

Parkman's corner, west to North st. - Battery al. Battery st. 

* The Church referred to, was the second Church in Boston, in the 
North Square, which was slaved to pieces by the British, in 1774, for 
the benefit of fuel. 15* 



174 



I Greenotigh's al. The same. 



9. L«ending from Lyn street. 
Through Greeuough's ship yard, 

S. W. to Charter street. 
From Aves' corner, S. to Charter st. Henchman's lane. The same. 
By Williams' S.VV. to Charter St. - Sliding alley. Foster st. 
From Atkins' lime kiln S.W. to N. burying place. Lime al. Lime st. 

10. Leading from Hanover street. 

From Harris' corner N.W. to iVIill pond, Cold lane. Portland st. 

Ballantine's cor. S. to Fitch's c. iu Union St. Marshal's 1. Marshall st. 
Star tavern, north to the mill, ... Lhik alley. Union st. 
IL Leading from Middle street. 
From the mill bridge, N. to Gee's cor. in Prince st. Backst. Salem st. 
AVales' corner to Back street, ... Beer lane. Cross st. 
Morrill's cor. N.W. to Charlestown ferry. Prince st. The same. 
AVadsworth's cor. east to N. Church, (N. Square) Bell alley. Prince st 
End of Middle st. N.W. to Salem st, Bennet st. North Bennet st. 
12. Leading from North street. 

From Stephen's cor. N.W. to Salem st. Love lane. Tileston st. 

Rainsford's corner, running by N. side of the ) charter st. The same 

burying place to lerry way. - - 1 

From Ruck's corner in Charter st. W. to 

Harrod's cor. in Prince st. - - 

IV. Other cross streets and Lanes. 
1. From South end to Dock Square. 
Leading from Essex st. S.W. to Beach st. Rainsford's 1. 
The next running north to Pond st. 
Cro.ssing the east end of E.-^sex st. from ) 

Hill's w^harffe, north to Summer st. j 

Leading from Summer st. iVom Clarke's cor. ) 

N.W. to Brown's corner in Milk st. ) 

From the new South Church W. to Pond st. 
Mercy's corner, N. E. to Fort hill. 
The ropewalk running N. E. out of Summer 

St. to Batterymarch. . - . - 
The bottom of Summer st. S. to Windmill point, Sea st. The same. 
From the bottom of Summer st. N E by ) piounder 1. Broad st. 

Ihejsea and running to the ropewalk, j 

1. Crooked alley. 



Salem st. The same. 



• Short St. 
South St. 



Harrison a. 
The same. 

The same. 



Bishop's al. Hawley st. 

Blind lane. Bedford st. 
Cow lane. High st, 

1 Belcher's 1. High st. 



■Ways leading from Belcher's 
?ajie N. to Cow laiie. 



Ways leading from Ccw lane 
north to Milk street. 

Ways leading from Long lane into 
Atkinson st. easterly. 



Gray's lane. 
Gridley's lane. 
Tilley"s lane, 
Gibb's lane. 

1. Long lane, 

2. Atkinson st. 

3. Hutchinson st, 

4. Oliver st, 

!1. Round lane. 
2. Bury st. 



Brick alley. 
Atkinson st. 
Gridiey st. 
Pearl st. 
Belmont st. 

Federal st. 

The same. 

Pearl st. 

The same. 

Williams st. 

Channijig, St. 



173 

From Ronnd lane N. into Bury st. Sister st. The same. 

From N. E. side of Fort Hill to Batterymarch, Sconce I. Hamilton st. 

^ 1. Jolliff's lane, part Devon, st. 
Ways from Milk st..E.to Water st V 2. Tanner's lane. Bath st. 

) 3. Cooper's alley. Kilby st. 
From Drummer's corner, in School st. ) ^ ; i rr.i, 

S. W. to Rawson's lane, } Governor's al. The same. 

From Beacon st. N.W. to Allen's orchard, Davies lane. Walnut st. 
From Alford's corner to Century hill, Cenlury st. Belknap St. 

From Beacoil st. north to Cambridge st. George st. The same. 

) 1. Pudding 1, Devonshire st. 
Ways from King St. S. to Water st > 2. Leverett's 1. Congress st. 

)3. Mackrill. Kilby st. 
From Maccarty's corner turning into Pudding lane. Half Court sq. 
From Mackril lane, east to the dock, - Lobster alley. Doane st. 
From Mackril I.E. by Hallovvel's whf to the sea, Crab I. The same. 

From King si. northerly to Dock sq. } J' iT"t^"!' '^"f- J^l '^"'•'•, 
° ■' ^ }2. bhnmpton s 1. Exchange st. 

From King st. into Corn Market, Peirce's alle^. Change al. 

From Faneuil'.s cor. round to Wood- -nr _,i,„„.) mi 

mansies M^harffe, - - - Merchant s row. The same 

2. From orange tree in Queen street to the western part of the town, 

leading from Sudbury st. north-west. 
From Bowdoin's corner west, Southac's court. Howard st. 

Emmon's cor. running by the windmill to the sea, Camb'ge st. Same 
Leading out of Cambridge st. S.W. to Howard >t. Stoddard's 1. Same 
The new way leading N. E. from Cambridge st. J . , , , , o 

by Copeliii's into Sudbury st. - - - \ ^^'^^'^^ '• ^^™«- 
From Welle's cor. N.W. to Barton's point, Green st. The same. 
Leading from Cambridge st. north ) J' Staniford st. ^ 

into Green st - - - i^' Ly"de st. [ The same. 

mtoureenst. ) 3. Chamber st. ) 

From Green St. N. E. to the raillpond, - Gooch lane. Gooch st. 

3. From Dock square to the north end, leading from Union st. 
From Royal's house, W. _ . - Minot's court. Scott ct. 
Webb's corner, east to Creek lane, Marsh lajie. The same. 
Bow's corner, east to do. - - - Salt lane. The same. 
From Jephson's cor. in MarshaPs lane, ><-,,, r^ , 

east to Scouow's alley, - - '} Creek lane. Creek sq. 
From N. W. end of Cross St. by the millpond \ ^^ia t^ j- » . 

side north, -.---. } OM way. Endicot st. 
The space on south side of the north Church. Clark's sq. North sq. 
From Bell alley cor. north to Fleet st. Garden court. The same. 

Fron^ Salem st. N.W. to Snow st. } ^ ^^^f^^ ^'- The same. 
From Travis' cor. to Prince sL N. to Hudson's pt Snow st. Snowh'I 
The number of streets are 60. Lanes 41. Alleys 18. Besides Squares 
Courts, &c. 



176 



LAWS AGAINST QUAKERS. 

A law against Quakers, was published in Boston by- 
beat of drum, bearing date Oct. 14, 1656. The pream- 
ble is couched in emphatic language, viz : 

''Whereas there is a cursed set of heretics lately risen 
up in the world, which are commonly called Quakers, 
who take upon themselves to be immediately sent of 
God, &c." The Statute inflicts afine of £100, upon any 
person who brings one of them into any harbor, creek, or 
cove, and compels him to carry such Quaker away : the 
Quaker to be put in the House of Correction and severely 
whipped : no person to speak to a quaker ] £5 penalty 
for importing, dispersing or concealing any book contain- 
ing their devilish opinions; 40 shillings for maintaining 
such opinions, and £4 for persisting ; — and the House of 
Correction and banishment for still persisting. 

Hazard II. p. 589, gives an extract from the law for 
the special punishment of two Quakers, Peter Pearson, 
and Judah Brown, —That they shall by the constable of 
Boston, be forthwith taken out of the Prison, and stripped 
from the girdle upwards, by the executioner, tied to a 
cart's tail and whipped through the town with twenty 
stripes: then carried to Roxbury and delivered to the 
constable there, who is also, to tye them or cause them 
to be tied in like manner to the cart's tail, and again 
whip them thro' the town with ten stripes : and then 
carried to Dedham and delivered to the constable there, 
who is again in like manner to cause them to be tied to a 
cart's tail and whipped with ten stripes through the towm, 
and thence they are immediately to depart the jurisdic- 
tion, at their peril. The Legislative disignation of the 
Quakers was Quaker rogues, heretics, accursed ranters 
and vagabonds. 

In 1657, Hutchinson T. p. 107. " An additional law 
was made by which all persons were subjected to a pen- 
alty of 40 shillings for every hour's entertainment given 
to a known quaker, and every quaker after the first con- 



177 

viction, if a man, was to lose an ear, and for a second 
time; to lose the other ear : if a woman, each time to be 
severely whipped, and t' o third time, man or woman, 
to have their tongues bored with a hot iron. 

In 1658, 10 shilliii : were levied on every person 
present at a Quaker iii'Lting, and £5 for speaking at 
such meeting. In > 'ciotbr of that year, the punishment 
of death was decreed a'j^ainst all quakers returning into 
the colony after banishment : the ears of Holden, Cope- 
land and Rouse, three quakers, were cut off in prison. 
June 1, 1660, Mary Dyer was hanged for returning after 
banishmeni. Several persons were brought to trial *'for 
adherer :; to the cursed sect of Quakers, not disowning 
thcniselves to be such, refusing to give civil respect, 
leaving their families and relations and running from 
place to place, vagabond like," Daniel Gold and Robert 
Harper were sentenced to be whipped and with Alice 
Courtland, Mary Scott and Hope Cliflord banished, under 
pain of death, William Kingsmill, Margaret Smith, Mary 
Trask and Provided Southwick were sentenced to be 
whipped and Hannah Phillips admonished, John Cham- 
berlain came to trial* with his hat on, and refused to 
answer, the jury gave a verdict of "much inclining to 
the cursed opinions of the Quakers." — Wendlock Chris- 
topherson was sentenced to death but allowed to fly the 
jurisdiction. — March 14th, 1660, William Ledea "A curs- 
ed Quaker," was hanged. Deborah Wilson, Hutchinson 
says, I p. 204 " went through the streets of Salem naked 
as she came into the world, for which she was well 
whipped." at last an order came from the King prohibit- 
ing the capital and even corporal punishment of the 
Quakers, Sept. 9, 1661. 

PRIMITIVE ITEMS. 

Sept. 28, 1630. It is ordered that no master Carpen- 
ter, Mason, Joiner or Bricklayer, shall take above 18 
pence a day for their work, if they have meat and drink, 



k. 



178 

and the second sort not above 12 pence a day, under 
pain of £ 10, both to giver and receiver. The law was 
repealed in 1^31. 

Nov. 9, 1630. Mr. Clark is prohibited cohabitation 
and frequently keeping company with Mrs. Freeman, 
under pain of such punishment as the court shall think 
meet to inflict. Mr. Clark and Mr. Freeman hath 
bound themselves in £20 a piece, that Mr. Clark shall 
make his personall appearance at the next court to be 
holden in March next, and in the mean time to carry 
himself in good behaviour towards all people and espec- 
ially towards Mrs. Freeman, concerning whom there is 
strong suspicions of incontinency. 

1631, March 4. Nicholas Knopp was fined £5, for 
taking on himself to cure the scurvy with a water of no 
value, yet selling it at a dear rate ; to be imprisoned till 
he has paid the iine or else be whipped, and be liable to 
any man's action of whom he had received money for 
said water. 

May 3, 1631. It is ordered that John Legge, servant to 
Mr. Humphrey shall be severely whipt this day at Bos- 
ton, and afterwards so soon as convenient may be at Sa- 
lem, for striking Richard Wright, when he came to give 
him correction for idleness in his master's work. 

July 26th, 1631. Lucy Smytbe is bound as an appren- 
tice to Roger Ludlowe for 7 years, during which he is to 
find her meat drink and clothes, and at the end of her 
years to give her the sum of £5. 

1631, Aug. 16. Court of Assistants at Boston, present. 
Gov. Deputy Gov. Mr. Ludlow, Nowell, Pyncheon ana 
J. Bradstreet. Four men fined six marks apiece (a mark 
was 13 s. and 4 d. sterling) for drinking two much aboard 
the Friendship and at Mr. Maverick's house at Win- 
esemet, 

Oct. 18th, 1631. It is ordered that if any man shall 
have carnal copulation with another mans wife they both 
shall be punished by death ; this law was confirmed 
the first month 1637, or 1638. 



179 

The first night watch in Boston, was appointed Feb. 
1635 : In 1653, in lieu of a watch, a bellman was provi- 
ded, to go about from 10 till five in the morning. — In 1649 
it was ordered that no person should play at shuftle-board. 
bowling or any other play, about a public house, under 
pain of forfeiture of 20 shillings from the keeper, and 5 
from every person playing ; also, if any one deny the 
scriptures, to be the word of God, to be fined £50 or 
whipped 40 stripes, unless he publicly recant ; in which 
case, his fine is £10_, and whipped if he pay not that; — 
and if the said ofFende;- after said recantation or punish- 
ment, shall the second time obstinately maintain the 
said wicked opinion, he shall be banished or put to 
death as the court shall judge. 

2d of 9th month. November 1638. And leave is gran- 
ted to Paulinge a plasterer to buy Peter Johnson's the 
Dutchman's house, and to become an inhabitant of this 
town. 

Ladies Dresses Regulated. 4th of 7th month, 1639, 
Boston. No garment shall be made with short sleeves 
whereby the nakedness of the arm may be discovered in 
the wearing thereof, and such as have garments already 
made with short sleeves, shall not hereafter wear the 
same, unless they cover their arms to the wrist with lin- 
en or otherwise : and that hereafter no person whatso- 
ever shall make any garments for women, or any of their 
sex, with sleeves more than half an Ell wide in the widest 
place thereof, and so proportionable for bigger or smaller 
persons. 

1640. Edward Palmer was hired to build a pair of 
Stocks, and on being adjudged as asking a great price 
for them, was sentenced to be put in them for one hour. 
— and Capt. Stone was sentenced to pay £100, to Justice 
Ludlow, for calling him a just-ass, and also, prohibited 
from coming into Boston without the Governors leave, 
upon pain of death. — Josias Plastow, for stealing four 
baskets of corn from the Indians : was ordered to return 
eight baskets, to be fined £5, and to be called Josias, and 
not Mr. Josias in |ature. 



180 



Sargent Perkins, for being drunk, to carry 40 turfs 
the Fort. — Samuel Lovell, admonished to take heed 
light carriage. — Catherine, wife of Richard Cornish, w 
found suspicious of incontinency, and admonished to taj 
heed.— John Wedgevvood, for being in the company 
drunkards, to be set in the stocks. — John Daw, for crir 
inal connexion with an Indian woman, to be severe 
whipped ; and at the next session of the court, it w 
changed to death, to both parties, if with another mar- 
wife. 

It is ordered that Richard Hopkins shall be severe 
whipt and branded with hott iron on one of his cheek 
for selling peices (guns) and powder and shott to t' 
Indians. 

It is ordered that Joyce Brad wick shall give unto Ale 
ander Becke the sum of twenty dollars, for promisi., 
him marriage without her friends consent and now refi 
ing to perform the same. 

It was ordered that every inhabitant having any 
John Reeve's and Lowdowick Muggleton's books, ai; 
shall not bring or send them unto the next magistral! 
shall forfeit £10 and the books burnt in the market plav 
at Boston, on the next lecture day by the common e 
ecutioner. — Philip Ratclif, (a servant) beijjig convict 
of slanderous invectives against the church and govei 
ment ; to be whipped, lose his ears and to be banishe. 
which was "presently" executed. 

1642. Mr. Robert Saltonstall is fined 5s. for presen 
ing his petition, on so small and bad a piece of paper 

1652, An Irish woman was admitted, on the bond of 
Faulkner, for seven pounds ; that she should not bbcoi 
the town's expense. 

1657, John Pierce, is admitted an inhabitant on t 
testimony of J. Everill and I. Collamore. 

The court at Boston, ordered a man to be severel 
whipt for cursing, swearing, justifying the same, an 



